Challenges in Access to Support Resources for Diabetic Patients: A Qualitative Study in Deprived Areas of Iran

2021 ◽  
pp. 174239532110494
Author(s):  
Arezoo Shahsavari ◽  
Fatemeh Estebsari ◽  
Foroozan Atashzadeh-Shoorideh ◽  
Mahnaz Ilkhani
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Support Resources ◽  
Deprived Areas

Objectives This study aimed to identify the perceptions of challenges in access to diabetes-related support resources among patients with type 2 diabetes and their family caregivers. Methods This qualitative study was conducted with 18 patients with type 2 diabetes and nine of their family caregivers, using the conventional content analysis method, in 2020 in Lorestan Province, Iran. The participants were selected through purposive sampling and the process continued until the data was saturated. Thirty semi-structured interviews, carried out from February to April 2020, were used to collect the data; they were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s content analysis (2004). Results The study showed two main categories of structural challenges (subcategories: shortage of skilled professionals and defects in executive processes) and destructive inefficiencies (subcategories: service bottlenecks, uncertain support, and irresponsibility of medical team), indicating the dimensions of the participants’ perceptions of barriers to support. Discussion The findings of the study showed that barriers relating to the structure and function of healthcare organizations were among the most important challenges perceived by patients with diabetes when pursuing their care. However, there may be other barriers that have not been addressed due to the lack of support resources in deprived areas and the lack of awareness of patients.

scholarly journals Preparation, Reliability, and Validity of a Japanese Version of the “Satisfaction of Treatment among Caregivers of Dependent Type 2 Diabetic Patients” Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ida ◽  
Ryutaro Kaneko ◽  
Kanako Imataka ◽  
Kaoru Okubo ◽  
Yoshitaka Shirakura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels

The aim of this study was to prepare a Japanese version of the “Satisfaction of Treatment among Caregivers of Dependent Type 2 Diabetic Patients” (STCD2-J) questionnaire, which is used to assess the satisfaction of family caregivers with respect to the treatment for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who require support. In addition, the reliability and validity of the STCD2-J questionnaire were analyzed. A Japanese version of the original STCD2 questionnaire was prepared, revised, and back-translated; the back-translated version was sent to the authors of the original version for confirmation. Family caregivers of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged ≥65 years who regularly underwent medical examinations at the diabetes mellitus outpatient clinic of Ise Red Cross Hospital were included. Cronbach’s α coefficient was calculated to assess internal consistency. Exploratory factor analyses were performed to assess construct validity, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients between STCD2-J score and HbA1c as well as the degree of satisfaction with patients’ blood glucose levels, depression, and negative self-assessment of nursing care were calculated to assess criterion-related validity. This study included 208 individuals (55 males and 153 females). Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.88. Factor analyses showed a single-factor structure both with and without rotation. The STCD2-J scores were significantly inversely correlated with HbA1c (r=−0.27, P<0.001). Significant correlations were observed between the STCD2-J scores and degree of satisfaction with patients’ blood glucose levels (r=0.43, P<0.001), depression (r=−0.20, P=0.003), and negative self-assessment of nursing care (r=−0.19, P=0.004). The reliability and validity of the STCD2-J questionnaire were confirmed. The STCD2-J questionnaire can be used in Japan as a tool to assess the satisfaction of family caregivers with the treatment of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus requiring support.

scholarly journals Viver e conviver com diabetes: dificuldades experienciadas no enfrentamento e manejo da doença [Living with diabetes: difficulties experienced in coping with, and managing, the disease] [Vivir y convivir con la diabetes: dificultades vividas en el afrontamiento y control de la enfermedad]

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. e18221
Author(s):  
Aliny De Lima Santos ◽  
Gilvan Ferreira Felipe ◽  
Leilane Barbosa Souza ◽  
Saiwori De Jesus Bezerra dos Anjos ◽  
Sonia Silva Marcon
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Thematic Units ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Diabetes Tipo 2 ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Objetivo: apreender, na perspectiva de pessoas com diabetes tipo 2, como se dá a convivência com a doença. Método: estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa em que foram realizadas 12 oficinas com a participação de 26 pessoas. Todos os encontros foram gravados, transcritos e após submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram duas unidades temáticas: Diagnóstico ou sentença? Reconhecendo dificuldades ocultas no viver com diabetes, na qual percebeu-se que a doença, por vezes, é associada a sentimentos negativos, tais como o medo da morte, e; Vivenciando o controle da doença e a mudança de hábitos, que revela dificuldades envolvidas na convivência com a doença, especialmente, quanto a necessidade de mudanças alimentares. Conclusão: as dificuldades no conviver com o diabetes estão relacionadas à forma como o indivíduo percebe a doença em sua vida, ao seu enfrentamento e, de modo geral, prejudicam seu controle e prevenção de complicações.ABSTRACTObjective: to learn, from the perspective of a person with type 2 diabetes, what it is like to live with the disease. Method: in this descriptive, qualitative study, 12 focus groups were carried out, with 26 people participating. All meetings were recorded, transcribed and submitted to content analysis. Results: two thematic units emerged: Diagnosis or sentence? Recognizing hidden difficulties in living with diabetes, in which it was perceived that the disease is sometimes associated with negative feelings, such as fear of death; and The experience of controlling the disease and changing habits, which reveals difficulties involved in living with the disease, especially as regards the need for changes in diet. Conclusion: the difficulties in living with diabetes relate to how individuals perceive the disease in their lives and to how they cope with it, and generally impair control of the disease and prevention of complications.RESUMENObjetivo: entender, en la perspectiva de personas con diabetes tipo 2, cómo viven con la enfermedad. Método: estudio cualitativo descriptivo, desarrollado en 12 talleres, con la participación de 26 personas. Se grabaron y transcribieron todas las reuniones y después se las sometió al análisis de contenido. Resultados: dos unidades temáticas surgieron: ¿diagnóstico o sentencia? Reconociendo dificultades ocultas al vivir con diabetes, cuando se percibe que la enfermedad se asocia, a veces, a sentimientos negativos, como el miedo a la muerte, y; Experimentar el control de la enfermedad y el cambio de hábitos que revela dificultades involucradas en el vivir con la enfermedad, especialmente respecto a la necesidad de cambios en la dieta. Conclusión: las dificultades en convivir con la diabetes están relacionadas con la forma cómo el individuo percibe la enfermedad en su vida, su enfrentamiento y, en general, perjudica su control y prevención de complicaciones.

scholarly journals Explain the Experience of Family Caregivers Regarding Care of Alzheimer's Patients: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadis Ashrafizadeh ◽  
Mahin Gheibizadeh ◽  
Maryam Rassouli ◽  
Fatemeh Hajibabaee ◽  
Shahnaz Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Data Saturation

Introduction: Due to the long-term and progressive nature of Alzheimer's disease, these patients need caregivers who will be responsible for their long-term care and who may then experience an increasing burden related to the progressive disease course, so it is important to understand the experiences of caregivers. The aim of this study was to explain the experience of family caregivers regarding care of Alzheimer's patients.Methods: The present qualitative study employed a conventional content analysis approach and was conducted in Iran in 2020. This research was done through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 11 qualified caregivers enrolled in a purposive sampling method. Interviews continued until data saturation. Data analysis was performed simultaneously with data collection. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed through Graneheim and Lundman style content analysis and data management was done with MAXQDA software. In order to achieve the accuracy and validity of the study, the Four-Dimensions Criteria (FDC) by Lincoln and Guba, credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transformability were considered and used.Results: A total of 11 caregivers with mean age and standard deviation 48, ±26.12 participated in the study. The acquired data were put in two main categories of “burnout and exhaustion” with six subcategories and “excellence and personal growth” with three subcategories.Conclusion: In this study, we found that perceptions of caregivers' role were not the same among study participants, who experienced both positive and negative dimensions of care provision to AD patients. The care experience has a spectrum that, in some people, leads to positive outcomes such as growth. A major part of caregiver challenges is related to the burden of caregiving strain and the erosive nature of the disease. Therefore, health planners should identify the challenges, pain and suffering of caregivers and seek to address them through appropriate strategies.

scholarly journals Yoga Program for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention (YOGA-DP) Among High-Risk People: Qualitative Study to Explore Reasons for Non-participation in a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallavi Mishra ◽  
Sheila Margaret Greenfield ◽  
Tess Harris ◽  
Mark Hamer ◽  
Sarah Anne Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Feasibility Rct

Background: Yoga-based interventions can be effective in preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We developed a Yoga program for T2DM prevention (YOGA-DP) among high-risk people and conducted a feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) in India. The objective of this study was to identify and explore why potential participants declined to participate in the feasibility RCT.Methods: An exploratory qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews, was conducted at a Yoga center in New Delhi, India. Fourteen people (10 women and four men) who declined to participate in the feasibility RCT were interviewed, and 13 of them completed the non-participant questionnaire, which captured their socio-demographics, diets, physical activities, and reasons for declining.Results: Three types of barriers were identified and explored which prevented participation in the feasibility RCT: (1) personal barriers, such as lack of time, perceived sufficiency of knowledge, preferences about self-management of health, and trust in other traditional and alternative therapies; (2) contextual barriers, such as social influences and lack of awareness about preventive care; and (3) study-related barriers, such as lack of study information, poor accessibility to the Yoga site, and lack of trust in the study methods and intervention.Conclusions: We identified and explored personal, contextual, and study-related barriers to participation in a feasibility RCT in India. The findings will help to address recruitment challenges in future Yoga and other RCTs.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: CTRI/2019/05/018893.

Association of Major Dietary Patterns with General and Abdominal Obesity in Iranian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Ghane Basiri ◽  
Gity Sotoudeh ◽  
Mahmood Djalali ◽  
Mohammad Reza Eshraghian ◽  
Neda Noorshahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract. Background: The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns associated with general and abdominal obesity in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: We included 728 patients (35 - 65 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this cross-sectional study. The usual dietary intake of individuals over 1 year was collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured according to standard protocol. Results: The two major dietary patterns identified by factor analysis were healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. After adjustment for potential confounders, subjects in the highest quintile of the healthy dietary pattern scores had a lower odds ratio for the general obesity when compared to the lowest quintile (OR = 0.45, 95 % CI = 0.26 - 0.79, P for trend = 0.02), while patients in the highest quintile of the unhealthy dietary pattern scores had greater odds for the general obesity (OR = 3.2, 95 % CI = 1.8 - 5.9, P for trend < 0.001). There were no significant associations between major dietary patterns and abdominal obesity, even after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: This study shows that in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a healthy dietary pattern is inversely associated and an unhealthy dietary pattern is directly associated with general obesity.

ESTIMATION OF SERUM FERRITIN LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS AND ITS RELATION WITH HbA1C LEVEL.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Namrata Vinubhai ◽  
Pardeep Agarwal ◽  
Bushra Fiza ◽  
Ramkishan Jat
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background: Serum ferritin is known as an index for body iron stores also as an inflammatory marker and it is influenced by several disease. We were looking for a correlation between HbA1c and S. Ferritin in type 2 DM. Methodology: The present study a total of 150 participants were enrolled of which 100 were confirmed cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and rest 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects constituted the control group. All were screened for HbA1c, Fasting blood sugar, Post prandial blood sugar and S.Ferritin. Results: A highly significant variation and positive correlation was observed with respect to S.Ferritin and HbA1c levels. Mean S.Ferritin was high in the subgroup with poor glycemic control. Conclusion: The fasting, post prandial sugar levels, HbA1c and S.Ferritin were significantly higher in the diabetic subjects. This study shows a positive correlation between HbA1c and S. Ferritin levels. So we can conclude that in diabetic patients S. Ferritin may serve as an independent marker of poor glycemic and metabolic control. Keywords: Serum ferritin, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, HbA1c.

Recent Developments in Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors for Management of Type-2 Diabetes: An Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2510-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir Usman ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Saurabh Satija ◽  
Meenu Mehta ◽  
Manish Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Poor Patient Compliance ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

The incidence of diabetes has increased globally in recent years and figures of diabetic patients were estimated to rise up to 642 million by 2040. The disorder is accompanied with various complications if not managed at the early stages, and interlinked high mortality rate and morbidity with time. Different classes of drugs are available for the management of type 2 diabetes but were having certain limitations of their safety. Alphaglucosidase is a family of enzyme originated from the pancreas which plays a role in the anabolism of 80-90% of carbohydrate consumed into glucose. This glucose is absorbed into the blood and results in frank postprandial hyperglycemia and worsens the conditions of diabetic patients which precipitate complications. Inhibition of these enzymes helps to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia and the formation of glycated end products. Alphaglucosidase inhibitors are reported to be more important in adequate control of type 2, but marketed drugs have various side effects, such as poor patient compliance and also expensive. This proves the needs for other class of drugs with better efficacy, safety, patient compliance and economic. In this review, we have emphasized the recent advances in the field of new alpha-glucosidase inhibitors with improved safety and pharmacological profile.

scholarly journals Functional Cereal Products in the Diet for Type 2 Diabetes Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ada Krawęcka ◽  
Aldona Sobota ◽  
Emilia Sykut-Domańska
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Cereal Products

Type 2 diabetes has become one of the major health problems of the modern world. It is assumed that environmental factors have a significant impact on the development of the disease, and great importance is ascribed to the diet, which can be modified accordingly. The diet can exert prophylactic and therapeutic effects; changes in the diet in advanced disease can improve the quality of life of diabetic patients and minimise the risk of complications, which are the direct cause of diabetes-related death. Functional food, which has a potentially health-enhancing effect in addition to its nutritional value, has been increasingly recognised and required. Cereal products are crucial in diabetic nutrition. Their function can additionally be enhanced by fortification with compounds with proven hypoglycaemic effects. Pasta has a low glycaemic index and is a good carrier of fortifying substances; hence, it can be highly recommended in diets for diabetic patients.

Metabolic and endothelial effects of trimetazidine on forearm skeletal muscle in patients with type 2 diabetes and ischemic cardiomyopathy

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (1) ◽  
pp. E54-E59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucilla D. Monti ◽  
Emanuela Setola ◽  
Gabriele Fragasso ◽  
Riccardo P. Camisasca ◽  
Pietro Lucotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Endothelin 1

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of prolonged inhibition of β-oxidation on glucose and lipid muscle forearm metabolism and cGMP and endothelin-1 forearm release in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Fifteen patients were randomly allocated in a double-blind cross-over parallel study with trimetazidine (20 mg tid) or placebo lasting 15 days. At the end of each period, all patients underwent euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps with forearm indirect calorimetry and endothelial balance of vasodilator and vasoconstricor factors. Compared with placebo, trimetazidine induced 1) an increase in insulin-induced forearm glucose uptake and glucose oxidation accompained by a reduction in forearm lipid oxidation and citrate release and 2) a decrease of endothelin-1 release paralleled by a significant increase in forearm cGMP release. Forearm glucose oxidation significantly correlated with cGMP release ( r = 0.37, P < 0.04), whereas forearm lipid oxidation positively correlated with endothelin-1 release ( r = 0.40, P < 0.03). In conclusion, for the first time, we demonstrated that insulin-induced forearm glucose oxidation and forearm cGMP release were increased whereas forearm endothelin-1 release was decreased during trimetazidine treatment. Muscle's metabolic and vascular effects of trimetazidine add new interest in the use of trimetazidine in type 2 diabetic patients with cardiovascular disease.

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