University Students using a Screen Reader for Education Tasks

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (15) ◽  
pp. 985-989
Author(s):  
Wayne Shebilske ◽  
Ganesh Alakke ◽  
Shruti Narakesari
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Screen Reader ◽  
Web Based ◽  
High Compliance ◽  
Screen Readers ◽  
Proficiency Assessment

As a step toward distinguishing problems with a screen reader (JAWS), web pages, and users, we tested two blind university students with our Usability Proficiency Assessment Tool (UPAT). We then tested their understanding of web-based software that they often used with JAWS in their education. One student had advanced skills and the other had intermediate skills in using tables, headings, forms, images, links, and combinations of these web features. Despite their more than adequate skills they had many problems using software that was in high compliance with World Wide Web consortium (W3C) standards (Ryan, 2008). The problems stemmed from gaps between JAWS and web pages. We review these gaps and make recommendations for closing them. Implementing our recommendations will require a dialogue among developers of screen readers and applications as well as users and trainers.

Clustering Algorithms for Data Streams

2011 ◽  
pp. 566-571
Author(s):  
Christos Makris ◽  
Nikos Tsirakis
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Data Streams ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Multimedia Data ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
The World ◽  
Available Information

The World Wide Web has rapidly become the dominant Internet tool which has overwhelmed us with a combination of rich hypertext information, multimedia data and various resources of dynamic information. This evolution in conjunction with the immense amount of available information imposes the need of new computational methods and techniques in order to provide, in a systematical way, useful information among billions of Web pages. In other words, this situation poses great challenges for providing knowledge from Web-based information. The area of data mining has arisen over the last decade to address this type of issues. There are many methods, techniques and algorithms that accomplish different tasks in this area. All these efforts examine the data and try to find a model that fits to their characteristics in order to examine them. Data can be either typical information from files, databases and so forth, or with the form of a stream. Streams constitute a data model where information is an undifferentiated, byte-by-byte flow that passes over the time. The area of algorithms for processing data streams and associated applications has become an emerging area of interest, especially when all this is done over the Web. Generally, there are many data mining functions (Tan, Steinbach, & Kumar, 2006) that can be applied in data streams. Among them one can discriminate clustering, which belongs to the descriptive data mining models. Clustering is a useful and ubiquitous tool in data analysis.

scholarly journals A Survey Of Accounting Information Systems Instructors Instructional Re-sources On The World Wide Web

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Hofferd ◽  
Clinton E. White, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Instructional Resources ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Accounting Information Systems ◽  
Web Presence ◽  
The World

This research presents the results of an analysis of 136 randomly selected AIS faculty from the Hasselback directory and their use of Web pages to provide instructional re-sources (e.g. materials that add value to a course. Results indicate that 43.4% of the AIS faculty have no web presence, and 56.6% have Web pages but the majority con-tain only biographical information as opposed to instructional resources. Overall, the results indicate a small majority of AIS faculty are providing Web-based instructional resources.

scholarly journals A Web Screening on Educational Initiatives to Increase Citizens’ Literacy on Genomics and Genetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Sassano ◽  
Giovanna Elisa Calabrò ◽  
Stefania Boccia
Keyword(s):  
Web Search ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Web Portals ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Educational Initiatives ◽  
Effective Interventions

IntroductionPopulation awareness and empowerment in omics sciences represent a fundamental driver to increase the adoption of evidence-based approaches in personalized medicine. In this context, a pivotal role is played by citizens’ literacy, and educational initiatives carried out in this context are key assets to drive future effective interventions. With the present study, we summarized the educational initiatives conducted worldwide aimed at increasing citizens’ literacy in omics sciences.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a web search of the educational initiatives aimed at improving citizens’ literacy in omics sciences undertaken worldwide, by using three search engines (Google, Bing, and Yahoo Search), in English and in Italian languages.ResultsWe identified five initiatives in Europe, 22 in non-European countries, and 13 in Italy. Overall, the majority (69%) were web-based initiatives, while 31% required in-person attendance. The online initiatives included web pages for reading, online lessons/courses, web portals, videos/short movies, animations, and apps for mobile devices. The residential initiatives, on the other hand, included exhibitions, seminars, courses, symposia, information stands in public places, guided visits to research laboratories, and interactive laboratories. All the initiatives were highly heterogeneous in terms of methodologies and the topics addressed.Discussion and ConclusionOverall, we identified a variety of initiatives aimed at improving citizens’ literacy in omics sciences, with the largest majority carried out in the United States and being web-based. Our results showed heterogeneity among the initiatives as to the dealt topics and the adopted methods. Further research is needed, however, to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of educational initiatives to improve citizens’ literacy in omics sciences.

Panizzi, Lubetzky and Google: How the Modern Web Environment is Reinventing the Theory of Cataloguing

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Grant Campbell ◽  
Karl V. Fast
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Knowledge Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Web Environment ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Web Search Engines

This paper uses cataloguing theory to interpret the partial results of an exploratory study of university students using Web search engines and Web-based OPACs. The participants expressed frustration with the OPAC; while they sensed that it was “organized,” they were unable to exploit that organization, and attributed their failure to the inadequacy of their own skills. In the Google searches, on the other hand, students were getting support traditionally advocated in catalogue design. Google gave them starting points: resources that broadly addressed their requirements, enabling them to get a greater sense of the knowledge structure that would help them to increase their precision in subsequent searches.Cette étude utilise la théorie du catalogage pour interpréter les résultats partiels d'une recherche exploratoire d'étudiants universitaires utilisant les moteurs de recherche Web et les catalogues publics en ligne. Les participants ont exprimé leur frustration envers les catalogues publics en ligne. Bien qu'ils percevaient que les catalogues sont "organisés", ils ont été incapables d’utiliser cette organisation et ont attribué leur échec au manque d'adaptation de leurs propres capacités. Lors de recherches avec Google, d'autre part, les étudiants ont reçu l’assistance traditionnellement proposée dans la conception d’un catalogue. Google leur a donné des points de départ : ressources qui répondent largement à leurs besoins, leur permettant ainsi d’obtenir une meilleure compréhension de la structure des connaissances qui pourraient les aider par la suite à augmenter leur précision lors de recherche. 

Early Canadiana on the World Wide Web: Preliminary Analysis of Usage Patterns and Usage Feedback

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan M. Cherry ◽  
Wendy M. Duff ◽  
Gerry Oxford
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The Other ◽  
User Survey ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Software Monitoring

Early Canadiana Online (ECO) is a full-text, Web-based collection of pre-1900 documents which were published in Canada, or which were published in other countries but written by Canadians or about Canada. This paper reports preliminary findings from two studies of this collections- one involving software monitoring of usage of the collection; the other involving a Web-based user survey.

Examining Information Searching on the World Wide Web with a Screen-Reader: A Verbal Protocol Analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (14) ◽  
pp. 1310-1314
Author(s):  
Keith S. Jones ◽  
J. Shawn Farris ◽  
Peter D. Elgin ◽  
Brent A. Anders ◽  
Brian R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Protocol Analysis ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Screen Reader ◽  
Verbal Protocol Analysis ◽  
Screen Readers ◽  
Usability Problems ◽  
The World ◽  
Reported Study

Recently, assistive devices designed for computer systems have proliferated, including those designed to support users with visual impairments (i.e., screen-readers). However, research examining how individuals use screen-readers to access the Internet is virtually non-existent. Therefore, the purpose of the reported study was to examine the behavior of a user with visual impairment, via protocol analysis, while using the World Wide Web to find information. We classified her behavior into an HCI-relevant model, i.e., Norman's (1988) seven stages of action, in order to identify potential usability bottlenecks. The results indicated that executing actions and, more notably, interpreting the system state were the most frequent and time-consuming tasks. In addition, the results suggested that the user had difficulty determining the effects of her control inputs on system status, as well as determining whether or not goal-relevant information was present on the current page. For screen-reader design, this suggests that there are possible usability problems in interfacing the user with the screen-reading software and the way textual information is aurally displayed to the user.

Assessing Personality With Multi-Descriptor Items

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Johannes Schult ◽  
Rebecca Schneider ◽  
Jörn R. Sparfeldt
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Big Five Inventory ◽  
Personality Inventories

Abstract. The need for efficient personality inventories has led to the wide use of short instruments. The corresponding items often contain multiple, potentially conflicting descriptors within one item. In Study 1 ( N = 198 university students), the reliability and validity of the TIPI (Ten-Item Personality Inventory) was compared with the reliability and validity of a modified TIPI based on items that rephrased each two-descriptor item into two single-descriptor items. In Study 2 ( N = 268 university students), we administered the BFI-10 (Big Five Inventory short version) and a similarly modified version of the BFI-10 without two-descriptor items. In both studies, reliability and construct validity values occasionally improved for separated multi-descriptor items. The inventories with multi-descriptor items showed shortcomings in some factors of the TIPI and the BFI-10. However, the other scales worked comparably well in the original and modified inventories. The limitations of short personality inventories with multi-descriptor items are discussed.

scholarly journals Emotional Cognitive Regulation in University Students during Lockdown: A Comparative Analysis of Students from Spanish Universities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6946
Author(s):  
Mercedes Cuevas López ◽  
Inmaculada Ávalos Ruiz ◽  
Emilio Jesús Lizarte Simón
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Gran Canaria ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Cognitive Regulation ◽  
Spanish Universities

Studies focusing on strategies for the cognitive regulation of emotions are gaining importance due to the development and perpetuation of psychopathologies. The obligatory home confinement imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to new virtual learning methodologies. Objective: Our objective aimed to analyze and compare the cognitive emotional regulation of students from universities on the Spanish mainland with that of students attending the Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Methods: An online Emotional Regulation Questionnaire was applied, together with a survey covering the students’ beliefs about the pandemic, including information about their housing conditions and beliefs about online learning. The study included a sample of 1030 university students. Results: On the mainland and at Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the students most frequently used adaptive strategies. Three of the strategies were used in both groups but to different extents (Acceptance, Positive reappraisal, Putting into perspective), while the other strategies were used in both groups to the same extent (Refocusing on planning, Positive refocusing, Rumination, Blaming others, Catastrophizing, Self-blame). Meanwhile, the results were quite similar regarding the students’ housing conditions and beliefs about the pandemic and online learning.

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