EXPRESS: The Influence of Movement on Negative and Positive Emotional Responses to Animals

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110493
Author(s):  
Krystal Shea St. Peter ◽  
Laura L Vernon ◽  
Alan Kersten
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Animal Movement ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Still Images

Two studies were conducted to explore whether the addition of animal movement would influence the intensity of emotional reactions toward that animal. Both studies compared self-reported emotional reactions to still images and videos for six animal categories (snakes, spiders, rodents, hoofed animals, animals with flippers, and turtles). In Study 1, participants reported fear and disgust to the animal stimuli, which were averaged into a single negative emotion rating. In Study 2, participants reported either fear and disgust or joy and affection to the animal stimuli, which were averaged into either a single negative or positive emotion rating. Upon combining the reported emotions from the two studies, movement was found to increase negative emotion reported to snakes and spiders and decrease negative emotion reported to rodents, hoofed animals, and animals with flippers. Results from Study 2 indicated that movement increased reported positive emotions to all six animal categories. Our findings suggest that animal movement is an important component of emotional reactions to animals.

Personality Differences in Emotions

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiting Ng ◽  
Ed Diener
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Laboratory Situation

In Study 1, individuals high in neuroticism (high N) felt more negative and experienced less decrease of their negative emotions than individuals low in Neuroticism (low N) when extremely unpleasant hypothetical scenarios improved. Study 2 also found that high N individuals felt more negative than low N in a slightly unpleasant laboratory situation, and that individuals high in Extraversion (high E) felt more positive than individuals low in Extraversion (low E) in a slightly pleasant laboratory situation. The present studies also confirmed that high N individuals were less likely to repair negative emotions than low N, and high E individuals were more likely to savor positive emotions than low E. These attempts at negative and positive emotion regulation predicted negative and positive emotional reactions, respectively, and accounted for the trait differences in emotions. Hence, there is evidence that differences in negative emotion regulation mediated the relation between Neuroticism and negative emotions, and differences in positive emotion regulation mediated the relation between Extraversion and positive emotions.

Aquatic activity and emotional experience in adults with severe mental illness

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Alysha A. Walter, MS, CTRS ◽  
Bryan P. McCormick, PhD, CTRS
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Psychiatric Rehabilitation ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Potential Effect

This study examined the relationship of aquatic activity to positive and negative emotion in individuals with a severe mental illness (SMI). Individuals with SMI have been found to experience decreased positive emotions and higher negative emotions as compared to controls. It was hypothesized that aquatic activity participation would be associated with greater positive emotion and lower negative emotion post participation. Eighteen participants with a severe mental illness were recruited from a community mental health center. The study employed a pre-post design with a structured aquatic activity designed for moderate physical exertion. Participants demonstrated statistically significant increase in positive emotion and decrease in negative emotion pre to post activity. The findings of this study provide support for the potential effect of aquatic activities in psychiatric rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Effect of Cognitive Variables and Emotional Variables on Urban Residents’ Recycled Water Reuse Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Gao ◽  
Zhiguo Li ◽  
Kashif Khan
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Cognitive Variables ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Emotional Factors

Urban residents’ perception of recycled water reuse is the foundation for the realization of recycled water reuse behavior. However, even though the perception factor is equipped, it does not mean that urban residents will use recycled water continuously for sure. Therefore, in this research, the authors try to put cognitive factors and emotional factors into a unified behavioral process. Based on this theory framework, the paper will interpret the initiation, formation and continuing process of recycled water reuse behavior of urban residents. On the basis of previous studies, this study established a theoretical model to study the influence of cognitive factors and emotional factors on recycled water reuse behavior of the residents. Based on the data of 325 samples, the direct and indirect relationship between the variables in the model is verified through path analysis and mediation analysis. The empirical results show that: firstly, the urban residents’ perception of recycled water reuse can activate their emotion for recycled water, and the emotion includes both positive emotion and negative emotion; secondly, although the recognition of recycled water can stimulate both positive and negative emotional factors, there are great differences between positive and negative emotions on the initiation, formation and sustainability of recycled water behavior. Negative emotion has a certain effect on the initiation of recycled water reuse behavior, but it has no significant effect on the formation and sustainability of recycled water reuse behavior. By contrast, positive emotion has no significant effect on the initiation of recycled water reuse behavior, but it has a significant effect on the formation and sustainability of recycled water reuse behavior. That is to say, at different stages, the recycled water reuse behaviors are affected differently by positive emotions and negative emotions. Thirdly, compared with negative emotional variables, positive emotions have a greater impact on individual recycled water reuse behavior. Positive emotional variables can significantly mediate the impact of cognitive variables on recycled water reuse behavior habits. In other words, positive emotions play a vital role in the sustainability of recycled water reuse.

Neural Correlates of Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 776-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hee Kim ◽  
Stephan Hamann
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Amygdala Activity ◽  
On Line ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Negative Stimuli

The ability to cope adaptively with emotional events by volitionally altering one's emotional reactions is important for psychological and physical health as well as social interaction. Cognitive regulation of emotional responses to aversive events engages prefrontal regions that modulate activity in emotion-processing regions such as the amygdala. However, the neural correlates of the regulation of positive emotions remain largely unexplored. We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural correlates of cognitively increasing and decreasing emotional reactions to positive and negative stimuli. Participants viewed negative, positive, and neutral pictures while attempting to increase, decrease, or not alter their emotional reactions. Subjective reactions were assessed via on-line ratings. Consistent with previous studies, increasing negative and positive emotion engaged primarily left-lateralized prefrontal regions, whereas decreasing emotion activated bilateral prefrontal regions. Different activations unique to increasing versus decreasing emotion were observed for positive and negative stimuli: Unique increase-related activations were observed only for positive stimuli, whereas unique decrease-related activations were observed only for negative stimuli. Regulation also modulated activity in the amygdala, a key emotion-processing region. Regulation effects on amygdala activity were larger for positive than for negative stimuli, potentially reflecting a greater malleability of positive emotional reactions. Increasing and decreasing positive and negative emotion can thus increase and decrease subjective reactions and associated amygdala activity in line with regulatory goals, and is associated with different patterns of prefrontal activation as a function of emotional valence and regulatory goal.

Comment: Homing in on a Balanced Psychology

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
Jeff T. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
To Come ◽  
Positive And Negative Emotions

Hernandez et al.’s (2018) review provides clear evidence that positive affect can contribute to well-being and fits nicely within the positive psychology framework. The emergence of positive psychology has been valuable for understanding well-being, but I suggest that a balanced psychology can prove even more valuable in the years to come. A balanced psychology requires giving as much attention to negative emotion as to positive emotion. It also requires considering whether there are circumstances in which positive emotions can be detrimental and negative emotions can be beneficial. Along those lines, evidence reviewed here indicates that healthy coping with severe stressors involves experiencing a combination of positive and negative emotions.

scholarly journals Research on the Influence of Visual Factors on Emotion Regulation Interaction

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Xiong ◽  
Xinyu Weng ◽  
Yu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Complex Emotions ◽  
Specific Emotion ◽  
Emotional Value

To guide the design direction of emotion regulation products that improve the positive emotions of users, investigation into the correlation between relevant visual factors and multi-dimensional complex emotions is needed. In the present study, an extended product emotion measurement method was adopted to describe the multi-dimensional emotional set of each influencing factor and calculate their weight according to the order. The positive and negative emotion indicators of all influencing factors were compared and the evaluation and ranking factors that affect users’ emotional value of emotion regulation products were analyzed. The experimental results reveal that specific emotion mapping scenes on positive emotion are the most significant among the key factors affecting user emotion. Further, the influence of emotional stickers, interactive data visualization, and text on positive emotions decreased in turn. The influence of emotional text on positive emotion was the lowest. Through investigating the visual factors that affect the psychological emotions of users, the development of emotion regulating products could be guided in a more scientific and reasonable manner.

scholarly journals Factors predicting satisfaction with communication in daily lives of adults who stutter: An experience sampling study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomosumi Haitani ◽  
Naomi Sakai ◽  
Koichi Mori
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Adults Who Stutter

Purpose: Improving satisfaction with communication (SC) is one of the issues in treatments of adults who stutter (AWS). SC can be influenced by self-rated stuttering severity (SS), negative/positive emotions, and emotion regulations and they are variable in daily communications. The present study aimed to explore factors predicting SC in daily communications of AWS, considering their variabilities and speaking contexts.Method: Twenty-seven AWS were surveyed by trait questionnaires and then by experience sampling method (ESM) seven times per day for 2 weeks, reporting speaking contexts and subjective experiences, including SC, SS, negative/positive emotions, and emotion regulations. Intra- and inter- individual variabilities and relationships of the variables were investigated.Results: Speaking contexts were summarized by unofficial/official communications. SC, SS, and emotion regulations in unofficial communications were less variable and SC was more strongly related to trait questionnaires. Items of the ESM loaded on three latent factors in each communication type, including (1) negative emotion, (2) stuttering and associated reactions (including SS and stuttering-and anxiety-related behaviors and cognitions), and (3) positive emotion and attending to communication. SC was more strongly associated with (3) than (2) in unofficial communications while the opposite trend was found in official communications.Conclusions: SC, SS, and stuttering-and anxiety-related emotion regulations in unofficial communications are more trait-like. Not only negative emotion regulations but also positive emotion regulations should be treated to improve SC in AWS, considering speaking contexts.

Ecstasy and Agony: Activation of the Human Amygdala in Positive and Negative Emotion

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan B. Hamann ◽  
Timothy D. Ely ◽  
John M. Hoffman ◽  
Clinton D. Kilts
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Scanning

Considerable evidence indicates that the amygdala plays a critical role in negative, aversive human emotions. Although researchers have speculated that the amygdala plays a role in positive emotion, little relevant evidence exists. We examined the neural correlates of positive and negative emotion using positron emission tomography (PET), focusing on the amygdala. Participants viewed positive and negative photographs, as well as interesting and uninteresting neutral photographs, during PET scanning. The left amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex were activated during positive emotion, and bilateral amygdala activation occurred during negative emotion. High-interest, unusual photographs also elicited left-amygdala activation, a finding consistent with suggestions that the amygdala is involved in vigilance reactions to associatively ambiguous stimuli. The current results constitute the first neuroimaging evidence for a role of the amygdala in positive emotional reactions elicited by visual stimuli. Although the amygdala appears to play a more extensive role in negative emotion, it is involved in positive emotion as well.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of Long-History Migration Predicts Smiling, Laughter and Positive Emotion Across the Globe and Within the United States

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula M. Niedenthal ◽  
Magdalena Rychlowska ◽  
Adrienne Wood ◽  
Fangyun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Us Census

AbstractRecent findings demonstrate that heterogeneity of long-history migration predicts present-day emotion behaviors and norms. Residents of countries characterized by high ancestral diversity display emotion expressions that are easier to decode by observers, endorse norms of higher emotion expressivity, and smile more in response to certain stimuli than residents of countries that lack ancestral diversity. We build on the extant findings and investigate historical heterogeneity as a predictor of daily smiling, laughter, and positive emotion across the world’s countries and the states of the United States. Study 1 finds that historical heterogeneity is positively associated with self-reports of smiling, laughter, and positive emotions in the Gallup World Poll when controlling for GDP and current present-day population diversity. Study 2 extends the findings to effects of long-history migration within the United States. We estimated the average percentage of foreign-born citizens in each state between 1850 and 2010 based on US Census information as an indicator of historical heterogeneity. Consistent with the world findings of Study 1, historical heterogeneity predicted smiling, laughter, and positive, but not negative, emotion. The relationships remained significant when controlling for per capita income and present-day diversity of population of each state. Together, the findings further demonstrate the important role of long-history migration in shaping emotion cultures of countries and states, which persist beyond the original socio-ecological conditions, and open promising avenues for cross-cultural research.

scholarly journals Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Happiness pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Media Sosial di Kota Bandung

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Dzar Nurul Halimah ◽  
Endah Nawangsih
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Educational Media ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

Abstract. Seligman explain that happiness is a measurement towards ourselves and life, those are including a positive emotions like a convenience and an overflowing happiness, or the positive activity that doesn’t fulfill with any emotions such an absorption and involvement (Seligman, 2005). In this research, there are so many positive effects that the students felt as make the interact with people easly, as an educational media, entertainment, and to fill their free time. Instead of that, so negative efects does, such as forget about the time cause of they want to keep connected, they was envy with people’s life in social media, and they feel hard to build a relations in real life. The result are 95% students feel positive emotion, engagement 95%, relationships 100%, meaning 96,7%, accomplishment 95%, negative emotion 18,3%, and health 96,7%. It shown conclude of this research that almost all of the students or 177 subjects have high level of happiness. Keywords: Happiness, Social Media, Collage Students. Abstrak. Seligman menjelaskan kebahagiaan merupakan suatu hasil penilaian terhadap diri dan hidup, yang memuat emosi positif seperti kenyamanan dan kegembiraan yang meluap-luap, maupun aktivitas positif yang tidak memenuhi komponen emosi apapun seperti absorbsi dan keterlibatan (Seligman, 2005). Pada penelitian ini banyak hal yang dihayati oleh subjek, antara lain dampak positif seperti memudahkan interaksi dengan orang lain, sebagai media edukasi, hiburan, dan untuk mengisi waktu luang. Ada pula dampak negatif yang dirasakan ketika mengakses media sosial, seperti lupa waktu karena ingin terus terkoneksi, timbul rasa iri karena membandingkan hidup mereka dengan orang lain, serta bentuk pelarian karena sulitnya membangun relasi dan interaksi di dunia nyata. Hasilnya sebanyak 95% subjek merasakan positive emotion, engagement sebanyak 95%, relationships sebanyak 100%, meaning sebanyak 96,7%, accomplishment sebanyak 95%, negative emotion sebanyak 18,3%, serta health sebanyak 96,7%. Maka secara keseluruhan mahasiswa yang menjadi subjek memiliki tingkat happiness yang tinggi, yaitu sebanyak 177 orang atau 98,3%. Kata Kunci: Happiness, Media Sosial, Mahasiswa.

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