Using unwrapped filament tows to strengthen sandwich composites: Puncture and bursting resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1374-1388
Author(s):  
Jia-Hsun Li ◽  
Ching-Wen Lou ◽  
Jing-Chzi Hsieh ◽  
Jia-Horng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Sandwich Composites ◽  
Puncture Resistance ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Single Pattern

The combination of appropriate materials and structural design can compensate for flaw of a single pattern, providing the products with better functionalities. In this study, the custom-made nonwoven fabric machine can unwrap the filament tows before needle punching stage. Sandwich composites are proposed, consisting of two nonwoven fabrics as surface layers and laminated loops of filaments as the core. The puncture resistance of the sandwich composites are examined in terms of weight of filament loops and needle-punching depth, examining their influences. The employment of filaments has a remarkable influence on the mechanical performance of the composites. GF4G has static puncture resistance, dynamic puncture resistance, and bursting strength that are 89%, 30%, 88% higher than those of GF1G; 332%, 127%, and 500% higher than those of 2G; and 671%, 400%, and 1260% higher than those of G. Using filaments to reinforce nonwoven fabrics only requires simple equipment and easy operation. Furthermore, based on the requirements of different final products, diverse filaments and multiple parameters can be combined, thereby providing the composites with efficient production, solid reinforcement, and broad applications.

scholarly journals Investigation about the Effect of Manufacturing Parameters on the Mechanical Behaviour of Natural Fibre Nonwovens Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Gnaba ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Damien Soulat ◽  
Fatma Omrani ◽  
Manuela Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Composite Scale ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

To date, nonwoven fabrics made with natural fibres and thermoplastic commingled fibres have been extensively used in the composite industry for a wide variety of applications. This paper presents an innovative study about the effect of the manufacturing parameters on the mechanical behaviour of flax/PP nonwoven reinforced composites. The mechanical properties of nonwoven fabric reinforced composites are related directly to the ones of dry nonwoven reinforcements, which depend strongly on the nonwoven manufacturing parameters, such as the needle-punching and areal densities. Consequently, the influence of these manufacturing parameters will be analysed through the tensile and flexural properties. The results demonstrated that the more areal density the nonwoven fabric has, the more the mechanical behaviour can be tested for composites. By contrast, it has a complex influence on needle-punching density on the load-strain and bending behaviours at the composite scale.

Mechanical and Electrical Properties of the Polyaniline (PANI)/Polylactic Acid (PLA) Nonwoven Fabric

2013 ◽  
Vol 365-366 ◽  
pp. 1074-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin Mei Lin ◽  
Ching Hui Lin ◽  
Yu Tien Huang ◽  
Ching Wen Lou ◽  
Jia Horng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Layer Number ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Needle Punching

Technical development and rapid telecommunication create convenient consumer products, but produce electromagnetic radiation that hurts the human body, which makes the development of antistatic and electromagnetic-wave-resistant textiles important. This study combines polylactic acid (PLA) fibers and low melting point polylactic (LPLA) fibers by needle punching to make PLA nonwoven fabrics. The lamination layer number is then changed to explore its influence on the mechanical properties of the PLA nonwoven fabrics. Next, the nonwoven fabrics are spray-coated with polyaniline (PANI) to form the PANI/PLA nonwoven fabrics. The PANI/PLA nonwoven fabric with a lamination layer number of 5 has the optimum tensile and tear strength. A coating of PANI can reduce the surface resistivity.

The Effects of Thermal Consolidation Methods on PET Nonwoven Composites for Thermal Insulation Use

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 405-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Wen Lou ◽  
Ching Wen Lin ◽  
Chia Chang Lin ◽  
S.J. Li ◽  
I.J. Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Thermal Consolidation ◽  
Pet Fibers

As available energy sources have grown increasingly scarce, people have started paying attention to their energy consumption. Although many methods for power generation are being actively investigated, efficient methods for solving energy problems must be based on reducing energy consumption. Thermal insulation can decrease heat energy loss and conserve energy waste, especially in the construction, transportation and industrial fields. In this study, polyester (PET) hollow fibers were blended with various ratios of low-melting-point PET fibers (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%). The fibers were blended using opening, carding, laying and needle punching (150 needles/cm2, 225 needles/cm2 and 300 needles/cm2) to prepare PET nonwoven fabrics. The PET nonwoven fabrics were thermally plate pressed (TPP) and air-through bonding (ATB). Thermal conductivity, physical properties and air permeability were investigated to identify the influence of manufacturing parameters on the PET nonwoven fabrics. The experimental results show that needle punching density, TPP and ATB would influence the thermal conductivity of PET nonwoven fabric, because the structure of PET nonwoven fabric was changed. The optimal parameters of PET nonwoven fabric clipped with an aluminum foil was used to evaluate the influence of aluminum foil on thermal conductivity. The PET nonwoven composite in this study can be used in industrial thermal insulation applications.

Polyethylene terephthalate/basalt stab-resistant sandwich composites based on the Box–Behnken design: Parameter optimization and empirical regression model

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 2391-2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ting Li ◽  
Xiayun Zhang ◽  
Liwei Wu ◽  
Haokai Peng ◽  
Bing-Chiuan Shiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Sandwich Composites ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Bursting Strength ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Stab Resistance

In this study, the thicknesswise fibers of the low-melting polyethylene terephthalate (LPET) nonwoven fabrics are needle punched and intertwined with the intra-laminar basalt fibers (BF) of basalt plain woven fabric in order to strengthen the stab-resistant property of LPET/BF sandwich composites as well as to fabricate armor that is composed of less lamination layers. Two LPET nonwoven fabrics and a BF plain woven fabric as an interlayer are laminated and combined using a needle-punch reinforcing method. The response surface analysis based on the Box–Behnken design is used to examine the influences of structure parameters of low-melting PET nonwoven fabrics including areal density (AD) and manufacture parameters including needle punching density (ND), and depth of needle punch (DP) on the spike stab resistance, knife stab resistance, bursting resistance, and tensile property. An empirical regression model of AD, ND, and DP is thereby established. The test results show that the bursting strength and quasi-static stab resistance of sandwich composites are highly dependent on AD and ND. Likewise, DP has a significant influence on the knife stab resistance and bursting strength, while the tensile strength is solely dependent on ND. According to the empirical regress model, the acquired optimal needle punching parameters of sandwich composites are an AD of 400 g/m2, ND of 143.77 needles/cm2, and DP of 6.41 mm. The 95% confidence interval yielded by the empirical regression model is in conformity with the test results. The empirical regression model of the stab resistance is proven to provide effective prediction of the number of lamination layers required by armor in the future.

The Design and Optimization of Nonwoven Composite Boards on Sound Absorption Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 365-366 ◽  
pp. 1217-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Hung Huang ◽  
Yu Chun Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Polyester Fiber ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Composite Board ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Absorption Performance

This study aims to investigate the optimal value of design parameters for the sound-absorbing nonwoven composite board. The number of laminated layers and thickness of polyester fiber are viewed as the design parameters for fabricating the nonwoven composite board. The 2D, 7D and 12D polyester fibers are individually mixed with 4D low-melting point polyester fiber to produce 2D polyester nonwoven fabric (2D-PETF), 7D polyester nonwoven fabric (7D-PETF) and 12D polyester nonwoven fabric (12D-PETF) respectively. The developed nonwoven fabrics are then used to fabricate 2D-PET, 7D-PET and 12D-PET nonwoven composite boards through the multiple needle-punching and thermal bonding techniques. The sound absorption performance of each PET composite board is carefully examined. The experimental results reveal that the 7D-PET composite board with 10 laminated layers has the optimal sound absorption performance.

Manufacturing Technique and Physical Properties of Environment-Protective Composite Nonwoven Fabrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
An Pang Chen ◽  
Jan Yi Lin ◽  
Ting An Lin ◽  
Ching Wen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Water Absorbency ◽  
Machine Direction ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Composite Nonwoven ◽  
Optimum Water

Rapid technical advancement threatens the earth ecology, driving people by degrees to develop green energy and green products. Tencel® fiber uses natural fibers. Products made of Tencel® fiber could be biodegraded, which solves the problems for the increasing consumptions of disposable nonwoven product. In this research, Tencel® fiber, polylactic acid (PLA) fiber, and high absorbent fiber (HAF) were used to produce Tencel®/PLA/HAF composite nonwoven fabrics. Among the nonwoven processing parameters, to increase the Tencel® fiber content helped heighten the water absorbency. When there were 80 wt% Tencel® fibers, the basis weight was 100 g/m2 and the needle-punching density was 300 needle/cm2, the Tencel®/PLA/HAF composite nonwoven fabric exhibited the optimum water absorbency in cross machine direction (CD), which was 5.0 cm. The air permeability of the Tencel®/PLA/HAF composite nonwoven fabrics reached 164.4 cm3/cm2/s when the basis weight was 100 g/m2 and the needle-punching density was 300 needle/cm2

Manufacturing Technique and Mechanical Properties of Environment-Protective Composite Nonwoven Fabrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 2673-2676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
An Pang Chen ◽  
Jan Yi Lin ◽  
Ting An Lin ◽  
Ching Wen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
International Economy ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Recycled Fiber ◽  
Lyocell Fiber ◽  
Composite Nonwoven ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters

Ecological environment deteriorates drastically and rapidly, which can be ascribed to the fast advancement of international economy and technique. Hence, people become green consumers, using green products. The series of lyocell fiber, called as recycled fiber, has been pervasively used. This study used Tencel® fiber, Polylactic Acid (PLA) fiber and high absorbent fiber as well as nonwoven manufacturing, creating Tencel®/PLA/HAF composite nonwoven fabrics. Among the manufacturing parameters, an increase in Tencel® fiber ratio, needle-punching density and basis weight all contributed to heighten the mechanical properties of nonwoven fabrics. In particular, the Tencel®/PLA/HAF composite nonwoven fabric exhibited an optimum tensile strength of 68.8 N and bursting strength of 193.7 N when Tencel® fiber ratio was over 80 wt%, basis weight was 200 g/m2 and needle-punching density was 300 needle/cm2.

Investigation of the Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Carded and Needle Bonded Nonwoven Fabrics Produced at Different Ratios with Conductive Steel Fibers

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000
Author(s):  
Mustafa Sabri Özen
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Electromagnetic Shielding ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Stainless Steel Fiber ◽  
Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness

The number of electrical and electronic devices in our daily life has increased. The devices produce electromagnetic waves which harm human and environments. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the reduction and control of electromagnetic waves. The paper focuses on shielding of electromagnetic waves of nonwoven fabrics produced with needle punching technology from conductive stainless steel fibers. The needle punched nonwoven fabrics were produced with carding and needle punching technology by blending stainless steel fibers and normal staple polyester fibers at different ratios for electromagnetic shielding applications. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the nonwoven fabrics with conductive stainless steel fibers was tested. After blending of stainless steel fibers and normal polyester fibers, the webs were formed by a wool-type carding machine and the after web folding operation, the webs were bonded by needle punching at constant working parameters. During production, the needle punch densities per cm2 and needle penetration depth per mm were kept constant. Bulky needle punched nonwoven fabrics with low needling density were produced. The main objective of our research was to develop the nonwoven fabric for shielding against electromagnetic waves. In addition, the effect of the stainless steel fiber ratio used in the needle punched nonwoven fabrics on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness was investigated. After production, the thicknesses of the needle punched nonwoven fabrics were tested. The electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, reflection and absorption values of the needle punched nonwoven fabric samples were measured at the frequency range of 15-3000MHz and presented in table and graphics. As the ratio of stainless steel fibers used in the nonwoven fabric increased, Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness values (EMSE) were increased in a linear manner and obtained results were discussed. It was found that the electromagnetic waves were shielded about 90% at high frequencies, 85% at medium frequencies, and 80% at low frequencies by needle punched nonwoven fabric with 5% conductive stainless steel fiber. The EMSE values such as 20dB, 25dB and 45dB were obtained at low frequency ranges (0–300MHz and 25dB, medium frequency ranges, 300-1200MHz and 45dB, and high frequency ranges, 1200-3000MHz) with the needle punched nonwoven fabric containing 25% conductive stainless steel fiber.

Mechanical behavior of flax/polypropylene commingled nonwoven at dry scale: Influence of process parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Gnaba ◽  
Fatma Omrani ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Damien Soulat ◽  
Manuela Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Needle Punching

Currently, nonwoven fabrics made with natural and thermoplastic commingled fibers have been extensively used in the composite industry due to their light weight and low processing and material costs. As two key parameters in the manufacturing of nonwoven fabrics, the needle-punching and material surface densities influence strongly the mechanical properties of nonwoven fabrics and their reinforced composite parts. Compared to most studies focused on the composite stage, the present experimental investigation is performed at the dry fabric stage, and the influence of the needle-punching and material surface densities on the mechanical behavior of nonwoven fabrics will be analyzed through tensile and bending tests. The results show that increasing the material surface of the nonwoven fabric leads to a better mechanical behavior, but that such variations do not modify the phenomenon of anisotropy of nonwoven fabrics. By contrast, increasing the needle-punching density can strengthen generally the homogeneity of nonwoven fabrics.

scholarly journals A Textile Waste Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composite: Comparison between Short Random Fiber and Textile Reinforcement

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3742
Author(s):  
Payam Sadrolodabaee ◽  
Josep Claramunt ◽  
Mònica Ardanuy ◽  
Albert de la Fuente
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Textile Waste ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
The One ◽  
Garment And Textile

Currently, millions of tons of textile waste from the garment and textile industries are generated worldwide each year. As a promising option in terms of sustainability, textile waste fibers could be used as internal reinforcement of cement-based composites by enhancing ductility and decreasing crack propagation. To this end, two extensive experimental programs were carried out, involving the use of either fractions of short random fibers at 6–10% by weight or nonwoven fabrics in 3–7 laminate layers in the textile waste-reinforcement of cement, and the mechanical and durability properties of the resulting composites were characterized. Flexural resistance in pre- and post-crack, toughness, and stiffness of the resulting composites were assessed in addition to unrestrained drying shrinkage testing. The results obtained from those programs were analyzed and compared to identify the optimal composite and potential applications. Based on the results of experimental analysis, the feasibility of using this textile waste composite as a potential construction material in nonstructural concrete structures such as facade cladding, raised floors, and pavements was confirmed. The optimal composite was proven to be the one reinforced with six layers of nonwoven fabric, with a flexural strength of 15.5 MPa and a toughness of 9.7 kJ/m2.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document