scholarly journals Efficacy of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Cordyceps militaris for Cancer-Related Fatigue in Blood Biochemical and 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomic Analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153473542093263
Author(s):  
Junsang Oh ◽  
Eunhyun Choi ◽  
Jayoung Kim ◽  
Heesu Kim ◽  
Sangheun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Combination Strategy ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue ◽  
Adjuvant Effects ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

This study investigated the adjuvant effects for anticancer and antifatigue of the combination of Cordyceps militaris extract with sorafenib. The 5 extracts of C militaris were obtained through hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water and were evaluated for anticancer growth activity. Among these extracts, ethyl acetate extract of C militaris showed the best tumor growth inhibitory activity and the adjuvant effects in combination with sorafenib. As a result of biochemical analysis with serum, the combination of ethyl acetate extract of C militaris with sorafenib showed the adjuvant effects both improving hepatic function and relieving cancer-related fatigue. In addition, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance–based metabolic profiling in liver tissues showed that the change of metabolism by ethyl acetate extract of C militaris with sorafenib was related with serum fatigue biomarkers. Therefore, the combination strategy such as ethyl acetate extraction of C militaris with sorafenib constitutes a promising therapeutic strategy in hepatocellular carcinoma, via the inhibition of cancer growth, the enhancement of liver function, as well as the alleviation of cancer-related fatigue.

scholarly journals 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Phytochemical Profiling of the In Vitro Antidiabetic Potential of Vitex negundo L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Myrnille Joy B. Zabala ◽  
Lolita G. Lagurin ◽  
Fabian M. Dayrit
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Glucose Diffusion ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Vitex negundo has been known since ancient times as a medicinal plant. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of methanol and ethanol extracts, and ethyl acetate, chloroform and aqueous fractions of Vitex negundo using an in vitro model to test glucose diffusion and to determine the phytochemical profile of the extracts and fractions using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The chloroform fractions, ethyl acetate-EtOH and ethyl acetate-MeOH gave the highest inhibitory effect on both the diffusion activities in vitro. Retardation of glucose diffusion suggests that negundo has the potential to lower postprandial glucose. Correlation analysis of the 13C NMR profile with retardation activity suggests that compounds containing glycosidic residues may be responsible for the glucose retardation activity. This is the first example where activity has been correlated with specific structural features of compounds from a crude extract using 13C NMR chemical shifts to assist in the identification of active compounds.

NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDIES OF THE PROTONATION OF WEAK BASES IN FLUOROSULFURIC ACID: V. KETONES, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, AND SOME OTHER OXYGEN BASES

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1045-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Birchall ◽  
R. J. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Studies ◽  
Weak Bases ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic ◽  
Proton Loss

The proton n.m.r. spectra of the conjugate acids of some ketones and carboxylic acids, and of ethyl acetate, nitromesitylene, and ethyl alcohol have been observed. A correlation has been found between the chemical shift of the C=OH+ proton of the conjugate acids of some para-substituted acetophenones and their pKBH + and σ+ values. The rates of proton loss from these conjugate acids have been obtained.

scholarly journals Quality evaluation of Cabernet Sauvignon wines in different vintages by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 385-399
Author(s):  
Shaochen Xu ◽  
Jiangyu Zhu ◽  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Jin Gao ◽  
Huining Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Abstract A proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic study was used to characterize 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012 vintages of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Ningxia, which were vinified using the same fermentation technique. The pattern recognition methods of principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal PLS-DA (OPLS-DA) clearly distinguished between the different vintages of wine driven by the following metabolites: valine, 2,3-butanediol, ethyl acetate, proline, succinic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, glycerol, gallic acid, and choline. The PLS-DA loading plots also differentiated among the metabolites of different vintages. In the 2009 vintage wines, we found the highest levels of gallic acid, valine, proline, and 2,3-butanediol. The 2011 vintage wines contained the highest levels of lactic acid, and the highest levels of ethyl acetate, succinic acid, glycerol, and choline were observed in the 2012 vintage wines. We selected eight metabolites from the 1H NMR spectra that were quantified according to their peak areas, and the concentrations were in agreement with the results of PLS-DA and OPLS-DA analyses.

scholarly journals Purifikasi Katekin dari Ekstrak Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arifayu Addiena Kurniatri ◽  
Novi Sulistyaningrum ◽  
Lina Rustanti
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Starting Material ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Abstract Uncaria gambir Roxb., one of native plants of Indonesia contains high levels of catechins. Catechins are very potential to be used for medicinal raw materials because theirs effects are proven to be antibacterial, antiviral, and antidyslipidemic. Derivatization of catechin can be developed to produce drug compounds that are effective as antiviral agents for HIV. Derivatization process needs pure catechin isolate as a starting material in order to obtain maximum result so that the isolation process is one of the important stages. In this study, isolation and purification of catechin isolate from Uncaria gambir Roxb. extract was carried out, which will then be the starting material in the derivatization of catechin. Gambir extract used for catechin isolation was a quality 1 gambir extract obtained from Padang, West Sumatra. Gambier extract is characterized according to the standard method stated in Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Isolation of catechin from gambir extract was done by percolation method using ethyl acetate solvents. Pure catechin isolate was obtained using a vacuum liquid chromatograpy method with a series of solvent hexane and ethyl acetate gradients. Catechin purification was monitored using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method with eluent chloroform:ethyl acetate:formic acid (5:4:1, then identified using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, and Liquid Cromatography- Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS). The purity of catechin isolate obtained was 99.80%± 0.132. Abstrak Uncaria gambir Roxb., salah satu tanaman asli Indonesia yang mengandung katekin dengan kadar yang tinggi. Katekin sangat potensial digunakan untuk bahan baku obat karena efeknya terbukti sebagai antibakteri, antivirus, dan antidislipidemia. Derivatisasi katekin dapat dikembangkan untuk menghasilkan senyawa obat yang efektif sebagai antivirus untuk HIV. Untuk derivatisasi ini diperlukan isolat katekin murni sebagai starting material agar diperoleh hasil yang maksimal sehingga proses purifikasi isolat merupakan salah satu tahap yang penting. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan isolasi dan pemurnian isolat katekin dari ekstrak Uncaria gambir Roxb. yang selanjutnya akan menjadi bahan awal dalam derivatisasi katekin. Ekstrak gambir yang digunakan untuk isolasi katekin adalah ekstrak gambir kualitas 1 yang diperoleh dari Padang, Sumatera Barat. Ekstrak gambir dikarakterisasi sesuai dengan metode standar yang tertera dalam Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Isolasi katekin dari ekstrak gambir dilakukan dengan metode perkolasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat. Isolat katekin murni diperoleh menggunakan metode kromatografi cair vakum (KCV) dengan serangkaian gradien pelarut heksana dan etil asetat. Pemurnian katekin dimonitor menggunakan metode kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) dengan eluen kloroform : etil asetat : asam format (5:4:1), kemudian diidentifikasi menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), spektroskopi Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), dan Liquid Cromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC- MS). Kemurnian isolat katekin yang didapatkan 99,80%± 0,132.

scholarly journals In vitro cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects of a novel peroxysesquiterpene glucoside from the rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus L (Cyperaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-339
Author(s):  
Mohammed N. Sabir ◽  
Kawkab Y. Saour ◽  
Shwan Rachid
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Hela Cell ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Hela Cell Line ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Purpose: To study the antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential of a novel 3,9-peroxsesquiterpene-15-Oglucoside from Cyperus rotundus rhizomes, against HeLa cell line and selected strains of microorganisms. Methods: The rhizomes were macerated with methanol and fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed together with chemical analysis of the fractions. The 3,9-peroxysesquiterpene-15-O-glucoside was purified through column chromatography of the ethyl acetate fraction, and its purity was determined via reversephase HPLC. Structural elucidation was done with Infrared (IR), proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) spectroscopic analyses. Results: The isolated compound exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal activities against S. aureus and C. albicans at concentration, respectively, in the range of 32 – 100 μg/mL, while MTT assay results showed the cytotoxicity of the compound against eukaryotic (HeLa) cell line (IC50, 88.32 μg/mL). Conclusion: The isolated metabolite from the methanol extract of C. rotundus rhizome exhibits bactericidal, fungicidal, and cytotoxic potential. However, further studies are required to ascertain its suitability for use as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Terpenoids, Column chromatography, Spectroscopy, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity, Cyperus rotundus

scholarly journals SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS ISOLATED FROM A RARE MANGROVE AEGIALITIS ROTUNDIFOLIA ROXB., LEAVES AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE CRUDE EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
DEBJIT GHOSH ◽  
SUMANTA MONDAL ◽  
K. RAMAKRISHNA
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Aegialitis Rotundifolia ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Objective: The aim of the study is to isolate and characterize the phytochemicals from the leaves of a rare and unexplored mangrove Aegialitis rotundifolia and evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the crude extract. Methods: The dried powdered plant material was extracted with ethanol, and the ethanol extract obtained was dissolved in distilled water and partitioned using n-hexane first and then ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to column chromatography for isolation of phytocompounds. The isolated compounds were characterized using infrared (IR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), mass spectroscopy, and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts was performed using the well diffusion method against four bacterial strains and two fungal strains. Results: Three pure compounds were isolated from the leaves of Aegialitis rotundifolia, namely, 3,4-dimethyl benzoic acid, 3’-methoxy-4’-hydroxy-flavan-3-ol, and 3’,7-dimethoxy-dimethyl-4’,3,5-trihydroxy flavone which were confirmed by spectroscopic studies. Strong antibacterial activity was shown by the test extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus showed average and nil activity, respectively. The antifungal activity of the test extract was found to be strong for both the fungal strains, namely, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Conclusion: The results of the present study show that the isolated compounds were confirmed to be 3,4-dimethyl benzoic acid, 3’-methoxy-4’- hydroxy-flavan-3-ol, and 3’,7-dimethoxy-dimethyl-4’,3,5-trihydroxy flavone and the test extracts showed potent antimicrobial activity for all the bacterial and fungal strains except E. coli and B. cereus which showed average and nil activity, respectively.

An emerging technology: Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
M.J. Hennessy ◽  
E. Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Nmr Microscopy ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Temperature Relaxation ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Much progress in nuclear magnetic resonance microscope has been made in the last few years as a result of improved instrumentation and techniques being made available through basic research in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies for medicine. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was first observed in the hydrogen nucleus in water by Bloch, Purcell and Pound over 40 years ago. Today, in medicine, virtually all commercial MRI scans are made of water bound in tissue. This is also true for NMR microscopy, which has focussed mainly on biological applications. The reason water is the favored molecule for NMR is because water is,the most abundant molecule in biology. It is also the most NMR sensitive having the largest nuclear magnetic moment and having reasonable room temperature relaxation times (from 10 ms to 3 sec). The contrast seen in magnetic resonance images is due mostly to distribution of water relaxation times in sample which are extremely sensitive to the local environment.

Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 828-829
Author(s):  
Paul C. Lauterbur
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Field Gradients ◽  
Useful Signal ◽  
Magnetic Field Gradients ◽  
Observation Times ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging can reach microscopic resolution, as was noted many years ago, but the first serious attempt to explore the limits of the possibilities was made by Hedges. Resolution is ultimately limited under most circumstances by the signal-to-noise ratio, which is greater for small radio receiver coils, high magnetic fields and long observation times. The strongest signals in biological applications are obtained from water protons; for the usual magnetic fields used in NMR experiments (2-14 tesla), receiver coils of one to several millimeters in diameter, and observation times of a number of minutes, the volume resolution will be limited to a few hundred or thousand cubic micrometers. The proportions of voxels may be freely chosen within wide limits by varying the details of the imaging procedure. For isotropic resolution, therefore, objects of the order of (10μm) may be distinguished.Because the spatial coordinates are encoded by magnetic field gradients, the NMR resonance frequency differences, which determine the potential spatial resolution, may be made very large. As noted above, however, the corresponding volumes may become too small to give useful signal-to-noise ratios. In the presence of magnetic field gradients there will also be a loss of signal strength and resolution because molecular diffusion causes the coherence of the NMR signal to decay more rapidly than it otherwise would. This phenomenon is especially important in microscopic imaging.

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