Development, investigation and evaluation of smart multifunctional socks

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372097016
Author(s):  
Laimutė Stygienė ◽  
Sandra Varnaitė-Žuravliova ◽  
Aušra Abraitienė ◽  
Audronė Sankauskaitė ◽  
Virginija Skurkytė-Papievienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Insect Repellents ◽  
Functional Additives ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Single Jersey

The use of a new generation chemical fibers with various functional additives offers new possibilities for the development of advanced (multi)functional textile products. Such compounds as phase change materials (PCMs), metals (like cooper, silver), also natural or chemical insect repellents, FIR emitting ceramic particles and etc. incorporated into fibres’ structure are essential for development of knitted fabrics directly contacting to the skin with effective thermoregulation and such protective properties as: antimicrobial, antistatic, repellence against blood sucking insects. The main parts of socks investigated were knitted in plain plated single jersey pattern. The 3-ply twisted yarns of new structures were used in the outer layer of socks. Yarns were made by using single yarns with PCMs, insect repellent permethrin, ceramic and silver additives containing fibres (Cell Solution® Clima, Cell Solution® Protection, Resistex® Silver). The inner layer of socks was made of polyester (PES) 3-ply twisted yarns with different number of filaments resulted in different structures of socks’ fabric. Based on all obtained thermoregulating and protective characteristics of investigated different knitted fabric structures of socks, the optimal knitted socks were selected. The obtained results of investigations are significant for the development of other knitted fabrics worn next to the skin.

scholarly journals An Investigation On Air and Thermal Transmission Through Knitted Fabric Structures Using the Taguchi Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindya Ghosh ◽  
Prithwiraj Mal ◽  
Abhijit Majumdar ◽  
Debamalya Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Air Permeability ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Loop Length ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Yarn Count ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Noise Factors ◽  
Single Jersey ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

Abstract Knitted fabrics have excellent comfort properties because of their typical porous structure. Different comfort properties of knitted fabrics such as air permeability, thermal absorptivity, and thermal conductivity depend on the properties of raw material and knitting parameters. In this paper, an investigation was done to observe the effect of yarn count, loop length, knitting speed, and yarn input tension in the presence of two uncontrollable noise factors on selected comfort properties of single jersey and 1×1 rib knitted fabrics using the Taguchi experimental design. The results show that yarn count and loop length have significant influence on the thermo-physiological comfort properties of knitted fabrics.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort Properties of Bi-layer Knitted Fabric structure for Volleyball Sportswear

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thangamuthu Suganthi ◽  
Pandurangan Senthilkumar ◽  
Venugopal Dipika
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Single Jersey

The thermal comfort properties of different knitted fabric structures made from modal, polypropylene and micro denier polyester were studied for volleyball sportswear. Eleven knitted fabrics were produced, in which three samples were single jersey, two plated and six bi-layer knitted structures. The air permeability, water vapour permeability, thermal conductivity, wicking and drying ability of bi-layer knitted fabric made up of polypropylene as the inner layer and modal as the outer layer with one tuck point of repeat were found to be higher as compared to other bi-layer, plated and single jersey structures. Both theobjective and subjective results show that bi-layer knitted fabric with polypropylene as the inner layer and modal as the outer layer with one tuck point of repeat is mostly suitablefor sportswear. The results are discussed together with multivariate ANOVA test results ata 95% significance level.

Development of Coolsmart Functional Knitted Fabrics

2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Qing Feng ◽  
Yan Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Machine Code ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Bacterial Function ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Selection Of

Based on the main features of coolsmart fiber and the theory of knitted fabric structures， two structures of sports and leisure knitted fabrics with fast moisture absorption, description and anti-bacterial function are introduced in this article, detailing the selection of raw materials, pattern formation effect, the machine code organization and cam set out.

scholarly journals Knitting Force Measurement on Flat Knitting Machines

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. Fouda ◽  
A. El-Hadidy ◽  
A. El-Deeb
Keyword(s):  
Force Measurement ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Optimal Production ◽  
Twist Factor ◽  
Machine Parts ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Single Jersey ◽  
Production Conditions

Knittability can be defined as the ability of yarns to run on knitting machines without problems. Knittability can be achieved when less stress is applied on the knitting machine parts by the knitting yarns. This paper presents a novel measuring system for the knitting force needed to perform knitting yarns on flat knitting machine based on data acquisition system (DAS). The proposed system is used to measure the knitting force at different machine settings and different properties of the knitting yarns to determine the optimal production conditions. For this reason, three types of knitted fabric structures (single jersey, Rib 1 × 1, and full cardigan) with three different loop lengths and five different twists of ply yarn were produced. The obtained results showed the optimal yarn ply twist factor (αe) which gave minimum knitting force (less stress on needles or knitting yarns) at different loop lengths for each structure.

scholarly journals Changes of the Knitted Fabric Properties due to Exposure to Outdoor Natural Weathering

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900
Author(s):  
Ivana Salopek Cubric ◽  
Vesna Marija Potocic Matkovic ◽  
Zenun Skenderi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Natural Weathering ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vertical Density ◽  
Single Jersey

In order to investigate the changes of knitted fabric properties due to exposure to outdoor natural weathering, a series of single jersey fabrics made from different raw materials was produced. The fabrics were exposed to summer weather conditions in duration of three months. The exposure of knitted fabrics to outdoor natural weathering in the summer period affected all investigated properties, namely, structural properties, tensile properties and heat resistance. The most significant changes were: the vertical density increased up to 31%, the mass per unit area increased up to 26%, the breaking force decreased in both directions for up to 54% and the heat resistance decreased up to 18%.

Prediction of deformation behavior of single jersey cotton knitted fabrics using finite element method

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Perumalsamy ◽  
J.C. Sakthivel ◽  
N. Anbumani
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Loop Length ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Single Jersey

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the stress-strain relationships of single-jersey knitted fabrics from uniaxial tensile test followed by deformation behavior using finite element analysis. In order to elaborate the study, high, medium and low tightness knitted fabrics were selected and deformation of fabrics analyzed in course, wales and bias directions (0, 45 and 90 degrees). Design/methodology/approach – This study focussed on uni-axial tensile test of produced test samples using Instron 6021 tester and a development of single-jersey knitted loop model using Auto Desk Inventor software (ADI). The knitted fabric material properties and knitted loop model was imported to ANSYS 12.0 software. Findings – Due to structural changes the tightness and thickness of knitted fabric decreases with increase in loop length The tensile result shows maximum breaking strength at course direction (13.43 kg f/mm2 at 2.7 mm) and maximum extension at wales direction (165.77 kg f/mm2 at 3.3 mm). When the loop length increases, the elongation of fabrics increased and load carrying capacity of fabrics reduced. The Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and shear modulus of fabrics reduced with increase in loop length. The deformation of fabrics increased with increase in loop length. The increase in loop length gives large amount of structural changes and it is due to slacking or jamming in loops and loosening in dimensions. When comparing the deformation results, the variation within the fabric is higher and structural damage little more when increasing the loop length of the fabric. Originality/value – From ANOVA test, stress and strain distribution was statistically significant among course, wales and bias directions at 95 percent confidence level. The values got from Instron test indicates that testing direction can alter its deformation. In deformation analysis, comparing both experimental and prediction, high amount of structural changes observed in wales direction. The used tetrahedral elements can be used for contact analysis with high accuracy. For non-linear problems, consistent approach was proposed which makes the sense to compare with experimental methods. The proposed model will make possible developments and the preliminary validation tests shows good agreement with experimental data.

scholarly journals ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ТРАДИЦІЙНИХ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ ОЗДОБЛЕННЯ В СУЧАСНОМУ ОДЯЗІ

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Л. М. Мельник ◽  
А. С. Конотоп ◽  
О. П. Кизимчук
Keyword(s):  
Modern Technology ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Technology Research ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Women's Clothing ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Knitted Structure ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Women's Dress

The purpose of this work is to establish the possibility of the decorating of modern women's clothes with artistic elements and ornaments of traditional national clothes of Ukraine different regions and their subsequent reproduction in knitwear. Methods of literary-analytical review and visual-analytical research are used.The elements of clothing decoration that are characteristic of ethnic Ukrainian clothing have been defined during the research. The structures of knitted fabrics based on on openwork, plated and interlooping with unrolling, which simulate different merezhka of traditional Ukrainian embroidery, have been developed in this study. The few variants of simple mesh are offered: narrow one made on the basis of the rib 1 + 1 with an unrolling; narrow complex canvas - on the basis of openwork interlooping; wide (more than 2 cm) canvas - on the basis of a plated interlooping. The model of the women's dress is executed in the semi-regular way on two-bar flat-knitted machine, using the developed variants of knitted fabric structures. Taking into account the traditions of an arrangement of the embroidery decoration elements and modern fashion trends, it is proposed to use a narrow simple snap-net to decorate the neck of the product, a wide snap-net, having a plant ornament to knit 2/3 of the bottom of the sleeve. The narrow canvas is also used as a connecting element of the sleeve parts made with various interlooping. The decoration elements of national Ukrainian clothes have been investigated and reproduced in women's knitted dress by new knitted structure creation taking into account modern technology. Research results can be used to expand the range of modern women's clothing

scholarly journals A study on porosity related aspects of cotton knitted fabric with single jersey structure for improved comfort application for garment

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Stitch Density ◽  
Stitch Length ◽  
To Come ◽  
Cotton Knitted Fabric ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Single Jersey

Knitted fabrics are the preferred structures in athletic wear in which demand for comfort is a key requirement. Heat and liquid sweat generation during athletic & exercise activities must be transported out and dissipated to the atmosphere. A key property influencing such behaviors is porosity. Two parameters that characterize it are pore size and pore volume. One of the objectives in this research was to come up with models that can predict inter yarn pore size and pore volume for simple weft knitted structures, from fabric particulars, such as courses and Wales, count, yarn size, stitch density, thickness and other geometrical details of the fabric, which characterize the structure. Such a model was developed that was based on the geometry of the unit cell of a single loop. The experimental work in this project involved using a set of 16 knitted fabrics that differ in course count and examining their pore structure and porosity related characteristics. The values of pore size and pore volume were calculated, those of pore size were measured with image analysis, and other parameters. The effects of course count and washing on stitch density, stitch length, fabric thickness and pore size are examined in details.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FIBER CROSS-SECTIONAL SHAPE AND TEXTURING TEMPERATURE ON KNITTED FABRIC AIR PERMEABILITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Halil İbrahim ÇELİK ◽  
Hatice Kübra KAYNAK ◽  
Esin SARIOĞLU ◽  
Gizem KARAKAN GÜNAYDIN
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Process Temperature ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Polyester Filament ◽  
Process Factors ◽  
Sectional Shape ◽  
Single Jersey

Texturized yarns are often preferred especially in home textiles and sportswear. To improve polyester filament properties, mechanical, thermal, chemical and combinations of texturing processes are applied. With these processes, filament yarns take on a curved and voluminous structure and gain a permanent form. Properties of the texturized yarn can be varied as raw materials properties, machine type and process factors. This study covers the investigation of the effect of cross-sectional shape of fiber (round and trilobal) and texturing process temperature (150, 175 and 200 0C) on air permeability of false twist textured polyester single jersey knitted fabrics. Results showed that the highest air permeability value was obtained from knitted fabric with round fiber cross-sectional shape polyester filament textured at 150 0C. According to the statistical analysis, both the fiber cross-sectional shape and process temperature were found to have a significant effect on air permeability property.

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