The Effects of Nested Texture on a Landing-Judgment Task

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Reardon
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Display Type ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Visual Displays ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Judgment Study ◽  
Better Than

Nested texture can be described as smaller units embedded within larger units or forms within forms (Gibson, 1966). This is reflected in real scenes, e.g., as one moves toward a surface the eye resolves more detail. With the advent of high-fidelity simulators we can now generate a hierarchy of texture patterns that emerge as a function of altitude, but how this affects pilot performance is unclear. This study examined the effect of nested texture with four types of displays in a landing-judgment task. Subjects viewed a simulated landing approach to a runway which stopped in “mid air” and were asked to indicate where they would land if they continued on the same path. Results show that when texture was nested as a function of altitude, performance was not significantly better than when texture was constant throughout the trial. Display type affected performance with subjects perceiving their aimpoint further down the runway as complexity of the texture increased. The landing-judgment study should be followed up with an active-control task before recommendations for visual displays are made.

scholarly journals Nursing Students’ Satisfaction: A Comparison between Medium- and High-Fidelity Simulation Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Ana Rosa Alconero-Camarero ◽  
Carmen María Sarabia-Cobo ◽  
María José Catalán-Piris ◽  
Silvia González-Gómez ◽  
José Rafael González-López
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
High Fidelity Simulation ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Clinical Simulation ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
Students Satisfaction ◽  
Better Than

Training based on clinical simulation is an effective method of teaching in nursing. Nevertheless, there is no clear evidence about if it is better to use high- or medium-fidelity simulation. The aim is to analyse if students are more satisfied when their clinical simulation practices are based on high-fidelity simulation (HFS) or medium-fidelity simulation (MFS). Students´ satisfaction was assessed using the Satisfaction Scale Questionnaire with High-Fidelity Clinical Simulation. The sample is composed of 393 students from two Spanish Universities. Satisfaction with simulation in nursing students is significantly greater in MFS than HFS. Simulation is beneficial for learning in all its forms, but for the acquisition of basic skills, and at a lower cost, MFS proves to be effective. However, high-fidelity is not always better than medium-fidelity as this depends on the student’s level of knowledge and clinical experience.

scholarly journals A high-fidelity realization of the Euclid code comparison N-body simulation with Abacus

2019 ◽  
Vol 485 (3) ◽  
pp. 3370-3377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lehman H Garrison ◽  
Daniel J Eisenstein ◽  
Philip A Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Step Size ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Code Comparison ◽  
Force Accuracy ◽  
Integration Errors ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract We present a high-fidelity realization of the cosmological N-body simulation from the Schneider et al. code comparison project. The simulation was performed with our AbacusN-body code, which offers high-force accuracy, high performance, and minimal particle integration errors. The simulation consists of 20483 particles in a $500\ h^{-1}\, \mathrm{Mpc}$ box for a particle mass of $1.2\times 10^9\ h^{-1}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ with $10\ h^{-1}\, \mathrm{kpc}$ spline softening. Abacus executed 1052 global time-steps to z = 0 in 107 h on one dual-Xeon, dual-GPU node, for a mean rate of 23 million particles per second per step. We find Abacus is in good agreement with Ramses and Pkdgrav3 and less so with Gadget3. We validate our choice of time-step by halving the step size and find sub-percent differences in the power spectrum and 2PCF at nearly all measured scales, with ${\lt }0.3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ errors at $k\lt 10\ \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}\, h$. On large scales, Abacus reproduces linear theory better than 0.01 per cent. Simulation snapshots are available at http://nbody.rc.fas.harvard.edu/public/S2016.

The Cognitive Reality of Hierarchic Structure in Music

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Louise Serafine ◽  
Noah Glassman ◽  
Cornell Overbeeke
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Judgment ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hierarchic Structure ◽  
The Face ◽  
Similarity Judgments ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Better Than

Six experiments examined the cognitive reality of hierarchic structure in music. The first experiment showed that subjects were only moderately able to match a performed rendition of a hierarchic structure to the piece of music from which it was derived, with performance slightly better than chance. Metric accent emerged as a significant predictor of the tones perceived by subjects as structurally important. The second experiment showed that subjects' correct matchings were unlikely to be based on aesthetic preference, because performed renditions of (rule-governed) structures were not regarded as aesthetically preferable to nonstructures. The third experiment attempted to increase subjects' matching of structures and their original pieces through various task modifications, but these modifications did not increase performance over the success rate achieved in Experiment 1. Three additional experiments determined whether evidence of the distinction between structureand surface could be obtained in various similarity judgment tasks. Pairs of musical fragments were composed so that the members of each pair embodied (1) the same structure and same surface harmony, or (2) the same structure but different surface harmony, or (3) a different structure but same surface harmony. The rating task used in Experiments 4 and 5 showed that the members of Type-2 pairs of fragments were perceived to be just as similar as the members of Type-1 pairs, but Type-3 pairs were rated significantly lower in similarity. Thus, similarity judgments were based on underlying hierarchic structure, even in the face of radical harmony differences on the surface. This effect increased in strength with repeated hearing. The results support the cognitive reality of hierarchic structure, but are influenced by the type of perception used in a particular similarity judgment task and by the experience of repeated hearings.

Carefree Handling Systems for Helicopters

1992 ◽  
Vol 206 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
C P Massey
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Flight Control ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Visual Displays ◽  
Tactile Cues

A programme of work is being undertaken with the aim of defining features to help the pilot respect the helicopter's numerous flight limitations, reducing the workload and enhancing mission performance. Carefree handling features that have been studied include visual, audible and tactile cues and direct intervention methods. These features have been evaluated in a series of piloted simulation trials at DRA Bedford. Most of the work to date has been based around helicopters with active control technology (ACT) flight control systems, but conventionally controlled helicopters have also been considered. Results from the programme suggest some benefits for head-up visual displays, tactile and audible cues, with more significant benefits for the direct intervention methods. A combination of these features allows the pilot to use the full performance of the vehicle without exceeding limits and at low pilot workload.

Impact of Visual Scene Field of View on F-16 Pilot Performance

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie L. Estock ◽  
Amy L. Alexander ◽  
Emily M. Stelzer ◽  
Kathryn Baughman
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Visual Scene ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
Standard Training ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Integrated Team

The tremendous expense and inherent dangers of training in the aircraft have led to the increased use of simulators for practicing and maintaining air combat skills; However, the advantages and disadvantages of using high or low-fidelity simulators for such training must be specified. An experiment was conducted to examine the in-simulator performance differences between pilots flying lower-fidelity simulators compared to higher-fidelity simulators. The primary difference between the two simulators is the visual scene field-of-view. Sixteen U.S. Air Force F-16 pilots flew standard training missions as an integrated team of four (a “four-ship”) with two pilots flying in the high-fidelity simulators and two pilots flying in the lower-fidelity simulators. Various subjective and objective measures were collected to assess the pilots' ability to maintain a briefed formation. Overall, the results suggest that pilots who practice four-ship employment in the lower-fidelity simulators can perform at the same level as those who practice in the high-fidelity simulators. Future analyses should be conducted to examine the impact of simulator fidelity on other air combat skills and on training effectiveness.

Efficient Parametric Optimization for Expensive Single Objective Problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jonathan Weaver-Rosen ◽  
Richard Malak
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Sampling ◽  
Parametric Optimization ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Test Problems ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Parametric optimization solves optimization problems as a function of uncontrollable or unknown parameters. Such an approach allows an engineer to gather more information than traditional optimization procedures during design. Existing methods for parametric optimization of computationally or monetarily expensive functions can be too time-consuming or impractical to solve. Therefore, new methods for the parametric optimization of expensive functions need to be explored. This work proposes a novel algorithm that leverages the advantages of two existing optimization algorithms. This new algorithm is called the efficient parametric optimization (EPO) algorithm. EPO enables adaptive sampling of a high-fidelity design space using an inexpensive low-fidelity response surface model. Such an approach largely reduces the required number of expensive high-fidelity computations. The proposed method is benchmarked using analytic test problems and used to evaluate a case study requiring finite element analysis. Results show that EPO performs as well as or better than the existing alternative, P3GA, for these problems given an allowable number of function evaluations.

scholarly journals Design of Neutron Microscopes Equipped with Wolter Mirror Condenser and Objective Optics for High-Fidelity Imaging and Beam Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abir ◽  
Daniel S. Hussey ◽  
Boris Khaykovich
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Neutron Imaging ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Signal Rate ◽  
Pinhole Imaging ◽  
Standard Neutron ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Very High ◽  
Better Than

We present and compare the designs of three types of neutron microscopes for high-resolution neutron imaging. Like optical microscopes, and unlike standard neutron imaging instruments, these microscopes have both condenser and image-forming objective optics. The optics are glancing-incidence axisymmetric mirrors and therefore suitable for polychromatic neutron beams. The mirrors are designed to provide a magnification of 10 to achieve a spatial resolution of better than 10 μm. The resolution of the microscopes is determined by the mirrors rather than by the L/Dratio as in conventional pinhole imaging, leading to possible dramatic improvements in the signal rate. We predict the increase in the signal rate by at least two orders of magnitude for very high-resolution imaging, which is always flux limited. Furthermore, in contrast to pinhole imaging, in the microscope, the samples are placed far from the detector to allow for a bulky sample environment without sacrificing spatial resolution.

Further Study of Short-Term Memory for Various Types of Stimuli as a Function of Repression-Sensitization

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1163-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Bergquist ◽  
Peter M. Lewinsohn ◽  
Braddie Benson
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
Visual Displays ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Better Than

Sensitizers were hypothesized to perform significantly better than repressors on a short-term memory task. Ss were presented with pairs of visual displays for brief durations (.75 sec. per display). Each display contained one word, picture, geometric design, and color. After 0, 7.5, or 15 sec., Ss were instructed to recall these display elements. Differences in rate of recall between repression-sensitization (R-S) groups (as measured by the Byrne R-S scale) were not found to be significant. Results were discussed with reference to previous findings (Bergquist, et al., 1968).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document