scholarly journals Exercise Adherence and Effect of Self-Regulatory Behavior Change Techniques in Patients Undergoing Curative Cancer Treatment: Secondary Analysis from the Phys-Can Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153473542094683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Mazzoni ◽  
Hannah L Brooke ◽  
Sveinung Berntsen ◽  
Karin Nordin ◽  
Ingrid Demmelmaier
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Regulatory Behavior ◽  
Exercise Type

Introduction: Adherence to exercise interventions in patients with cancer is often poorly described. Further, it is unclear if self-regulatory behavior change techniques (BCTs) can improve exercise adherence in cancer populations. We aimed to (1) describe exercise adherence in terms of frequency, intensity, time, type (FITT-principles) and dropouts, and (2) determine the effect of specific self-regulatory BCTs on exercise adherence in patients participating in an exercise intervention during curative cancer treatment. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis using data from a Swedish multicentre RCT. In a 2×2 factorial design, 577 participants recently diagnosed with curable breast, colorectal or prostate cancer were randomized to 6 months of high (HI) or low-to-moderate intensity (LMI) exercise, with or without self-regulatory BCTs (e.g., goal-setting and self-monitoring). The exercise program included supervised group-based resistance training and home-based endurance training. Exercise adherence (performed training/prescribed training) was assessed using attendance records, training logs and heart rate monitors, and is presented descriptively. Linear regression and logistic regression were used to assess the effect of self-regulatory BCTs on each FITT-principle and dropout rates, according to intention-to-treat. Results: For resistance training (groups with vs without self-regulatory BCTs), participants attended on average 52% vs 53% of prescribed sessions, performed 79% vs 76% of prescribed intensity, and 80% vs 77% of prescribed time. They adhered to exercise type in 71% vs 68% of attended sessions. For endurance training (groups with vs without self-regulatory BCTs), participants performed on average 47% vs 51% of prescribed sessions, 57% vs 62% of prescribed intensity, and 71% vs 72% of prescribed time. They adhered to exercise type in 79% vs 78% of performed sessions. Dropout rates (groups with vs without self-regulatory BCTs) were 29% vs 28%. The regression analysis revealed no effect of the self-regulatory BCTs on exercise adherence. Conclusion: An exercise adherence rate ≥50% for each FITT-principle and dropout rates at ~30% can be expected among patients taking part in long-term exercise interventions, combining resistance and endurance training during curative cancer treatment. Our results indicate that self-regulatory BCTs do not improve exercise adherence in interventions that provide evidence-based support to all participants (e.g., supervised group sessions). Trial registration: NCT02473003

scholarly journals Reporting of post-operative rehabilitation interventions for Total knee arthroplasty: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Bakaa ◽  
Lu Hsi Chen ◽  
Lisa Carlesso ◽  
Julie Richardson ◽  
Luciana Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Total Knee

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the completeness of reporting of exercise adherence and exercise interventions delivered as part of clinical trials of post-operative total knee replacement (TKA) rehabilitation. Design: Scoping review Literature search A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Library. Study selection criteria All randomized controlled trials (RCT) that examined post-operative exercise-based interventions for total knee arthroplasty were eligible for inclusion. Studies that were multifactorial or contained exercise interventions for both hip and knee arthroplasty were also included. Data synthesis The definition, type of measurement used and outcome for exercise adherence were collected and analyzed descreptively. Quality of reporting of exercise interventions were assessed using the Consensus for Exercise Reporting Tool (CERT) and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Results There were a total of 112 RCTs included in this review. The majority of RCTs (63%, n = 71) did not report exercise adherence. Only 23% (n = 15) of studies provided a definition of adherence. RCTs were of poor quality, with 85% (n = 95) of studies having high or unclear risk of bias. Reporting of exercise interventions was poor, with only 4 items (of 19) (21%) of the CERT adequately reported (88–99%), with other items not fulfilled on at least 60% of the RCTs. There were no RCTs that had fulfilled all the criteria for the CERT. Conclusion The RCTs included in this study poorly reported exercise adherence, as well as description of the post-operative TKA rehabilitation intervention. Future RCTs should use valid and reliable measures of adherence and a proper tool for reporting of exercise interventions (e.g., CERT, TiDER). Pre-registration OSF:https://osf.io/9ku8a/

Exercise intensity and markers of inflammation during and after (neo-) adjuvant cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Tim Schauer ◽  
Anne-Sophie Mazzoni ◽  
Anna Henriksson ◽  
Ingrid Demmelmaier ◽  
Sveinung Berntsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

Exercise training has been hypothesized to lower the inflammatory burden for patients with cancer, but the role of exercise intensity is unknown. To this end, we compared the effects of high-intensity (HI) and low-to-moderate intensity (LMI) exercise on markers of inflammation in patients with curable breast, prostate and colorectal cancer undergoing primary adjuvant cancer treatment in a secondary analysis of the Phys-Can randomized trial (NCT02473003). Sub-group analyses focused on patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Patients performed 6 months of combined aerobic and resistance exercise on either HI or LMI during and after primary adjuvant cancer treatment. Plasma taken at baseline, immediately post-treatment and post-intervention was analyzed for levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), IL6, IL8, IL10, tumor-necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Intention-to-treat analyses of 394 participants revealed no significant between-group differences. Regardless of exercise intensity, significant increases of IL6, IL8, IL10 and TNFA post-treatment followed by significant declines, except for IL8, until post-intervention were observed with no difference for CRP or IL1B. Subgroup analyses of 154 patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy revealed that CRP (estimated mean difference (95% CI): 0.59 (0.33; 1.06); P  = 0.101) and TNFA (EMD (95% CI): 0.88 (0.77; 1); P  = 0.053) increased less with HI exercise post-treatment compared to LMI. Exploratory cytokine co-regulation analysis revealed no difference between the groups. In patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, HI exercise resulted in a lesser increase of CRP and TNFA immediately post-treatment compared to LMI, potentially protecting against chemotherapy-related inflammation.

scholarly journals Associations between Demographics and Quality of Life in Children in the First Year of Cancer Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Raybin ◽  
Verna Hendricks-Ferguson ◽  
Paul Cook ◽  
Catherine Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Symptom Distress ◽  
Older Age ◽  
First Year ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biologic Marker

Symptom distress and decreased quality of life (QOL) among children with cancer are well documented. Research is emerging on the child’s voice in QOL-symptom reports, but existing QOL questionnaires are burdensome and objective biologic markers are lacking. We examined children’s symptoms and QOL from parent and child perspectives and compared the results to one biologic marker (body posture). A cross-sectional secondary analysis of prospective data from children receiving creative arts therapy explored potential associations among demographics with and between QOL measures (PedsQL, Faces Scale, posture). Children (n = 98) ranged in age from 3-17 years (M = 7.8) and were in the first year of cancer treatment. No significant associations were found among the child’s sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), or distance from hospital and total PedsQL. Older age was associated with worse total PedsQL, pain, nausea, worry, and posture (all ps < .05). Greater worry (β = 0.51) and worse posture (β = 0.41) were the QOL variables most strongly correlated with older age. Poorer posture was associated with worse child PedsQL (total score, nausea, treatment anxiety, cognitive) and parent PedsQL (pain, nausea). Worse scores on the Faces Scale, PedsQL, and posture were all correlated (rs = .21 - .39, all ps < .05). Interventions to improve QOL could target nausea, worry, and older patients. Accuracy and interpretation of symptom distress in children is problematic. The Faces Scale and posture may be suitable, readily obtained measures of QOL in pediatric oncology that hold promise.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CRANIO-CERVICAL EXERCISE INTERVENTION AND STRENGTH ENDURANCE TRAINING IN NECK PAIN

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-22
Author(s):  
Erum Naz ◽  
Muhammad Sarfraz
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Neck Disability Index ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Computer Work ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Neck Disability

Prolong computer work without proper ergonomics can lead to neck pain which ultimately causes serious problems like muscle imbalance, headache, poor work performance. The purpose of this study is not only to promote awareness of correct exercise regime and to compare two exercise interventions in improvement of neck pain, also effect of these regimes on nine different components of daily living activities like headache, work performance, concentration. Experimental, Randomized control trail (RCT) 68 participants took part in the study and were divided randomly into two groups. Group one received cranio- cervical (CC) regime of 06 weeks and second group was given treatment in 2 stages. First stage comprise of minimum repetition exercise which was upgraded to three set with weight in second stage. The chief impact was seen as the reduction of pain intensity in both interventions. Subjects with neck pain of both groups proven a change in neck pain pre Neck Disability Index (NDI) mean of CC, group01 (mean 19.18, std 5.2, p<0.05), and post NDI score of CC group 01 (mean=6.18,std=6, p<0.05) while in strength endurance (SE) group pre-score (mean=18.6, std=6.3, p<0.05) And post NDI score (mean=7,std=6, p<0.05) . Both groups proved significant reduction in neck pain. This study showed that participant who had received cranio-cervical regime and strength endurance training significantly improves their work performance as well as neck pain. However, CC group showed improvement regarding work performance and headache while SE group demonstrated significant improvement in weight lifting than second group.

scholarly journals Gender Perspective on Older People’s Exercise Preferences and Motivators in the Context of Falls Prevention: A Qualitative Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Sandlund ◽  
Petra Pohl ◽  
Christina Ahlgren ◽  
Dawn A. Skelton ◽  
Anita Melander-Wikman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Falls Prevention ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exercise Programmes ◽  
The Individual

Background. Several factors have previously been identified to positively influence the uptake and adherence for fall prevention exercise programmes. There is, however, a lack of studies investigating if men and women differ in their views and preferences for fall prevention exercises. Aim. To explore exercise preferences and motivators of older community-dwelling women and men in the context of falls prevention from a gender perspective. Methods. Workshops including multistage focus group discussions were conducted with 18 older community-dwelling people with and without history of falls. Participants were purposively selected and divided into two groups. Each group met on six occasions over a period of five months. Participatory and Appreciative Action and Reflection methodology was used to guide the discussions. A qualitative content analysis approach was used in the analysis. Results. Older participants had many diverse preferences and confirmed that individually tailored exercise, in terms of mode, intensity, challenge, and social context, is important. Moreover, important factors for exercise adherence and maintenance included the experience of individual confirmation; different spirit lifters to increase enjoyment; and personal tricks to maintain exercise routines. The individual differences within genders were more diverse than the differences between women and men. Conclusion. Exercise interventions to prevent falls should be individually tailored, based on the specific needs and preferences of the older participant, and do not appear to require gender specific approaches. To increase adherence, intrinsic motivation for exercise may be encouraged by competence enhancing confirmations, energizing spirit lifters, and practical tips for exercise maintenance. The study provides an awareness about women’s and men’s preferences for fall prevention exercises, and this information could be used as guidance in designing inclusive exercise interventions.

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