Use and effectiveness of behavioural economics in interventions for lifestyle risk factors of non-communicable diseases: a systematic review with policy implications

Introduction Individual’s early life style and health behaviors are directly linked to chronic non-communicable diseases. Considering the increased burden of NCDs during the last two decades, the aim of this study is to assess co-occurrence/clustering of lifestyle risk factors and its association with different socio-demographic and economic characteristics among adult men and women in India from 2005–2016. Methods This study utilized the data from the National Family Health Survey 2005–06 and 2015–16 survey rounds. Multinomial logistic regression is employed to evaluate co-occurrence of multiple risk factors among adult men and women of different socio-economic and demographic characteristics to identify the subgroups with elevated risk of clustering of multiple unhealthy lifestyle risk factors. Results More adult men in India tend to exhibit clustering of multiple non-communicable disease risk factors than females. Individuals between 30–49 years of age, residing in urban areas, the population with no education, separated couples and those from poor economic strata are the specific population subgroups show higher prevalence of co-occurrence of multiple risk factors. The regional pattern of clustering of risk factors shows that the prevalence of co-occurrence of multiple risk factors is higher among men and women from the North-Eastern part of India compared to the other regions of the country. Conclusion The prevalence of clustering of multiple risk factors associated with chronic NCDs is substantially high and has increased between 2005–06 to 2015–16. India may therefore experience a significant increase in the burden of chronic non-communicable diseases in the coming years. We therefore conclude that appropriate strategies should be implemented by policy makers and the government to reduce the overall health burden of NCDs due to lifestyle habits.

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Lifestyle risk factors of non-communicable diseases among patients after liver transplantation – a pilot study

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review ◽

10.5114/fmpcr.2017.69277 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 214-220

Author(s):

Anna Jagielska ◽

Krzysztof Jankowski ◽

Katarzyna Okręglicka ◽

Paulina Skupin ◽

Aleksandra Kozłowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Liver Transplantation ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Lifestyle Risk

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Clustering of lifestyle risk factors for non-communicable diseases in 304,779 adolescents from 89 countries: A global perspective

Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105955 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 105955 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Riaz Uddin ◽

Eun-Young Lee ◽

Shanchita R. Khan ◽

Mark S. Tremblay ◽

Asaduzzaman Khan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Global Perspective ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Lifestyle Risk

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Lifestyle risk factors, non-communicable diseases and labour force participation in South Africa

Development Southern Africa ◽

10.1080/0376835x.2019.1678459 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 446-461

Author(s):

Nozuko Lawana ◽

Frederik Booysen ◽

Asrat Tsegaye ◽

Forget Mingiri Kapingura ◽

Charles Hongoro

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

South Africa ◽

Labour Force ◽

Labour Force Participation ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Lifestyle Risk

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Preventable Lifestyle Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in the Pakistan Adolescents Schools Study 1 (PASS-1)

Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.210 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 210-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ali Khan Khuwaja ◽

Saleem Khawaja ◽

Komal Motwani ◽

Adeel Akbar Khoja ◽

Iqbal Syed Azam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Lifestyle Risk

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P-082. A systematic review of cardiovascular disease prevention targeting lifestyle risk factors in women. Can the evidence inform post-partum health care after hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?

Pregnancy Hypertension ◽

10.1016/j.preghy.2021.07.117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. e55-e56

Author(s):

Kaylee Slater ◽

Rachael Taylor ◽

Clare Collins ◽

Melinda Hutchesson

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Health Care ◽

Disease Prevention ◽

Post Partum ◽

Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Hypertensive Disorders ◽

Lifestyle Risk

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Protocol for a systematic review of reviews evaluating effectiveness of mass media interventions for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032611 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e032611

Author(s):

Gursimer Jeet ◽

J S Thakur ◽

Shankar Prinja ◽

Meenu Singh ◽

Ria Nangia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Mass Media ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Controlled Vocabulary ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Low Middle Income Countries ◽

Media Interventions

IntroductionTimely interventions are required in order to change unhealthy lifestyles because if continued for a prolonged period of time, these become risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Education through mass media is an important factor in bringing out the behavioural change which may get missed in community-based interventions due to their limited reach. Many countries engage in mass media interventions, however, the nature of interventions and their effectiveness differs. We, therefore, describe the protocol of a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of the mass media interventions to reduce the risk of NCDs in the general population and compare the differences in effectiveness estimates across low/middle-income countries and developed countries.Methods and analysisWe will search The Cochrane Library, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness, PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database limited to publications since 2000 to October 2019. Specific terms for the search strategy will be piloted as database-controlled vocabulary in the databases searched. The searches will include variations of the following terms: mass media, mass communication, campaign, publicity and terms for types of media, that is, print media, mobile, digital media, social media and broadcast. Study designs to be included will be systematic reviews followed by grey literature and other good quality reviews identified. The primary outcome of effectiveness will be the percentage change in population having different behavioural risk factors. In addition, mean overall change in levels of several physical or biochemical parameters will be studied as secondary outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe review is being done under the doctoral research which has been approved by the Institute Ethics Committee of the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Dissemination will be done by submitting scientific articles to academic peer-reviewed journals. We will present the results at relevant conferences and meetings.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016048013

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Metabolic risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. e049565

Author(s):

Tilahun Tewabe Alamnia ◽

Wubshet Tesfaye ◽

Solomon Abrha ◽

Matthew Kelly

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Age Variations

ObjectivesNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are causing a new and yetsignificant health challenge in low-income countries. In Ethiopia, although 39% of deaths are NCD related, the health system remains underprepared, highlighting the clear need for evidence on risk factor distributions to inform resource planning and the health response. Therefore, this review investigates prevalence distributions and sex and age variations of metabolic risk factors among Ethiopian adults.Research design and methodsThis systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published until 6 January 2021 were searched from PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest and Web of Science databases, reference lists of selected studies and grey literature. Studies reporting prevalence of metabolic risk factors: overweight/obesity, hypertension, impaired glucose homoeostasis and metabolic syndrome among Ethiopian adults were eligible for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Two authors independently extracted data and used the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for quality appraisal. The random effects model was used to conduct meta-analysis using Stata V.16. Subgroup analyses examined prevalence differences by region, study year, sample size and settings.ResultsFrom 6087 records, 74 studies including 104 382 participants were included. Most showed high prevalence of metabolic risk factors. Meta-analysis revealed pooled prevalence of metabolic risk factors from 12% to 24% with the highest prevalence observed for overweight/obesity (23.9%, 95% CI 19.9% to 28.0%) and hypertension (21.1%, 95% CI 18.7% to 23.5%), followed by metabolic syndrome (14.7%, 95% CI 9.8% to 19.6%) and impaired glucose tolerance (12.4%, 95% CI 8.7% to 16.1%). The prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher in women. All metabolic risk factors were higher among people aged above 45 years.ConclusionsA signficant proportion of Ethiopian adults have at least one metabolic risk factor for NCDs. Despite heterogeneity of studies limiting the certainty of evidence, the result suggests the need for coordinated effort among policymakers, healthcare providers, non-governmental stakeholders and the community to implement appropriate preventive measures to reduce these factors.

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