scholarly journals Optimal design for outer rings of self-lubricating spherical plain bearings based on virtual orthogonal experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 168781401878340
Author(s):  
Lingzhu Gong ◽  
Xiaoxiang Yang ◽  
Kaibin Kong ◽  
Shuncong Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Equivalent Plastic Strain ◽  
Outer Ring ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
New Type ◽  
End Wall

To improve the product quality of self-lubricating spherical plain bearing, a new shape of the outer rings for spherical plain bearings was optimally designed based on virtual orthogonal experiments using finite element software ABAQUS. The depth inclined end wall, together with the length of annular wall, the depth of annular concavity, the outer ring thickness, and the edge radius were taken as the main structural parameters in the analysis. For the evaluation parameters, the maximum bearing clearance, the maximum contact pressure, the maximum extrusion load, and the maximum equivalent plastic strain were considered. The optimal structure parameter combination was identified based on the intuitive comprehensive balance analysis method. The simulation results demonstrated much improvement for the forming quality by using a new type of the outer ring, which was optimized by the virtual orthogonal experiments. The new type of the outer ring could be used to the forming process in assembling the spherical plain bearings.

Vacuum Forming Refrigerator Inner Liner Structural Optimization

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1069-1073
Author(s):  
Wen Bin Su ◽  
Xiang Bing Sun ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Bao Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Combination Scheme ◽  
Vacuum Forming ◽  
Validation Experiment

Thickness thinning is the principal quality problem in the vacuum forming process of the refrigerator inner liner. In this paper, the structural parameters of refrigerator inner liner were analyzed based on orthogonal experiments and numerical simulation. Optimized structural parameters combination scheme and the significance level of structural parameters to thickness were obtained by analyzing the results of orthogonal experiments. Validation experiment results shown that the quality of refrigerator inner liner based on the optimized structural parameters combination scheme improved effectively.

Law of Metal Flow of Thin-Walled Conical Part With Variable Section During Spinning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Xuedao ◽  
Xia Yingxiang ◽  
Zhu Ying ◽  
Li Zixuan ◽  
Ye Bohai
Keyword(s):  
Metal Flow ◽  
Conical Part ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Axial Tensile ◽  
Variable Section ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Forming Defects

Abstract During the spinning process of the variable-section thin-walled conical parts, the metal flow law is relatively complicated and the flange is prone to be unstable, which resulting in wrinkling and other defects. In this paper, the variable-section conical part of superalloy GH1140 is taken as the research object. The spinning forming process is numerically simulated by using Simufact Finite Element software and the metal flow in each stage of the forming process is analyzed. The flow velocity shows an annular distribution as a whole. The metal near the center of the circle flows more slowly, and the metal far from the circular flange flows more quickly. In the direction of thickness, the velocity of metal flow decreases gradually. Under the feeding action of the roller, the metal in front of the roller is subjected to axial tensile stress, tangential and radial compressive stress, resulting in a strain state of one-way tension and two-way compression. The metal moves along the negative direction of the rotary wheel feed, resulting in the increase of the sheet wall thickness. The correctness of the model in this paper is further verified by spinning experiments. The research results provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the mechanism of forming defects and improving the quality of spinning forming of conical thin-walled parts with variable sections.

Numerical Simulation of Cold Heading and Extruding for Spiral Bevel Gear

2010 ◽  
Vol 139-141 ◽  
pp. 1202-1205
Author(s):  
Ying Ying Chen ◽  
Wen Jie Feng ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Yong Du
Keyword(s):  
Bevel Gear ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Bevel Gears ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Optimum Diameter ◽  
Spiral Bevel ◽  
Deform 3D

This paper develops an opened forging and divided flow process for spiral bevel gears. By the help of rigid-plastic finite-element software DEFORM-3D, this paper designed cold-extruding part and concave die for bevel gear in the rear running gear of tri-motorcycle and simulated the forming process of cold-heading and extruding. On condition of guaranteeing shaping quality of teeth, the optimum diameter of die porthole was made sure by analyzing the effect of porthole size on volume of billet and plastic force. The experiment results show that the design parameter is reasonable and simulation results are helpful to the design of die.

Fine Blanking Technology Optimization of Front End Cover of Timing System for Compressed

2016 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yu Li ◽  
Chun Dong Zhu ◽  
Yan Chang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Fine Blanking ◽  
Front Cover ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
System A ◽  
Timing System ◽  
New Type ◽  
Blanking Process

Front cover is an important part of the car timing system, it is also an important parts of the engine to ensure the smooth flow.The quality of end cap is directly related to the normal and efficient operation of the engine.In this paper, through the research of the fine blanking process of the front cover of the timing system, a new type of fine blanking die is designed to improve the service life of the die and its parts.The influence rules of the process parameters such as the back top force, the counter pressure and the corner radius on punching smooth zone and the life of the mold, are analyzed by using the finite element software and a series of optimized process parameters are obtained after this.

Analysis of Stress and Strain on Shaft Parts for Closed Type of Cross Wedge Rolling during Stretching Stage

2015 ◽  
Vol 1095 ◽  
pp. 684-688
Author(s):  
Kai Yu Ji ◽  
Xue Dao Shu ◽  
Chao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Application ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Cross Wedge Rolling ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Closed Type ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Rolling Technology ◽  
Deform 3D

To improve the quality of shafts parts end in cross wedge rolling, this paper applied closed type of cross wedge rolling technology to form shaft parts. By using finite element software DEFORM-3D, simulation of forming process for closed type of cross wedge rolling was carried out. The distribution of the stress field and strain field during stretching stage is characterized as the metallic flowing of the rolling forming process. These results have great theoretical significance and engineering application value in the study of the generated mechanism of the end concavity for the closed type of cross wedge rolling and the improvement of the quality of rolled piece end.

scholarly journals Study on the Influence Law of Forming Quality of Clinched Joint for Dissimilar Metal Sheet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihan Li ◽  
Chuanwei Xu ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Xiaoheng Han ◽  
Fenglei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Forming Quality

Abstract The clinched process of heterogeneous materials is more and more used in automobile, aerospace, and household appliances manufacturing. Traditional spot welding is easy to produce heat influence and damage material itself, which restricts the application and development for the hybrid structure of the vehicle body. This paper is based on the test of clinching. The cross-section morphology of clinched joints is observed. Based on the tensile test data and the requirements of the test die, the finite element model of the steel-aluminum clinched joint forming is established. The model is proved to be effective in the process of clinched forming. Based on the simulation model, the influence of process parameters (forming process parameters, Punch’s geometry parameters, and concave die structural parameters) on the forming quality of steel- aluminum clinched joint is analyzed. The evaluation of the joint after forming includes the critical dimension, deformation, and neck-lock ratio. Then, the strength of the steel-aluminum clinched joint was studied by tensile shear test. The law of strength change and the neck-lock ratio is analyzed. The selection strategy of different process parameters is studied. The results show that the forming process of the joint is predicted by numerical simulation, and the quality of the joint is sound. The neck-lock ratio of the joint with the highest tensile and shear strength is less than one and close to 1, that is, the joint with forming force of 40kN. The tensile strength and shear strength of clinched joint are higher than the design index (shear strength is 1700N, tensile strength is 700N). The tensile strength was increased by 125%, and the shear strength was 62.35%.

scholarly journals Study on Near-Net Forming Technology for Stepped Shaft by Cross-Wedge Rolling Based on Variable Cone Angle Billets

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutao Han ◽  
Xuedao Shu ◽  
Chang Shu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Wave Mode ◽  
Shape Parameters ◽  
Cross Wedge Rolling ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Stepped Shaft

Considering problems about concaves at the stepped shaft ends, this paper established the plastic flow kinetic theories about metal deforming during the cross-wedge rolling (CWR) process. By means of the DEFORM-3D finite element software and the point tracing method, the forming process of stepped shafts and the forming mechanism of concaves at shaft ends were studied. Based on the forming features of stepped shafts, rolling pieces were designed using variable cone angle billets. Single-factor tests were conducted to analyze the influence law of the shape parameters of billet with variable cone angle on end concaves, and rolling experiments were performed for verification. According to the results, during the rolling process of stepped shafts, concaves will come into being in stages, and the increasing tendency of its depth is due to the wave mode, the parameters of cone angle α, the first cone section length n. Furthermore, the total cone section length m has an increasingly weaker influence on the end concaves. Specifically, cone angle α has the most significant influence on the quality of shaft ends, which is about twice the influence of the total cone section length m. The concave depth will decrease at the beginning, and then increase with the increasing of the cone angle α and the first cone section length n, and it will decrease with the increasing of the total cone section length m. Finite element numerical analysis results are perfectly consistent with experimental results, with the error ratio being lower than 5%. The results provide a reliable theoretical basis for effectively disposing of end concave problems during CWR, rationally confirming the shape parameters of billets with a variable cone angle, improving the quality of stepped shaft ends, and realizing the near-net forming process of cross-wedge rolling without a stub bar.

Schwingungsüberlagertes Axialformen/Superimposed Oscillated Axial Forming

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 838-843
Author(s):  
Philipp Müller ◽  
Bernd-Arno Behrens ◽  
Sven Hübner ◽  
Hendrik Vogt ◽  
Daniel Rosenbusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Wird Eine ◽  
Forming Force ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Great Economic Importance ◽  
Gear Geometry

Techniken zur Steigerung der Formgebungsgrenzen in der Umformtechnik sind von hoher wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Schwingungsüberlagerung im Krafthauptfluss eines Axialformprozesses zur Ausprägung einer Verzahnungsgeometrie untersucht. Die Auswirkungen der Schwingung auf die erzielbare Ausfüllung der Zahnkavitäten werden analysiert sowie die Parameter Schmierung und Oberflächengüte der Halbzeuge in ihrer kombinierten Wirkung untersucht. Es konnte eine Reduzierung der mittleren Umformkraft sowie eine Erhöhung der Formfüllung festgestellt werden. Techniques for extending the production limits in forming technology are of great economic importance. In this research, a superimposed oscillation in the main force flow of an axial forming process to form an axial gear geometry is investigated. The effects of the superimposed oscillation on the achievable form-filling of the tooth cavities are analyzed and the parameters lubrication and surface quality of the semi-finished products are investigated in their combined effect. A reduction of the averaged forming force as well as an increase of the form-filling could be achieved.

scholarly journals Sodium Metasilicate Cemented Analogue Material and Its Mechanical Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songlin Yue ◽  
Yanyu Qiu ◽  
Pengxian Fan ◽  
Pin Zhang ◽  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Low Modulus ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Relationship

Analogue material with appropriate properties is of great importance to the reliability of geomechanical model test, which is one of the mostly used approaches in field of geotechnical research. In this paper, a new type of analogue material is developed, which is composed of coarse aggregate (quartz sand and/or barite sand), fine aggregate (barite powder), and cementitious material (anhydrous sodium silicate). The components of each raw material are the key influencing factors, which significantly affect the physical and mechanical parameters of analogue materials. In order to establish the relationship between parameters and factors, the material properties including density, Young’s modulus, uniaxial compressive strength, and tensile strength were investigated by a series of orthogonal experiments with hundreds of samples. By orthogonal regression analysis, the regression equations of each parameter were obtained based on experimental data, which can predict the properties of the developed analogue materials according to proportions. The experiments and applications indicate that sodium metasilicate cemented analogue material is a type of low-strength and low-modulus material with designable density, which is insensitive to humidity and temperature and satisfies mechanical scaling criteria for weak rock or soft geological materials. Moreover, the developed material can be easily cast into structures with complex geometry shapes and simulate the deformation and failure processes of prototype rocks.

scholarly journals Research and Fabrication of Broadband Ring Flextensional Underwater Transducer

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1548
Author(s):  
Jiuling Hu ◽  
Lianjin Hong ◽  
Lili Yin ◽  
Yu Lan ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Flexural Vibration ◽  
Underwater Acoustic Communication ◽  
Voltage Response ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Spherical Cap ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Underwater Transducer

At present, high-speed underwater acoustic communication requires underwater transducers with the characteristics of low frequency and broadband. The low-frequency transducers also are expected to be low-frequency directional for realization of point-to-point communication. In order to achieve the above targets, this paper proposes a new type of flextensional transducer which is constructed of double mosaic piezoelectric ceramic rings and spherical cap metal shells. The transducer realizes broadband transmission by means of the coupling between radial vibration of the piezoelectric rings and high-order flexural vibration of the spherical cap metal shells. The low-frequency directional transmission of the transducer is realized by using excitation signals with different amplitude and phase on two mosaic piezoelectric rings. The relationship between transmitting voltage response (TVR), resonance frequency and structural parameters of the transducer is analyzed by finite element software COMSOL. The broadband performance of the transducer is also optimized. On this basis, the low-frequency directivity of the transducer is further analyzed and the ratio of the excitation signals of the two piezoelectric rings is obtained. Finally, a prototype of the broadband ring flextensional underwater transducer is fabricated according to the results of simulation. The electroacoustic performance of the transducer is tested in an anechoic water tank. Experimental results show that the maximum TVR of the transducer is 147.2 dB and the operation bandwidth is 1.5–4 kHz, which means that the transducer has good low-frequency, broadband transmission capability. Meanwhile, cardioid directivity is obtained at 1.4 kHz and low-frequency directivity is realized.

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