Book Reviews : Public Health Paper No. 79 — Health Care Facility Projects by B. M. Kleckowski and N. O. Nilsson. Published by World Health Organisation, 1984. Price: Sw Fr 9 Paperback. Pp 84. ISBN: 92 4 130079 5

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-75
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health

scholarly journals Cluster-randomized non-inferiority trial to compare supplement consumption and adherence to different dosing regimens for antenatal calcium and iron-folic acid supplementation to prevent preeclampsia and anaemia: rationale and design of the Micronutrient Initiative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshood O. Omotayo ◽  
Katherine L. Dickin ◽  
Gina M. Chapleau ◽  
Stephanie L. Martin ◽  
Christopher Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dose Regimen ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Evening Dose ◽  
Cluster Randomized

<em>Background</em>: To prevent pre-eclampsia in populations with insufficient dietary calcium (Ca) intake, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends routine Ca supplementation during antenatal care (ANC). WHO guidelines suggest a complex dosing regimen, requiring as many as 5 pill-taking events per day when combined with iron and folic acid (IFA) supplements. Poor adherence may undermine public health effectiveness, so simpler regimens may be preferable. This trial will compare the effect of the WHO-recommended (higher-dose) regimen vs. a simpler, lower-dose regimen on supplement consumption and pill-taking behaviours in Kenyan ANC clients. <br /><em>Design and methods:</em> This is a parallel, non-inferiority, cluster-randomized trial; we examined 16 primary care health facilities in Kenya, 1047 pregnant women between 16-30 weeks gestational age. Higher-dose regimen: 1.5 g elemental calcium in 3 separate doses (500 mg Ca/pill) and IFA (60 mg Fe + 400 μg folic acid) taken with evening dose. Lower-dose regimen: 1.0 g calcium in 2 separate doses (500 mg Ca/pill) with IFA taken as above. Measurements: Primary outcome is Ca pills consumed per day, measured by pill counts. Secondary outcomes include IFA pills consumed per day, client knowledge, motivation, social support, and satisfaction, measured at 4 to 10 weeks post-enrolment. Statistical analyses: Unit of randomization is the health-care facility; unit of analysis is individual client. Intent-to-treat analysis will be implemented with multi-level models to account for clustering. <br /><em>Expected public health impact:</em> If pregnant women prescribed lower doses of Ca ingest as many pills as women prescribed the WHO-recommended regimen, developing a lower-dose recommendation for antenatal Ca and IFA supplementation programs could save resources.

The Great Awakening - Digitalization in Dental Healthcare during the pandemic COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 380-384
Author(s):  
Priyanka Paul Madhu ◽  
Yojana Patil ◽  
Aishwarya Rajesh Shinde ◽  
Sangeeta Kumar ◽  
Pratik Phansopkar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Record System ◽  
The World

disease in 2019, also called COVID-19, which has been widely spread worldwide had given rise to a pandemic situation. The public health emergency of international concern declared the agent as the (SARS-CoV-2) the severe acute respiratory syndrome and the World Health Organization had activated significant surveillance to prevent the spread of this infection across the world. Taking into the account about the rigorousness of COVID-19, and in the spark of the enormous dedication of several dental associations, it is essential to be enlightened with the recommendations to supervise dental patients and prevent any of education to the dental graduates due to institutional closure. One of the approaching expertise that combines technology, communications and health care facilities are to refine patient care, it’s at the cutting edge of the present technological switch in medicine and applied sciences. Dentistry has been improved by cloud technology which has refined and implemented various methods to upgrade electronic health record system, educational projects, social network and patient communication. Technology has immensely saved the world. Economically and has created an institutional task force to uplift the health care service during the COVID 19 pandemic crisis. Hence, the pandemic has struck an awakening of the practice of informatics in a health care facility which should be implemented and updated at the highest priority.

scholarly journals Factors affecting health care facility utilization in rural areas of Lucknow district

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1766
Author(s):  
Vinita Shukla ◽  
Pratibha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Background Population

Background: Population is increasing rapidly so with the limited resources government alone cannot cater the health of whole population. Private health sector is equally important for the improvement of health of the people. In view of these facts the present study was planned to assess the utilization of health care services (both public and private) and to assess the reasons for visiting that particular health facility (public or private).Methods: Study was cross sectional for 1 year period. Total sample size was 1024. In the present study only rural area was taken. By using multistage stratified random sampling 6 villages were selected and sample came out as 516. Data was analyzed by stata software version -12 for windows and chi square test.Results: 50% respondents visited public, 38% private and 10% visited others (charitable, pharmacies etc.). 62% respondents belonged to lower socio economic status preferred public health care facility. The main reason for visiting public health facility was free services and for private was got cure earlier from that heath facility. Majority of people visited any health facility for illness. (344 out of 516) and 50% of them visited for respiratory diseases. For chronic illness majority (60%) preferred public health care facility.Conclusions: Both public and private health care facilities should be made well equipped and affordable so that people can make choices and not forced to choose particular health facility.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of preoperative hyperglycaemia among patients undergoing surgery at a tertiary health care facility of Eastern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2838
Author(s):  
Souvik Banerjee ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Debasis Basu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Health Organization

Background: With about 425 million patients globally and 72.9 million patients in India, diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the global health emergency of 21st century. Perioperative hyperglycaemia is reported in 20-40% of patients undergoing general surgery. A substantial body of literature demonstrates a clear association between perioperative hyperglycaemia and adverse clinical outcomes. This study aims to find out the frequency of preoperative hyperglycaemia and factors influencing it among patients undergoing surgery at a tertiary health care hospital of Eastern India.Methods: This Institution based, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among study subjects who were operated at IQ City Medical College and Multispecialty Hospital, Durgapur, India during January-February 2019. Relevant medical records were reviewed to collect data regarding clinic-social data. Estimation of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) has been done as per World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Hyperglycaemia was defined and classified as per American Diabetes Association (ADA). Anthropometric measurements were taken as per standard WHO protocols.Results: A total 158 study subjects participated in study. The mean age and mean FPG of the study subjects was 42.63±12.95 years and 103.3±17.37 mg/dl respectively. As per the ADA criteria, 58.9% had normal FPG, 24.0% had impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and 17.1% had diabetes. Out of total 27 T2DM patients, 22 (13.9%) were known cases of T2DM and 5 (3.2%) were undiagnosed. The frequency of preoperative hyperglycaemia i.e. sums of IFG and diabetes was found to be 41.1%. Increasing age, male gender and overweight and obesity significantly influenced the occurrence of preoperative hyperglycaemia.Conclusions: The prevalence of preoperative hyperglycaemia among patients undergoing surgery is higher than the prevalence of hyperglycaemia among non surgical patients. Routine HbA1C should be done in all surgical patients to differentiate between chronic undiagnosed hyperglycaemia and stress hyperglycaemia.

scholarly journals Surveillance des substances contrôlées en établissements de santé : une contribution à la gestion de la crise des opioïdes au Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manon Videau ◽  
Maxime Thibault ◽  
Denis Lebel ◽  
Suzanne Atkinson ◽  
Jean-François Bussières
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
General Anesthetics ◽  
Controlled Substances ◽  
The World

RÉSUMÉContexte : La consommation des substances contrôlées et plus particulièrement des opioïdes est un enjeu de santé publique. Le Canada se situe au deuxième rang des plus gros consommateurs d’opioïdes dans le monde. L’utilisation de ces substances est associée à des problèmes de mésusage. À preuve, une crise des opioïdes sévit en Amérique du Nord.Objectifs : Décrire et analyser les tendances de consommation des substances contrôlées au sein d’un établissement de santé de 2003-2004 à 2017-2018. Proposer un outil de surveillance de la consommation des substances contrôlées dans un établissement de santé.Methodologie : Étude descriptive rétrospective. À partir du logiciel de gestion des approvisionnements, nous avons extrait les données de consommation de toutes les substances contrôlées du 1er avril 2003 au 31 mars 2018. Les données ont été exprimées selon l’index de la classification Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical en nombre de dosesdéfinies journalières (DDJ) pour 1000 jours-présence avec les valeurs de DDJ proposées par l’Organisation mondiale de la santé. Seules des statistiques descriptives ont été effectuées.Resultats : Durant les 15 dernières années, la consommation des substances contrôlées a diminué de 43 % au sein de notre établissement (min. : 739; max. : 1292 DDJ/1000 jours-présence par année). De 2003- 2004 à 2017-2018, les principales classes thérapeutiques consommées par ordre décroissant étaient : opioïdes, hypnotiques et sédatifs, anxiolytiques et anesthésiques généraux. Les principales molécules opioïdes consommées en 2017-2018 sont l’hydromorphone et la morphine injectable.Conclusions : Cette étude descriptive rétrospective montre une diminution de la consommation des substances contrôlées au sein de notre établissement de 2003-2004 à 2017-2018. Elle démontre la faisabilité de développer un outil de surveillance de la consommation des substances contrôlées en établissement de santé. Une telle approche pourrait être implantée à large échelle afin de favoriser les comparaisons entre les établissements. ABSTRACTBackground: The use of controlled substances, especially opioids, is a public health concern. Canada is the country with the second greatest opioid use in the world. The use of these substances is associated with problems of misuse, as evidenced by North America’s opioid crisis.Objectives: To describe and analyze usage patterns for controlled substances in a health care facility from 2003/04 to 2017/18, and to propose a tool for monitoring the use of controlled substances in this setting.Method: In this retrospective descriptive study, usage data for all controlled substances were extracted from the institution’s supply management software for the period April 1, 2003, to March 31, 2018. The data are presented according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification in terms of number of Defined Daily Doses(DDD) per 1000 inpatient-days, using the DDD values proposed by the World Health Organization. Only descriptive statistics were determined.Results:During the last 15 years, use of controlled substances at the study facility dropped by 43% (min. 739 and max. 1292 DDD/1000 inpatient-days per year). From 2003/04 to 2017/18, the main therapeutic classes consumed (in decreasing order) were opioids, hypnotics and sedatives, anxiolytics, and general anesthetics. The main opioid molecules consumed in 2017/18 were hydromorphone and injectable morphine.Conclusions: This retrospective descriptive study showed a decrease in the consumption of controlled substances in the study facility from 2003/04 to 2017/18. It also demonstrated the feasibility of developing a tool for monitoring the use of controlled substances in a health care facility. This approach could be implemented at a larger scale to foster comparisons between facilities.

scholarly journals Feasibility Study of the World Health Organization Health Care Facility-Based Antimicrobial Stewardship Toolkit for Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Gina Maki ◽  
Ingrid Smith ◽  
Sarah Paulin ◽  
Linda Kaljee ◽  
Watipaso Kasambara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
World Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) has emerged as a systematic approach to optimize antimicrobial use and reduce antimicrobial resistance. To support the implementation of AMS programs, the World Health Organization developed a draft toolkit for health care facility AMS programs in low- and middle-income countries. A feasibility study was conducted in Bhutan, the Federated States of Micronesia, Malawi, and Nepal to obtain local input on toolkit content and implementation of AMS programs. This descriptive qualitative study included semi-structured interviews with national- and facility-level stakeholders. Respondents identified AMS as a priority and perceived the draft toolkit as a much-needed document to further AMS program implementation. Facilitators for implementing AMS included strong national and facility leadership and clinical staff engagement. Barriers included lack of human and financial resources, inadequate regulations for prescription antibiotic sales, and insufficient AMS training. Action items for AMS implementation included improved laboratory surveillance, establishment of a stepwise approach for implementation, and mechanisms for reporting and feedback. Recommendations to improve the AMS toolkit’s content included additional guidance on defining the responsibilities of the committees and how to prioritize AMS programming based on local context. The AMS toolkit was perceived to be an important asset as countries and health care facilities move forward to implement AMS programs.

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