Effect of S-2304 wire-mesh angle in hemp/flax composite on mechanical and twist drilling surface response analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372098847
Author(s):  
Prabu Krishnasamy ◽  
G Rajamurugan ◽  
B Muralidharan ◽  
Akshay P Arbat ◽  
Bendre Parag Kishorkumar
Keyword(s):  
Feed Rate ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Surface Response Analysis ◽  
Central Composite

Natural fiber-based composite materials have found wide applications in Automotive, Aerospace, and Marine Industries. The current study presents the composite preparation, mechanical characterization, and machining behavior of hybrid composite. The fabricated hybrid composite consists of natural fibers (hemp and flax), resin (epoxy and hardener), and S-2304 wire mesh of different orientations (45° and 90°). The mechanical characterization was performed through tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness with ASTM samples. The FRW45 hybrid composite had shown an excellent tensile strength of 43 MPa and 31.57% higher than that of FRW90. Moreover, the FRW45 (82 MPa) flexural strength has shown better results than the HRW45 (76 MPa) composite. The machining performance was studied by drilling experiments, designed by the central composite design (CCD) to study the significant input parameters such as type of composite, speed, and feed rate. The obtained results revealed that torque reduces with the enhancement in feed rate for all types of composites. It was also noticed that at 500 rpm spindle speed, the delamination factor was comparatively 35.03% lower in HRW45 and 58% in HRW90 compared to HR composite. The fiber fracture voids and delamination failures were observed through fractography analysis.

Optimization of Furfural Production from Xylose by RSM Using Chromium Sulfate as Catalyst

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Ming Qiang Chen ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Strong Influence ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Surface Response Analysis ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Chromium Sulfate ◽  
Furfural Production

Optimization of chromium sulfate catalyzed conversion conditions of xylose into furfural was studied by response surfacemethodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the effects of independent variables, including temperature (120-160°C), time (30-150min), catalyst loading (1-5mmol) and moles of xylose (2.5-12.5mmol) on furfural yield, xylose conversion and solid residue. The surface response analysis revealed that temperature, time, catalyst loading and moles of xylose had a strong influence on the furfural yield, whereas moles of xylose was found to be notsignificant for xylose conversion. The solid residue was affected by temperature, time and moles of xylose. The maximumpredicted furfural yield was 45.07% at temperature of 150°C, time of 12min, catalyst loading of 2 mmol and moles of xylose of 10mmol. Under this condition, xylose conversion could be reached 100%.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Natural-Fiber-Reinforced Biobased Epoxy Resins Manufactured by Resin Infusion Process

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Torres-Arellano ◽  
Victoria Renteria-Rodríguez ◽  
Edgar Franco-Urquiza
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
New Applications

This work deals with the manufacture and mechanical characterization of natural-fiber-reinforced biobased epoxy resins. Biolaminates are attractive to various industries because they are low-density, biodegradable, and lightweight materials. Natural fibers such as Ixtle, Henequen, and Jute were used as reinforcing fabrics for two biobased epoxy resins from Sicomin®. The manufacture of the biolaminates was carried out through the vacuum-assisted resin infusion process. The mechanical characterization revealed the Jute biolaminates present the highest stiffness and strength, whereas the Henequen biolaminates show high strain values. The rigid and semirigid biolaminates obtained in this work could drive new applications targeting industries that require lightweight and low-cost sustainable composites.

Synthesis and Mechanical Characterization of Sisal-Epoxy and Hybrid-Epoxy Composites in Comparison with Conventional Fiber Glass-Epoxy Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 984-985 ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
K. Hari Ram ◽  
R. Edwin Raj
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Natural Glass

Polymer composites reinforced with natural fibers have been developed in recent years, showing significant potential for various engineering applications due to their inherent sustainability, low cost, light weight and comparable mechanical strength. Sisal is a natural fiber extracted from leaves of Agave Sisalana plants and substituted for natural glass fiber. Six different combinations of specimens were prepared with sisal, sisal-glass and glass fibers with epoxy as matrix at two different fiber orientation of 0-90° and ±45°. Mechanical characterization such as tensile, flexural and impact testing were done to analyze their mechanical strength. It is found that the hybrid composite sisal-glass-epoxy has better and comparable mechanical properties with conventional glass-epoxy composite and thus provides a viable, sustainable alternate polymer composite.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization of Jute-Carbon-E Glass Sandwich Panel Hybrid Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S5) ◽  
pp. 176-179
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Sandwich Panel ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Insulating Properties

A sandwich- honeycomb structured panel hybrid composite has been prepared using jute –carbon – E glass fibersepoxy resign and polyurethane foams. A sandwich is a special class of composite materials that is fabricated by attaching two thin but stiff skins to a lightweight but thick core. The jute material has been used as core which is normally natural fiber which is biodegradable good insulating properties, high tensile strength, low extensibility, and ensures better breathability. Carbon fiber and E glass fiber used as faces sheets. In this paper mechanical characterization of Jute-Carbon-E Glass Sandwich Panel Hybrid Composite has been carried out and in particular compression, impact, flexural and hardness test.

scholarly journals BENDING STRENGTH OF HYBRID COMPOSITE OF GLASS AND NATURAL FIBER PHINEAGE LEAVES

Vortex ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fachnoor Latuconsina ◽  
Istyawan Priyahapsara
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Pineapple Leaves

The development of composite fibers has developed very much, and to reduce the environmental impact, composite fibers use natural fiber alternatives. The development of composite fibers has developed very much, and to reduce the environmental impact, composite fibers use natural fiber alternatives. One of the natural fibers that are commonly used is natural fiber from pineapple leaves, where natural fiber from ananas leaves is still very minimal in its commercial use and is only considered as waste

Effect of Drilling Force on Delamination of Abaca/Kenaf/Carbon Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Venkatasudhahar ◽  
R. Velu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Materials ◽  
Drill Diameter ◽  
Tool Diameter

Background: Natural fiber reinforced materials with polymer matrix finds many applications in industries due to its excellent property. Fiber laminate composite materials have been researched around the globe and were tested to determine its beneficial properties for specific purposes. These composite materials have improved to withstand external loads. However, drilling of composite has remained a difficult task because of its anisotropic material properties. Methods: In this study abaca and kenaf woven mat with the carbon woven mat are laminated using epoxy resin (HY 951) and hardener (LY556) as matrix element while preparing the hybrid composite materials. The drilling operations are carried out using automatic feed computer controlled vertical axis drilling machine. Results: It is found that the drilling force, delamination peel up and push out for the composite material depended on feed rates, drill bit diameters and speeds respectively. The optimal input parameters are obtained using Taguchi L27 orthogonal array, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) methods. It is observed that lower feed, smaller drill diameter and moderate speed provided high quality drilled hole. The drilled-hole quality, drilling damages are observed by using profile projector. Conclusion: The following conclusion can be drawn from the present investigation on drilling of reinforced composite materials drilled in different conditions. Feed rate is the important factor compared to the feed and the tool diameter. When feed rate is increased, thrust force also increases. However, thrust force decreases when the cutting speed increases. Feed influenced the thrust force instead of speed and torque during drilling. The drilling induced damages are minimum during lower feed and lower diameter drill. Hence, lower drill diameter, lower feed rate and medium speed are more suitable for drilling the hybrid composites.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization of Gigantochloa Scortechinii Bamboo Fiber with E-Glass/Epoxy Hybrid Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-110
Author(s):  
Aidy Ali ◽  
Kannan Rassiah ◽  
M.M.H. Megat Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Epoxy Polymer ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Laminated Bamboo ◽  
Composite Layers

Natural fiber-reinforced composites are essential for the growth of polymer composite technology. The key goal of this study is to utilize the natural bamboo Gigantochloa scortechinii, which is obtained in Melaka, Malaysia. In this study, the mechanical properties of woven bamboo, epoxy polymer, and E-glass hybrid composite were characterized. Woven bamboo laminates were woven from bamboo strips, and the hybrid composites were obtained by manually stacking alternating 2-6 laminates of woven bamboo, E-glass, and epoxy. The findings show that increasing the woven bamboo layers from 2 to 6 did not improve the tensile strength, modulus, impact, and flexural strength. However, the hardness strength was increased. Overall, the minimum or maximum number of laminated bamboo fiber/E-glass/epoxy hybrid composite layers can be used in various product applications.

scholarly journals Mechanical characterization and machining performance evaluation of rice husk/epoxy an agricultural waste based composite material

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naman Jain ◽  
Kritika Singh Somvanshi ◽  
Prakash Chandra Gope ◽  
V. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Thrust Force ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Electron Microscope Image

AbstractNatural fibers from agricultural waste have received more attraction than traditional synthetic fibers in recent years. In present investigation epoxy/rice husk composite has been fabricated to utilize the agricultural waste which can be recycled easily and overcome the pollution problems due to smoke and fine silica ash. Study of interfacial bonding and dispersion of rice husk in epoxy resin has been studied through scanning electron microscope image. Characterization of fabricated composites has been done by mechanical properties. Ultimate tensile strength, Young’s Modulus and hardness are highest at 10 wt.% of rice husk particle and their values are 66.5 MPa, 616.46 MPa and 16.8 HV respectively. Machinability of epoxy/rice husk composites has been determined through drilling operation. Effect of feed rate (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm/rev), speed (300, 600 and 900 rpm) and wt.% of reinforcement (10, 15 & 20) have been studied on machinability of epoxy/rice husk composites. Taguchi L27 orthogonal array has been applied to conduct the experiments to evaluate the performance characteristics viz thrust force and torque. Weight percentage was found the most significant factor for machinability followed by feed rate and speed.

scholarly journals Delamination and Manufacturing Defects in Natural Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composite: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1323
Author(s):  
M. J. Suriani ◽  
Hannah Zalifah Rapi ◽  
R. A. Ilyas ◽  
Michal Petrů ◽  
S. M. Sapuan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Reinforced Composite

In recent years, most boat fabrication companies use 100% synthetic fiber-reinforced composite materials, due to their high performance of mechanical properties. In the new trend of research on the fabrication of boat structure using natural fiber hybrid with kevlar/fiberglass-reinforced composite, the result of tensile, bending, and impact strength showed that glass fiber-reinforced polyester composite gave high strength with increasing glass fiber contents. At some point, realizing the cost of synthetic fiber is getting higher, researchers today have started to use natural fibers that are seen as a more cost-effective option. Natural fibers, however, have some disadvantages, such as high moisture absorption, due to repelling nature; low wettability; low thermal stability; and quality variation, which lead to the degradation of composite properties. In recent times, hybridization is recommended by most researchers as a solution to natural fiber’s weaknesses and to reduce the use of synthetic fibers that are not environmentally friendly. In addition, hybrid composite has its own special advantages, i.e., balanced strength and stiffness, reduced weight and cost, improved fatigue resistance and fracture toughness, and improved impact resistance. The synthetic–nature fiber hybrid composites are used in a variety of applications as a modern material that has attracted most manufacturing industries’ attention to shift to using the hybrid composite. Some of the previous studies stated that delamination and manufacturing had influenced the performance of the hybrid composites. In order to expand the use of natural fiber as a successful reinforcement in hybrid composite, the factor that affects the manufacturing defects needs to be investigated. In this review paper, a compilation of the reviews on the delamination and a few common manufacturing defect types illustrating the overview of the impact on the mechanical properties encountered by most of the composite manufacturing industries are presented.

Information in United States Patents on works related to ‘Natural Fibers’: 2000-2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krittirash Yorseng ◽  
Mavinkere R. Sanjay ◽  
Jiratti Tengsuthiwat ◽  
Harikrishnan Pulikkalparambil ◽  
Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Structural Applications

Background: This era has seen outstanding achievements in materials science through the advances in natural fiber-based composites. The new environmentally friendly and sustainability concerns have imposed the chemists, biologists, researchers, engineers, and scientists to discover the engineering and structural applications of natural fiber reinforced composites. Objective: To present a comprehensive evaluation of information from 2000 to 2018 in United States patents in the field of natural fibers and their composite materials. Methods: The patent data have been taken from the external links of US patents such as IFI CLAIMS Patent Services, USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet, Global Dossier, and Discuss. Results: The present world scenario demands the usage of natural fibers from agricultural and forest byproducts as a reinforcement material for fiber reinforced composites. Natural fibers can be easily extracted from plants and animals. Recently natural fiber in nanoscale is preferred over micro and macro scale fibers due to its superior thermo-mechanical properties. However, the choice of macro, micro, and nanofibers depends on their applications. Conclusion: This document presents a comprehensive evaluation of information from 2000 to 2018 in United States patents in the field of natural fibers and their composite materials.

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