The Impact of Professional Music Diplomas on Women Music Teachers in Early Twentieth-Century New Zealand

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-170
Author(s):  
Philip Jane
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Musical Ability ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Career Option ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

At the end of the nineteenth century, music was an accomplishment that many women were encouraged to pursue. For some, this was merely an additional “ornament” to enhance marriage prospects, but a growing number took the opportunity to turn musical ability into a career option. A small group of musically educated women in New Zealand at the start of the twentieth century is studied. At this time, two British examining bodies, Trinity College, London, and the Associated Board, introduced professional diplomas as the culmination of their graded music exams. In their first five years, forty-five women were successful in these “higher examinations” and gained either an Associate from Trinity College (ATCL), or a Licentiate from the Associated Board (LAB). Armed with a prestigious qualification that granted the right to add “letters” after their name, some then followed a career as a teacher of music. Biographical details of each woman are explored and compared to see if any reasons can be found to explain why some continued with music while others didn’t. Similarities as to family and social background are revealed, while the main reason for not continuing with a musical career appears to be the intervention of marriage and family commitments.

The effective music teacher: The influence of personal, social, and cognitive dimensions on music teacher self-efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Biasutti ◽  
Eleonora Concina
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Vocal Music ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Music Teacher ◽  
Musical Ability ◽  
Teacher Self Efficacy ◽  
The Impact

The profile of an effective instrumental and vocal music teacher includes many personal and professional dimensions. Among them, teacher self-efficacy plays a key role and influences the evaluation of music teachers’ effectiveness. Recent studies have identified several factors that affect one’s self-assessment of efficacy. However, a comprehensive model of the predictors of music teachers’ self-efficacy still does not exist. The aim of the current study was to identify factors that affect music teacher self-efficacy using a quantitative approach. Three self-report questionnaires were administered to 160 instrumental and vocal music teachers in Italy. Data about their beliefs on musical ability, teacher self-efficacy, and social skills were collected to define a predictive model of teachers’ self-efficacy using a stepwise regression analysis. In addition, an ANOVA was performed to examine group differences in music teacher self-efficacy and intercorrelations among questionnaire scales were computed. The findings have shown that a general score of music teacher self-efficacy can be predicted by a multidimensional model, including music teachers’ personal and professional traits, such as social skills, beliefs about musical ability, teaching experience, and gender. Moreover, differences in specific aspects of teacher self-efficacy emerged in relation to participants’ gender and level of expertise. The impact of these results on music teachers’ education is discussed.

HealthPathways: creating a pathway for health systems reform

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Robinson ◽  
Richard Varhol ◽  
Colin Bell ◽  
Frances Quirk ◽  
Learne Durrington
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Delivery Of Health Services

Inefficiencies in the co-ordination and integration of primary and secondary care services in Australia, have led to increases in waiting times, unnecessary presentations to emergency departments and issues around poor discharge of patients. HealthPathways is a program developed in Canterbury, New Zealand, that builds relationships between General Practitioners and Specialists and uses information technology so that efficiency is maximised and the right patient is given the right care at the right time. Healthpathways is being implemented by a number of Medicare Locals across Australia however, little is known about the impact HealthPathways may have in Australia. This article provides a short description of HealthPathways and considers what it may offer in the Australian context and some of the barriers and facilitators to implementation. What is known about the topic? Early evidence on HealthPathways suggests that the program does seem to be strengthening relationships between GPs and secondary care specialists. In New Zealand advances in efficiency and system integration have been noted. However, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of HealthPathways in Australia. What does this paper add? It is one of the first published papers to provide a perspective around HealthPathways and draws existing evidence and research to explore some of the barriers and facilitators to the development and implementation of HealthPathways in Australia. What are the implications for practitioners’? Early evidence suggests HealthPathways could help GPs and other practitioners’ in the delivery of health services, it could also help to strengthen practitioner relationships.

Women, Gender, and Conservatism in Twentieth-Century America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Nickerson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Progressive Era ◽  
Culture War ◽  
Conservative Movement ◽  
The Family ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conservative Women ◽  
Twentieth Century America

Women have participated in conservative movement politics throughout the twentieth century. From opposition mounted against Progressive-era health and welfare legislation to protests against Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal to culture war battles with feminists, conservative women have never completely ceded the right side of the political spectrum to men. Essentialist notions of what is “natural” to women, their bodies, and their connection to children and the family, have been the basis of conservative female politics throughout the twentieth century and beyond. Women on the right have drawn from a corpus of beliefs, ideals, and assumptions passed down from generations of political forbears about the natural conservatism of women—an intuitive drive to protect the young and bring calm to the space around them. This chapter examines the impact of that ideology, in its various iterations, over the course of the twentieth century.

Disparate Fates in Challenging Times: Women's Policy Agencies and Neoliberalism in Aotearoa/New Zealand and British Columbia

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Teghtsoonian
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Institutional Variables ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Women's Equality ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Women's Policy Agencies

Abstract. This article develops an explanation for the different approaches to existing women's policy agencies adopted by governments of the right elected to office in Aotearoa/New Zealand (in 1990) and in the province of British Columbia (in 2001). In Aotearoa/New Zealand, the Ministry of Women's Affairs remained structurally intact, while in British Columbia the Ministry of Women's Equality was eliminated and replaced with a women's policy agency that constitutes a small subunit within a much larger ministry. My analysis of these developments focuses on the impact of two institutional features of the women's ministries: (1) the nature of the activities in which they were involved and the different allocations of their budgetary resources that these activities entailed; and (2) the relationship between each ministry and community-based women's groups. I also explore the interaction between these institutional variables and the particular way in which a discourse of “special interests” has been expressed within the party of the right in each case.Résumé. Cet article développe une explication des différences d'attitude envers les agences chargées des politiques concernant les femmes entre les gouvernements de droite qui ont été élus à Aotearoa/Nouvelle-Zélande (en 1990), et en Colombie-Britannique (en 2001). À Aotearoa/Nouvelle-Zélande, la structure du ministère des Affaires des femmes est restée intacte, tandis qu'en Colombie-Britannique le ministère de l'Égalité des femmes a été éliminé et remplacé par une agence chargée des politiques concernant les femmes, qui n'est qu'une petite sous-unité d'un ministère beaucoup plus étendu. Mon analyse de ces développements porte sur l'impact de deux aspects institutionnels des ministères de la condition féminine: (1) le caractère de leurs activités et les différences correspondantes d'allocation de leurs ressources budgétaires; (2) le rapport entre chaque ministère et les groupes féministes des collectivités locales. En plus, j'explore l'interaction entre ces variables institutionnelles et la formation de l'argument d'“ intérêts particuliers ” avancé par le parti de droite dans chaque cas.

scholarly journals 'Different from Any Other': the Experience of a Lebanese Migrant in Wellington in the Mid-Twentieth Century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Marina Joseph Fontein
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Source ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Secondary Data Sources ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Background Context

<p>Aiming to cast insight on the Lebanese community in Wellington in the mid-twentieth century, a series of in-depth narrative history interviews explore aspects of the reflections of Lebanese migrant, Elias Arraj, who arrived in Wellington in 1953. A secondary data source comprising archived oral histories undertaken with members of the Dunedin Lebanese community in 1988 provides a background context, and additional insights on ‘being Lebanese’ in New Zealand. The research design comprises a constructionist epistemology, a critical theoretical orientation and a narrative inquiry methodology. The interpretation of both primary and secondary data sources employs a thematic analysis. The roles of the researcher and the participants in the construction of the data and the impact of underlying social and cultural factors on the narrators’ experiences are also explored. Considering the cultural inheritance and religious affiliations which were important to Elias the thesis focuses on: his experience of immigration and re-settlement; the way he interpreted and responded to the difficulties he faced as a new migrant; and available avenues of support. The narratives reveal how Elias drew on his distinct and enduring sense of cultural heritage to overcome the challenge of being an immigrant in New Zealand.</p>

scholarly journals The development of musical and singing culture and sociopolitical situation on the Korean Peninsula from the liberation to the Korean War

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Gruzdev
Keyword(s):  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Korean War ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Korean Music ◽  
The Korean War ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this research is the impact of sociopolitical situation on the Korean Peninsula upon the establishment and development of musical culture of the Koreans since 1945 to the beginning of the Korean War. The goal is to demonstrate the effect of political and social situation upon music and songs of the Koreans, as well as outline the vectors of their development during the period under review. In the course of research, the author analyzes the historical, political and social background, within the framework of which was formed the musical and song tradition of the Koreans of that time. The article also traces the evolution of Korean music and song genre and the factors that exerted influence on it. The Russian Korean studies do not feature comprehensive research dedicated to musical and song culture of the Koreans of the period after liberation from the Japanese Rule, which defines novelty of this work. The conclusion is made that the political and social situation on the Korean Peninsula significantly influences the development of music and song genre. The two categories of music performers were determined: politicized and non-politicized. Politicized performers were represented by the supporters of left-wing views or right-wing views. The adherers of left-wing views sought for a new path of development of the Korean music, while the right-wing supporters used the motifs already familiar to the Korean public. Non-politicizes music performers and singers followed the popular trends among the audience, which was influenced by the presence of US military on the Korean Peninsula.

The Arrival of Graded Music Exams in New Zealand: A Case Study of Dunedin up to 1916

2021 ◽  
pp. 153660062110119
Author(s):  
Philip Jane, PhD
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Music Teaching ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Professional Body ◽  
Southern City

Toward the end of the nineteenth century a number of external music examining systems were introduced to New Zealand. Two of them, Trinity College, London, and the Associated Board, gained a strong following and became de facto standards in the absence of a national music conservatorium. This article briefly outlines the beginning of external exams in England and follows their export to various overseas members of the British Empire. Graded music exams as a form of tuition engendered considerable debate as to efficacy, merit, and overall validity. Trinity College arrived first in New Zealand, in 1888, followed by the Associated Board in 1897, and their rapid assumption in the southern city of Dunedin is documented and used as a case study of their progress up until 1916. There is a background discussion on the growth and use of post-nominal letters in the local music teaching profession, and the increasing use of formal qualifications by music teachers is noted. These included the professional diplomas from both schools, and the role they played in the formation of a local professional body is explored.

scholarly journals 'Different from Any Other': the Experience of a Lebanese Migrant in Wellington in the Mid-Twentieth Century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Marina Joseph Fontein
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Secondary Data Source ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Secondary Data Sources ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Background Context

<p>Aiming to cast insight on the Lebanese community in Wellington in the mid-twentieth century, a series of in-depth narrative history interviews explore aspects of the reflections of Lebanese migrant, Elias Arraj, who arrived in Wellington in 1953. A secondary data source comprising archived oral histories undertaken with members of the Dunedin Lebanese community in 1988 provides a background context, and additional insights on ‘being Lebanese’ in New Zealand. The research design comprises a constructionist epistemology, a critical theoretical orientation and a narrative inquiry methodology. The interpretation of both primary and secondary data sources employs a thematic analysis. The roles of the researcher and the participants in the construction of the data and the impact of underlying social and cultural factors on the narrators’ experiences are also explored. Considering the cultural inheritance and religious affiliations which were important to Elias the thesis focuses on: his experience of immigration and re-settlement; the way he interpreted and responded to the difficulties he faced as a new migrant; and available avenues of support. The narratives reveal how Elias drew on his distinct and enduring sense of cultural heritage to overcome the challenge of being an immigrant in New Zealand.</p>

Institutionalisation in twentieth-century New Zealand

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-164
Author(s):  
Carol Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Post War ◽  
Mental Defectives ◽  
The Impact

This chapter focuses on the impact of processes of institutionalisation on the lives of people with learning/ intellectual disabilities in twentieth century New Zealand. At the beginning of the twentieth century the country had a burgeoning asylum system, an 1899 immigration act prohibiting ‘idiot persons’, a growing eugenics movement and social policy which sought the confinement of those regarded as difficult or deficient in some way. New Zealand’s Mental Defectives Act of 1911 preceded the British Mental Deficiency Act by two years. An anti-institutionalisation movement began early in post-war New Zealand and by the end of the century there had been a paradigm shift in ideas about how and where people labelled intellectually disabled should live. While problems and challenges remain, and the reform movement goes on, the success of the deinstitutionalization movement should not be underestimated.

scholarly journals Privacy and the global media in the information age

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-57
Author(s):  
William Akel
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Right To Privacy ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Court Of Australia ◽  
The Impact

The protection of privacy is being increasingly recognised worldwide by the courts, and media regulators, as a result of what is seen as a more powerful and intrusive media, and the effect of the internet. A right to privacy may even apply in a public place. This article examines the impact this has on the media in the information age? New Zealand now has a tort of interference with privacy. The criminal courts are also considering privacy values in issues ranging from suppression orders to release of court information to the public. The Broadcasting Standards Authority has revised its privacy principles. Codes of conduct with regard to the print media also acknowledge privacy. But the protection of privacy has its genesis in the 1890s and not in the digital age. A seminal article by Warren and Brandeis, ‘The Right to Privacy’ (1890), was a reaction to what was at that time seen as an over-powerful media. United States jurisprudence evolved to the Prosser and Keeton formulation in the 1960s. New Zealand jurisprudence has relied on this formulation to advance privacy rights. The English courts have taken a similar approach in the much publicised Douglas v Hello! and Naomi Campbell cases. The European courts, as a reaction to an overactive paparazzi, have pushed the bounds of privacy in the Peck and Princess Caroline cases. The High Court of Australia considered privacy in Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd.  Finally, the International Covenants and protection of privacy.

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