scholarly journals Oxidative stress in pregnancy and reproduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Duhig ◽  
Lucy C Chappell ◽  
Andrew H Shennan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Cellular Membrane ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Excess Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
In Pregnancy

Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of many reproductive complications including infertility, miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction and preterm labour. The presence of excess reactive oxygen species can lead to cellular damage of deoxyribonucleic acids, lipids and proteins. Antioxidants protect cells from peroxidation reactions, limiting cellular damage and helping to maintain cellular membrane integrity. There is overwhelming evidence for oxidative stress causing harm in reproduction. However, there is sparse evidence that supplementation with commonly used antioxidants (mostly vitamins C and E) makes any difference in overcoming oxidative stress or reversing disease processes. There may be potential for antioxidant therapy to ameliorate or prevent disease, but this requires a thorough understanding of the mechanism of action and specificity of currently used antioxidants.

Cerium oxide nanozyme attenuates periodontal bone destruction by inhibiting ROS-NFκB pathway

Nanoscale ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijun Yu ◽  
Sheng Zhao ◽  
Deao Gu ◽  
Bijun Zhu ◽  
Hanxiao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Nfκb Pathway ◽  
Excess Reactive Oxygen Species

Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of oxidative stress, occurs due to the excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributing to cell and tissue damage that in turn leads to alveolar bone resorption...

scholarly journals Inactivation of Escherichia coli by Nanoparticulate Zerovalent Iron and Ferrous Ion

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (22) ◽  
pp. 7668-7670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee Yeon Kim ◽  
Hee-Jin Park ◽  
Changha Lee ◽  
Kara L. Nelson ◽  
David L. Sedlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Ferrous Ion ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity

ABSTRACT The mechanism of Escherichia coli inactivation by nanoparticulate zerovalent iron (nZVI) and Fe(II) was investigated using reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenchers and probes, an oxidative stress assay, and microscopic observations. Disruption of cell membrane integrity and respiratory activity was observed under deaerated conditions [more disruption by nZVI than Fe(II)], and OH or Fe(IV) appears to play a role.

scholarly journals The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Balance in Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tarique Hussain ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Elsayed Metwally ◽  
Dildar Hussain Kalhoro ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
In Pregnancy

It has been widely known that oxidative stress disrupts the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system in the body. During pregnancy, the physiological generation of ROS is involved in a variety of developmental processes ranging from oocyte maturation to luteolysis and embryo implantation. While abnormal overproduction of ROS disrupts these processes resulting in reproductive failure. In addition, excessive oxidative stress impairs maternal and placental functions and eventually results in fetal loss, IUGR, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Although some oxidative stress is inevitable during pregnancy, a balancing act between oxidant and antioxidant production is necessary at different stages of the pregnancy. The review aims to highlight the importance of maintaining oxidative and antioxidant balance throughout pregnancy. Furthermore, we highlight the role of oxidative stress in pregnancy-related diseases.

The Redox Potential of a Heme Cofactor in Nitrosomonas europaea Cytochrome c Peroxidase: A Polarizable QM/MM Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Anotonovna Karnaukh ◽  
Ksenia B Bravaya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Cytochrome C Peroxidase ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Heme Cofactor ◽  
Excess Reactive Oxygen Species

Redox reactions are crucial to biological processes that protect organisms against oxidative stress. Metalloenzymes, such as peroxidases which reduce excess reactive oxygen species into water, play a key role in...

A novel method for simultaneously screening superoxide anion scavengers and xanthine oxidase inhibitors using hydroethidine as a fluorescent probe coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Li ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Yu Fu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Wenhua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Excess Reactive Oxygen Species

Excess reactive oxygen species can cause cellular damage, and are involved in many pathological processes such as inflammation, atherosclerosis and cancer.

A compensatory increase in trehalose synthesis in response to desiccation stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells lacking the heat shock protein Hsp12p

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 559-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa J. Shamrock ◽  
George G. Lindsey
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Trehalose Synthesis

The effect of HSP12 deletion on the response of yeast to desiccation was investigated. The Δhsp12 strain was found to be more desiccation tolerant than the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the increased intracellular trehalose levels in the Δhsp12 strain suggested that this strain compensated for the lack of Hsp12p synthesis by increasing trehalose synthesis, which facilitated increased desiccation tolerance. Results obtained from flow cytometry using the membrane exclusion dye propidium iodide suggested that Hsp12p helped maintain plasma membrane integrity during desiccation. Analysis of the oxidative loads experienced by the wild-type and Δhsp12 strains showed that during mid-exponential phase, the increased trehalose levels present in the Δhsp12 cells resulted in increased protection of these cells against reactive oxygen species compared with wild-type cells. During stationary phase, lower levels of reactive oxygen species reduction by reduced glutathione was enhanced in the wild-type strain, which displayed lower intracellular trehalose concentrations. Comparison of the tolerance of the wild-type and Δhsp12 strains with applied oxidative stress showed that the Δhsp12 strain was more tolerant to exogenously applied H2O2, which we attributed to the higher intracellular trehalose concentration. Flow cytometry demonstrated that Hsp12p played a role in maintaining plasma membrane integrity during applied oxidative stress.

Hexavalent chromium induces reactive oxygen species and impairs the antioxidant power of human erythrocytes and lymphocytes: Decreased metal reducing and free radical quenching ability of the cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 623-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazim Husain ◽  
Riaz Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Power

The toxicity of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in biological systems is thought to be closely associated with the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. These species are produced when Cr(VI) is reduced to its trivalent form in the cell. This process results in oxidative stress due to an imbalance between the detoxifying ability of the cell and the production of free radicals. We have studied the effect of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), a [Cr(VI)] compound, on the antioxidant power of human erythrocytes and lymphocytes under in vitro conditions. Incubation of erythrocytes and lymphocytes with different concentrations of K2Cr2O7 resulted in a marked dose-dependent decrease in reduced glutathione and an increase in oxidized glutathione and reactive oxygen species levels. The antioxidant power of the cells was decreased, as determined by metal reducing and free radical quenching assays. These results show that [Cr(VI)] upregulates the generation of reactive oxygen species and, as a consequence, the cellular antioxidant defences are compromised. The resulting oxidative stress may contribute to Cr(VI)-induced cellular damage.

scholarly journals Prospects for the Role of Ferroptosis in Fluorosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Jialong Wu ◽  
Lai Jiang ◽  
Chenkang Lu ◽  
Zhengwei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dependent Type

As a strong oxidant, fluorine can induce oxidative stress resulting in cellular damage. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent type of cell death caused by unrestricted lipid peroxidation (LPO) and subsequent plasma membrane rupture. This article indicated a relationship between fluorosis and ferroptosis. Evidence of the depletion of glutathione (GSH) and increased oxidized GSH can be found in a variety of organisms in high fluorine environments. Studies have shown that high fluoride levels can reduce the antioxidant capacity of antioxidant enzymes, while increasing the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), resulting in oxidative stress and fluoride-induced oxidative stress, which are related to iron metabolism disorders. Excessive fluorine causes insufficient GSH, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) inhibition, and oxidative stress, resulting in ferroptosis, which may play an important role in the occurrence and development of fluorosis.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress—A Causative Factor and Therapeutic Target in Many Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13384
Author(s):  
Paweł Kowalczyk ◽  
Dorota Sulejczak ◽  
Patrycja Kleczkowska ◽  
Iwona Bukowska-Ośko ◽  
Marzena Kucia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress ◽  
Therapeutic Avenue

The excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impairment of defensive antioxidant systems leads to a condition known as oxidative stress. The main source of free radicals responsible for oxidative stress is mitochondrial respiration. The deleterious effects of ROS on cellular biomolecules, including DNA, is a well-known phenomenon that can disrupt mitochondrial function and contribute to cellular damage and death, and the subsequent development of various disease processes. In this review, we summarize the most important findings that implicated mitochondrial oxidative stress in a wide variety of pathologies from Alzheimer disease (AD) to autoimmune type 1 diabetes. This review also discusses attempts to affect oxidative stress as a therapeutic avenue.

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