Prevalence of Chronic Illness and Risk Factors for Chronic Illness Among Patients With Venous Leg Ulceration: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction. Chronic illness and risk factors for chronic illness are rising public health concerns for individuals and health care systems. Individuals with venous leg ulceration (VLU) have at least one chronic illness. As there is a projected increase in VLU prevalence there is a need to determine concurrent prevalence of risk factors for chronic illness among this population. Methods. A cross-sectional design conducted in 8 community, nurse-led, leg ulcer clinics. Results. Fifty patients (58%, n = 29 females) were enrolled. Seventy percent were >65 years old; 90% had at least one chronic illness; 60% had hypertension; 30% had atrial fibrillation; 18% had diabetes; 18% heart failure; and 28.6% musculoskeletal conditions. All had at least one risk factors for chronic illness (mean = 2.26), the most frequent being overweight (30%), obesity (30%), high cholesterol (22.2%), and restricted physical activity (22%). Participants took a mean 5.2 medications daily and 26% were on current oral antibiotics. Conclusions. Comprehensive, holistic assessment and regular reassessment with a preventative focus needs to consider chronic illness and risk factors for chronic illness. Patients with VLU are in frequent contact with their multidisciplinary team. This is an opportunity to improve care and make every encounter count.

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Diabetes, pre-diabetes and their risk factors in Malta: a study profile of national cross-sectional prevalence study

Global Health Epidemiology and Genomics ◽

10.1017/gheg.2016.18 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

S. Cuschieri ◽

J. Vassallo ◽

N. Calleja ◽

N. Pace ◽

J. Mamo

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Effective Prevention ◽

Global Epidemic ◽

Population Sampling ◽

Care Systems ◽

Nationally Representative

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus constitutes a global epidemic and a major burden on health care systems across the world. Prevention of this disease is essential, and the development of effective prevention strategies requires validated information on the disease burden and the risk factors. Embarking on a nationally representative cross-sectional study is challenging and costly. Few countries undertake this process regularly, if at all.MethodThis paper sets out the evidence-based protocol of a recent cross-sectional study that was conducted in Malta. Data collection took place from November 2014 to January 2016.ResultsThis study presents up-to-date national data on diabetes and its risk factors (such as obesity, smoking, physical activity and alcohol intake) that will soon be publicly available.ConclusionThis protocol was compiled so that the study can be replicated in other countries. The protocol contains step-by-step descriptions of the study design, including details on the population sampling, the permissions required and the validated measurement tools used.

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PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR OCCURRENCE OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES IN NEONATES AT HOSPITAL FOR CHILD AND MATERNITY IN MISAN PROVINCE

Periódico Tchê Química ◽

10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.1192_periodico36_pgs_1176_1185.pdf ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (36) ◽

pp. 1176-1185

Author(s):

Esraa Abd Almuhsen ALI ◽

Hussein Fadhil ALJAWADI

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Defects ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Action Plan ◽

Central Nervous System Involvement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Considerable Effect ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Systems ◽

Congenital Disabilities

Congenital disabilities affect a remarkable proportion of neonates and have a significant role in hospital admission, morbidity, and pediatrics mortality. Besides, the long-term morbidity and disability caused by birth defects may have a considerable effect on the development of the child and family and health care systems. In Misan, congenital disabilities are considered a third common cause of neonatal mortality. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, types, and risk factors of congenital disabilities to have an action plan toward preventing the occurrence of these defects. A cross-sectional study performed in the neonatal care unit in Misan Hospital for Child and Maternity during the period of two years (2018 and 2019). Misan province is located in the South East of Iraq. The information was collected from the files of patients and registration records. Any delivered a live neonate with birth defects was enrolled in this study. These cases were diagnosed depending on history, clinical examination supported by other investigations, and radiographic studies whenever needed. The prevalence rates of congenital disabilities were 7.1/1000 and 6.6/1000 live birth in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Central nervous system involvement was the most typical pattern. Congenital disabilities were more frequent in male, single, and term babies of maternal age 18-35 years living in an urban area with a consanguinity history. Thus, the prevalence rate of congenital disabilities was notably high in Misan. Efforts toward prevention, as well as improving the prenatal diagnosis, would be essential.

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Awareness amongst Non-teaching Professionals Regarding COVID-19 in a Rural Teaching Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/47320.14532 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ervilla Dass ◽

Maulin D Mehta

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vernacular Language ◽

Care Systems ◽

Precautionary Measures ◽

Global Threat ◽

Rural Teaching

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has enforced a huge burden on the primary health care systems around the world to deal with this global health challenge. The recent global threat of this pandemic is rapidly progressing and has placed a high priority on investigation of medicaments. The rapid rise in COVID-19 occurred during the first week of March 2020, wherein, cases of COVID-19 reached over 100 countries with more than 100,000 cases reported. Aim: To assess the knowledge and perception regarding COVID-19 amongst non-teaching professionals of a rural teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and was conducted over a period of two months from start of May, 2020 to end of June, 2020. Total number of participants enrolled were 70. Each questionnaire had a total of 27 questions in their vernacular language, through which their knowledge (9 questions) and perception (18 questions) regarding COVID-19 were assessed. Moreover, one question related to five steps of the 20 second handwash technique was also included with pictorial graphics. Questionnaires filled by the participants were collected for statistical analysis and the results were expressed as percentage. Results: A total of 70 participants were included in the present study. Regarding questions related to knowledge of coronavirus, 91.43% of participants had heard about the recent coronavirus. However, 68.57% were not aware about coronavirus spread from person-to-person through small drops from the nose or mouth, that can be dispersed widely through an infected person when they cough or breathe. Nearly 44.29% participants knew that coronavirus can cause difficulty in breathing. Concerning questions related to prevention and safety, all the participants were aware of wearing face masks. Conclusion: Though majority of the participants are aware about coronavirus, they had lack of in-depth knowledge as seen in their perception of knowledge through detailed questions. Hence, there is a need for increased awareness regarding the symptoms, implementation of precautionary measures and guidelines laid down by the authorities from time to time.

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Preoperative assessment of cognitive function and risk assessment of cognitive impairment in elderly patients with orthopedics: A cross-sectional study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21415/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shuyuan Gan ◽

Yang Yu ◽

Jiateng Wu ◽

Xiaodong Tang ◽

Yueying Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Subjective Sleep ◽

High Cholesterol Level

Abstract Background Preexisting cognitive impairment is emerging as a predictor of poor postoperative outcomes in seniors. Nevertheless, cognitive impairment in a large proportion of geriatric patients has not been well identified and diagnosed.Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Mini-mental state examination scale was used to assess cognitive function of elderly patients aged ≥ 65 years undergoing orthopedic surgery preoperatively. The baseline, living habits and laboratory examination results of the two groups were compared, and multivariate Logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of preoperative cognitive impairment.Results A total of 374 elderly patients with orthopedics met the inclusion criteria, and 28.61% with preoperative cognitive impairment. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.089, P<0.001), subjective sleep disorders (OR=1.996, P=0.021), atherosclerosis (OR=2.367, P=0.017), high cholesterol level (OR=1.373, P=0.028) were independent risk factors for preoperative cognitive impairment, while high education level performed as a protective factor (Compared with illiterate group, primary school group: OR=-0.885, P=0.009; middle school or above group: OR=-2.118, P<0.001).Conclusions The prevalence of preoperative cognitive dysfunction in geriatric elective orthopedic surgical patients was high. Our study identified venerable age, low level of education, subjective sleep disorders, atherosclerosis, high cholesterol level as risk factors for preoperative cognitive impairment in these patients. Understanding these risk factors contribute to assist in prevention and directed interventions for the high-risk population.

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Comparing diagnostic delay in cancer: a cross-sectional study in three European countries with primary care-led health care systems

Family Practice ◽

10.1093/fampra/cmr044 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 69-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

P. Murchie ◽

N. C. Campbell ◽

E. K. Delaney ◽

G.-J. Dinant ◽

P. C. Hannaford ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Diagnostic Delay ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

European Countries ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Systems

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Public’s Perception and Satisfaction on the Health Care System in Sultanate of Oman: A Cross-Sectional Study

Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1721554 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (04) ◽

pp. 214-219

Author(s):

Humaid Al-Kalbani ◽

Tariq Al-Saadi ◽

Ahmed Al-Kumzari ◽

Hassan Al-Bahrani

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Private Health Care ◽

Sultanate Of Oman ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Care Systems

Abstract Objective There are no “gold standard” parameters to measure patient satisfaction regarding the health care system provided by the government. Most of the developed countries have well-structured health care systems, and they depend on patient satisfaction to evaluate and optimize performance and activities of such systems. The study was conducted to evaluate the Omani population’s satisfaction toward public and private health care systems existing in the country. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with a predesigned and pretested questionnaire that was sent to all regions of the Sultanate of Oman via an electronic link. The questionnaire included 22 questions divided into two sections: (1) public and private health care systems in Oman, and (2) abroad treatments. Results The response rate of the 11 Oman’s governorates was 73.9%. There was an association between gender, age, marital status, and the level of education with the preference for local private hospital’s treatment (p < 0.001). Both males (88.1%) and females (83.9%) preferred to be treated by Omani doctors. The association between gender and the preference to be treated by the Omani doctors was statistically significant (p = 0.016). There was a significant relationship between the overall patient satisfaction regarding the treatment that they received and all of the following parameters: well-trained nurses, competency of doctors, professional behavior, and skill level of the staff. On the other hand, 88% of the participants were unhappy about appointment waiting times to be seen in the tertiary-care hospital. Conclusion The study showed that most of the participants have preferred to be treated by Omani physicians and nurses, however, hospitals need to make operational and working changes in order to decrease the appointment waiting time, as this was found to be one of the most common reasons for population dissatisfaction.

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PRRSV: Risikofaktoren und Herdenprävalenz in Deutschland

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G Großtiere / Nutztiere ◽

10.1055/a-0867-8990 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (02) ◽

pp. 132-132

Author(s):

Sebastian Ganz

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Klinische Symptome

Nathues C, Janssen E, Duengelhoef A et al. Cross-sectional study on risk factors for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus sow herd instability in German breeding herds. Acta Vet Scand 2018; 60 (1): 1–8 In mit PRRSV (Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrom Virus) infizierten Schweinebeständen zeigen die Tiere oftmals ernsthafte klinische Symptome. Die Schwere der Symptomatik hängt von der Virulenz der jeweiligen Virusstämme ab. Deshalb ist die Impfung gegen diesen Erreger sinnvoll und wird empfohlen, auch wenn sie nicht immer klinische Fälle verhindert bzw. das Virus vollends eliminiert. Aufgrund dessen rückt die Prävention durch Verbesserung der innerbetrieblichen Abläufe zunehmend in den Fokus. Um solche Maßnahmen erfolgreich etablieren zu können, ist es wichtig, den epidemiologischen Status der Herde und mögliche Risikofaktoren zu kennen. Ziel der Studie war deshalb, die Prävalenz der Infektion in Sauenbetrieben in Norddeutschland zu eruieren und verschiedene Arbeitsabläufe hinsichtlich des Risikos der Erregerverbreitung zu untersuchen.

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