Longitudinal Study of Bone Density and Periodontal Disease in Men

Bone loss is a feature of both periodontitis and osteoporosis, and periodontal destruction may be influenced by systemic bone loss. This study evaluated the association between periodontal disease and bone mineral density (BMD) in a cohort of 1347 (137 edentulous) older men followed for an average of 2.7 years. Participants were recruited from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. Random half-mouth dental measures included clinical attachment loss (CAL), pocket depth (PD), calculus, plaque, and bleeding. BMD was measured at the hip, spine, and whole-body, by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and at the heel by ultrasound. After adjustment for age, smoking, race, education, body mass index, and calculus, there was no association between number of teeth, periodontitis, periodontal disease progression, and either BMD or annualized rate of BMD change. We found little evidence of an association between periodontitis and skeletal BMD among older men.

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Local Drug Delivery to Treat Chronic Periodontitis

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2019123 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (02) ◽

pp. 158-162

Author(s):

Mamoora Arslaan ◽

Nasim Karim ◽

Wahab Baksh Kadri ◽

Shama Asghar

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Matrix Metalloproteases ◽

Local Drug Delivery ◽

Direct Access ◽

Collagenolytic Activity ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Clinical Attachment Loss

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of periodontium characterized by increased pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, sulcular bleeding, and bone loss. Bacterial plaque bio-film stimulates host derived enzymes and cytokines like TNF , IL-1 and matrix metalloproteases that lead to destruction of periodontium, collagenolytic activity, decreased bone mineral density, intra-bony defects and ultimately bone loss. Chronic periodontitis is managed by conventional and systemic approach, where conventional therapy comprises of scaling and root planning. Mechanical debridement of plaque also requires an adjunct to eradicate the root cause of progressing disease. Hence, worldwide paradigm has shifted towards novel therapies; therefore, local delivery of drug is now preferred due to direct access to target sites with considerably less adverse effects and a better approach to deal with chronic periodontitis. The nano-particle technology to treat periodontitis is still an emerging and promising strategy for the management of disease with the provision of minimal dose, less invasive procedure and clinical efficacy.

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Anxiety Levels Predict Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women Undergoing Oral Bisphosphonates: A Two-Year Follow-Up

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18158144 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 8144

Author(s):

Gabriella Martino ◽

Federica Bellone ◽

Carmelo M. Vicario ◽

Agostino Gaudio ◽

Andrea Caputo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Oral Bisphosphonates ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽

Anxiety Levels

Clinical psychological factors may predict medical diseases. Anxiety level has been associated with osteoporosis, but its role on bone mineral density (BMD) change is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between anxiety levels and both adherence and treatment response to oral bisphosphonates (BPs) in postmenopausal osteoporosis. BMD and anxiety levels were evaluated trough dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), respectively. Participants received weekly medication with alendronate or risedronate and were grouped according to the HAM-A scores into tertiles (HAM-A 3 > HAM-A 2 > HAM-A 1). After 24 months, BMD changes were different among the HAM-A tertiles. The median lumbar BMD change was significantly greater in both the HAM-A 2 and HAM-A 3 in comparison with the HAM-A 1. The same trend was observed for femoral BMD change. Adherence to BPs was >75% in 68% of patients in the HAM-A 1, 79% of patients in the HAM-A 2, and 89% of patients in the HAM-A 3 (p = 0.0014). After correcting for age, body mass index, depressive symptoms, and the 10-yr. probability of osteoporotic fractures, anxiety levels independently predicted lumbar BMD change (β = 0.3417, SE 0.145, p = 0.02). In conclusion, women with higher anxiety levels reported greater BMD improvement, highlighting that anxiety was associated with adherence and response to osteoporosis medical treatment, although further research on this topic is needed.

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Estimation of lumbar spine bone mineral density by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: standard anteroposterior scansvssub-regional analyses of whole-body scans

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr/22307093 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 81 (968) ◽

pp. 637-642 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M BOYANOV

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Spine Bone Mineral Density ◽

Whole Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

Regional Analyses

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Risk Factors for the Development of Osteoporosis and Osteoporotic Fractures Among Older Men

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.080527 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 36 (9) ◽

pp. 1947-1952 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

MARIA THOMAS-JOHN ◽

MARY B. CODD ◽

SIALAJA MANNE ◽

NELSON B. WATTS ◽

ANNE-BARBARA MONGEY

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

African American ◽

Dairy Products ◽

African American Men ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Fragility Fractures ◽

Older Men ◽

Current Treatment ◽

Androgen Deprivation ◽

Mineral Density

Objective.Osteoporotic fractures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality particularly among older men. However, there is little information regarding risk factors among this population. The aims of our study were to determine risk factors for osteoporosis and fragility fractures and the predictive value of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements for development of fragility fractures in a cohort of elderly Caucasian and African American men.Methods.We evaluated 257 men aged 70 years or older for risk factors for osteoporosis and fragility fractures using a detailed questionnaire and BMD assessment. Exclusion criteria included conditions known to cause osteoporosis such as hypogonadism and chronic steroid use, current treatment with bisphosphonates, bilateral hip arthroplasties, and inability to ambulate independently.Results.Age, weight, weight loss, androgen deprivation treatment, duration of use of dairy products, exercise, and fracture within 10 years prior to study entry were associated with osteoporosis (p ≤ 0.05). Fragility fractures were associated with duration of use of dairy products, androgen deprivation treatment, osteoporosis, and history of fracture within 10 years prior to BMD assessment (p ≤ 0.05). There were some differences in risk factors between the Caucasian and African American populations, suggesting that risk factors may vary between ethnic groups.Conclusion.Although men with osteoporosis had a higher rate of fractures, the majority of fractures occurred in men with T-scores > −2.5 standard deviations below the mean, suggesting that factors other than BMD are also important in determining risk.

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Periodontal conditions of teeth presenting pathologic migration

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242004000400005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 301-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maurício Ribeiro Costa ◽

Karina Gonzales Silvério ◽

Carlos Rossa Júnior ◽

Joni Augusto Cirelli

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Clinical Attachment Loss ◽

Attachment Loss ◽

Frequent Type ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Periodontal Destruction

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the periodontal conditions of anterior teeth that presented pathologic migration in patients with chronic periodontitis and to compare periodontal destruction in migrated versus non-migrated teeth. The sample included 32 patients of both sexes (mean age: 46.0 ± 11.6 years) diagnosed with generalized chronic periodontitis and selected on the basis of the presence of pathologic migration in one or more anterior teeth. This migration was classified according to the following categories: facial flaring, diastema, proximal tilting, rotation or extrusion. The periodontal parameters recorded were clinical attachment loss (CAL) and percentage of radiographic bone loss (BL). Mean CAL of 5.50 ± 2.20 mm and mean BL of 41.90 ± 15.40% were found in 115 teeth assessed. The most frequent type of migration was facial flaring (34.80%), followed by diastema (27.00%). Extrusion was hardly observed in the sample (4.30%). However, greater severity of BL and CAL were observed in teeth with this type of migration (59.44% and 8.42 mm, respectively), and in teeth with facial flaring (45.17% of BL and 6.07 mm of CAL). Kruskal-Wallis test indicated that BL presented by teeth with extrusion or facial flaring was greater than that observed in rotated or tilted teeth (p < 0.05), while there was no difference between groups regarding CAL (p = 0.11). It was observed that anterior teeth with pathologic migration presented greater CAL and BL (5.1 mm and 40%) than non-migrated teeth (4.1 and 31%). The study indicated that the most prevalent kind of pathologic migration is facial flaring, which was associated to higher level of bone loss.

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Posterior-Anterior and Lateral Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry for the Assessment of Vertebral Osteoporosis and Bone Loss Among Older Men

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research ◽

10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.7.1417 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 1417-1424 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Joseph M. Zmuda ◽

Jane A. Cauley ◽

Nancy W. Glynn ◽

Joel S. Finkelstein

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Older Men ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Vertebral Osteoporosis ◽

X Ray ◽

Posterior Anterior

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Validating gingival surface temperature as an alternative tool in the diagnosis of periodontal disease activity: An observational clinical trial

Journal of Dental Research Dental Clinics Dental Prospects ◽

10.15171/joddd.2019.019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 123-127

Author(s):

Sumanth Gunupati ◽

Hasya Sappiti ◽

Sreenivas Nagarakanti ◽

BV Ramesh Reddy ◽

Vijay Kumar Chava

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Surface Temperature ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Clinical Attachment Loss ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Pilot Clinical Study

Background. Elevated temperature has been recognized as an inflammatory sign. It is the only indication that can be both objectively and quantitatively evaluated and is considered as a potential indicator of periodontal disease. Assessing gingival surface temperature (GST) could be a diagnostic parameter to determine periodontal health. This pilot clinical study aimed to validate gingival surface temperature (GST) as a clinical diagnostic tool to measure periodontal disease activity by correlating with the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA). Methods. A cross-sectional mono-center pilot study was conducted with a convenient sample of 50 participants with a mean age of 34.14±13.7 years. Clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth (PPD) clinical attachment loss (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured. GST was recorded with a single lead of the bedside patient monitor and correlated with PISA. Results. The results showed a positive correlation between PISA and GST (P=0.46). Conclusion. This study showed a rise in GST of inflamed sites, but the results did not support the hypothesis that increased GST is an indicator of periodontal disease. As this is a pilot study, further studies with more larger sample sizes need to be undertaken to confirm its use as a diagnostic tool in clinical trials.

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Instrumental diagnosis of osteosarcopenia in diagrams and tables

Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine ◽

10.37586/2686-8636-3-2021-350-356 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 358-364

Author(s):

A. V. Naumov ◽

D. V. Demenok ◽

Yu. S. Onuchina ◽

N. O. Khovasova ◽

V. I. Moroz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Mass Function ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Whole Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

Fracture Risk Assessment Tool ◽

History Of

Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are age-associated diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Osteosarcopenia, the presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia. The prevalence of osteosarcopenia in older adults with failing was 37% and associated with higher rate of death. Diagnosis of osteosarcopenia consists of describing medical history of fractures, providing x-ray of the spine (if it is needed) and bone densitometry, calculation of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), evaluating muscle strength, mass, function. The most common exam which is used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) is dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA). Screening using the FRAX is recommended in all postmenopausal women and mеn over 50 in order to identify individuals with high probability of fractures. It is recommended to diagnose osteoporosis in patients with fragility fracture of large bones of the skeleton. Diagnosis of sarcopenia is consist of measures for three parameters: muscle strength, muscle quantity/quality and physical performance as an indicator of severity. Muscle strength can be measured with carpal dynamometry. Muscle mass can be evaluated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (program «Whole body»). Muscle function can be evaluated with short physical performance battery (SPPB) tests. In this article described algorithm of diagnosis of osteosarcopenia.

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