Components of Perceived Risk for Consumer Products

The present study examined the underlying dimensions associated with perceived risk for consumer products. Eighty undergraduate students evaluated 40 products using seventeen rating questions. Principal components analysis was then performed on the ratings. Results indicated the presence of three underlying components or dimensions along which the products varied. The first component dealt with qualitative aspects of the risks associated with a product, such as the degree to which potential hazards were known (or knowable) and the immediacy of their onset. The second component concerned subjects' familiarity with the product. The third component was associated with quantitative aspects of the risks and reflected notions about the magnitude of the potential harm (in terms of the number of potential victims) that might be incurred as a result of using the product. Subsequent regression analyses revealed that each dimension was significantly related to subjects' rated intent to act cautiously with a product. Overall, these results suggest that people do not perceive consumer products unidimensionally. Rather, such perceptions are best conceptualized as reflecting multiple underlying facets.

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Reliability of the Ego-Grasping Scale

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/02.07.17.pr0.110.2.378-382 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 110 (2) ◽

pp. 378-382

Author(s):

David Lester

Keyword(s):

Cultural Studies ◽

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Principal Components ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Varimax Rotation ◽

Cronbach Alpha ◽

Components Analysis ◽

Cross Cultural Studies

Research using Knoblauch and Falconer's Ego-Grasping Scale is reviewed. Using a sample of 695 undergraduate students, the scale had moderate reliability (Cronbach alpha, odd-even numbered items, and test-retest), but a principal-components analysis with a varimax rotation identified five components, indicating heterogeneity in the content of the items. Lower Ego-Grasping scores appear to be associated with better psychological health. The scale has been translated and used with Korean, Kuwaiti, and Turkish students, indicating that the scale can be useful in cross-cultural studies.

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Validating the Physical Educators’ Attitude Toward Teaching Individuals with Disabilities III (PEATID III) Survey for Future Professionals

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.19.2.141 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 141-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sherry L. Folsom-Meek ◽

Terry L. Rizzo

Keyword(s):

Students With Disabilities ◽

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Principal Components ◽

Academic Preparation ◽

Physical Educators ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Oblique Rotation ◽

Individuals With Disabilities ◽

Components Analysis

The purpose of this study was to assess validity and reliability of the Physical Educators’ Attitude Toward Teaching Individuals with Disabilities III (PEATID III; Rizzo, 1993) for future professionals. Participants (N = 3,464) were undergraduate students enrolled in the introductory adapted physical education course at 235 colleges and universities. Construct validity was obtained through principal components analysis with oblique rotation and supported by principal components analysis with varimax rotation. Results showed that PEATID III measures three factors: (a) outcomes of teaching students with disabilities in regular classes, (b) effects on student learning, and (c) need for more academic preparation to teach students with disabilities. Reliability, as estimated through coefficient alpha, was .88 for the total scale and .71 or greater for each of the disability subscales.

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Multivariate Analysis of Remains of Molluscan Foods Consumed by Latest Pleistocene and Holocene Humans in Nerja Cave, Málaga, Spain

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1006/qres.1997.1920 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 215-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Francisco Serrano ◽

Antonio Guerra-Merchán ◽

Carmen Lozano-Francisco ◽

José Luis Vera-Peláez

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Principal Components ◽

Late Quaternary ◽

Western Mediterranean ◽

Temperature Curve ◽

Sea Surface ◽

The Third ◽

Holocene Sediments ◽

Components Analysis

AbstractNerja Cave is a karstic cavity used by humans from Late Paleolithic to post-Chalcolithic times. Remains of molluscan foods in the uppermost Pleistocene and Holocene sediments were studied with cluster analysis and principal components analysis, in bothQ and R modes. The results from cluster analysis distinguished interval groups mainly in accordance with chronology and distinguished assemblages of species mainly according to habitat. Significant changes in the shellfish diet through time were revealed. In the Late Magdalenian, most molluscs consumed consisted of pulmonate gastropods and species from sandy sea bottoms. The Epipaleolithic diet was more varied and included species from rocky shorelines. From the Neolithic onward most molluscs consumed were from rocky shorelines. From the principal components analysis inQ mode, the first factor reflected mainly changes in the predominant capture environment, probably because of major paleogeographic changes. The second factor may reflect selective capture along rocky coastlines during certain times. The third factor correlated well with the sea-surface temperature curve in the western Mediterranean (Alboran Sea) during the late Quaternary.

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Morphology and genetics concur that Anoura carishina is a synonym of Anoura latidens (Chiroptera, Glossophaginae)

Mammalia ◽

10.1515/mammalia-2020-0183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Camilo A. Calderón-Acevedo ◽

Miguel E. Rodríguez-Posada ◽

Nathan Muchhala

Keyword(s):

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Principal Components ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Similar Species ◽

Dental Morphology ◽

The Third ◽

Triangular Shape ◽

Components Analysis ◽

Taxonomic Groups ◽

Anoura Geoffroyi

Abstract Anoura carishina was described based on cranial and dental morphology, but the original analyses did not include Anoura latidens, a similar species of Anoura. We used morphological, morphometric, and genetic analyses to evaluate the taxonomic identity of A. carishina. We performed a principal components analysis to evaluate the correspondence between morphological and taxonomic groups for 260 specimens of large-bodied Anoura (A. carishina, Anoura geoffroyi, A. latidens, and Anoura peruana), and statistically analyzed traits diagnostic for A. latidens, including (1) morphology of the third upper premolar (P4), (2) size of the second (P3) and third (P4) upper premolars, and (3) angle formed by the maxillary toothrows. We find that A. latidens and A. carishina are indistinguishable, and share several characters lacking in A. geoffroyi, including a P4 with triangular shape, an under-developed anterobasal cusp in the P3, a smaller braincase, and a shorter rostrum. Phylogenetic analyses using ultra-conserved elements infer that the holotype and two paratype specimens of A. carishina are paraphyletic and nested within A. latidens, while one paratype diagnosable by morphology as A. geoffroyi nests within A. geoffroyi samples. We demonstrate that A. carishina should be considered a junior synonym of A. latidens, updating the distribution of the latter.

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Components of Perceived Risk: A Reconciliation of Previous Findings

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129403801420 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 38 (14) ◽

pp. 888-892 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stephen L. Young ◽

Kenneth R. Laughery

Keyword(s):

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Principal Components ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Risk Perceptions ◽

Large Measure ◽

Components Analysis ◽

Coherent Picture ◽

People’S Perceptions ◽

Three Components

People's perceptions of the risk associated with a product, in large measure, determines the degree of caution they will exhibit with regard to that product. Previous attempts to examine risk and to determine what factors are important in the composition of risk have produced disparate findings. Specifically, some studies have demonstrated that likelihood of injury plays an important role in risk perceptions (e.g., Slovic, Fischhoff & Lichtenstein, 1980), and other research shows that severity of potential injury plays the foremost role (e.g., Wogalter, Desaulniers & Brelsford, 1986; 1987). It was not until risk was conceived of in multidimensional terms that a coherent picture of risk seemed possible. The present study uses principal components analysis (PCA) to see if stable multidimensional solutions could be extracted from two qualitatively (and significandy) different item lists (as demonstrated by Young, Wogalter & Brelsford, 1992). Two sets of subjects rated the two different item lists on the same rating questions. The results were collapsed across subjects and submitted to a PCA. The solutions that emerged from the two item lists were strikingly similar. Each produced three components, with similar variable loadings and magnitudes. The results demonstrate clearly that risk, conceived of multidimensionally, is not affected by the products, technologies or activities under consideration. Rather, risk is a construct that could be tapped in order to give people a proper appreciation of the hazards associated with products and technologies that they encounter every day.

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The Spanish Version of Betts' Questionnaire upon Mental Imagery

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.96.1.51-56 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 51-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Alfredo Campos ◽

María José Pérez-Fabello

Keyword(s):

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Principal Components ◽

Visual Imagery ◽

Spanish Version ◽

Orthogonal Rotation ◽

English Version ◽

Original English Version ◽

Components Analysis

Sheehan's shortened form of Betts' Questionnaire Upon Mental Imagery is one of the most widely used inventories for measuring imaging. Participants were 562 undergraduate students (414 women and 148 men), with a mean age of 20.2 yr. In a principal components analysis followed by varimax orthogonal rotation for the Spanish version, eight factors were identified, six of which coincide with those of the original English version. Internal consistency was .92 (Cronbach alpha). Scores on the Betts Questionnaire Upon Mental Imagery correlated −.34 with those on the Gordon Test of Visual Imagery Control, .58 with those on the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire, and .02 with the Verbalizer-Visualizer Questionnaire.

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The Golf Players' Motivations: The Algarve Case

Tourism and Hospitality Research ◽

10.1057/palgrave.thr.6050014 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 227-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Antonia Correia ◽

Pedro Pintassilgo

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Social Environment ◽

Principal Components ◽

Golf Courses ◽

The Sun ◽

Market Segments ◽

The Third ◽

Components Analysis ◽

Selection Of

The purpose of this article is to investigate the motivations behind golf demand in the Algarve — one of Europe's most popular golf destinations. The research is based on the results of a survey on the golf demand of Algarve's golf courses, held in 2002. In order to identify the main motives behind golf demand in the region, a principal components analysis was performed. Four main choice factors were identified to explain the selection of Algarve's golf courses. The first was designated social environment and is associated with motives such as events and beaches. The second, leisure, is related to restaurants and bars, landscape, weather and accommodation. The third, entitled golf, is directly related to characteristics of courses. The fourth, logistics, is associated with variables such as price and accessibility. It is also found, through a cluster analysis that the choice factors can be associated with three market segments: the tourist golfer, who is mostly concerned with the golf courses and the game; the householder golfer, essentially centred on accommodation, gastronomy, landscape, weather, price and accessibility; and finally, the sun-beach tourist, who is mostly interested in tourist opportunities.

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Assessing Computer Anxiety

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1989.65.3.735 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 735-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Brett A. Cohen ◽

Gordon W. Waugh

Keyword(s):

Principal Components Analysis ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Principal Components ◽

Computer Anxiety ◽

Psychology Students ◽

Men And Women ◽

Clinical Psychology Students ◽

Industrial Organizational Psychology ◽

Analysis Computer ◽

Components Analysis

A study was conducted to develop a scale for assessing computer anxiety. The scale was administered to 152 psychology students. The responses were then subjected to both item and principal components analysis. Computer anxiety was significantly and negatively correlated –.48 with the total amount of experience individuals had had with computers. Graduate and undergraduate students did not differ significantly in anxiety. When controlling for amount of experience with computers, clinical psychology students reported more anxiety than industrial-organizational psychology students, but men and women did not differ significantly in anxiety.

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