scholarly journals Constituents of Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp., Moringa Oleifera Lam., Heliotropium Indicum L. and Bidens Pilosa L. from Nigeria

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinola O. Ogunbinu ◽  
Guido Flamini ◽  
Pier L. Cioni ◽  
Muritala A. Adebayo ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
The Other ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Hexahydrofarnesyl Acetone ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Heliotropium Indicum ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

The essential oils of four plant species from Nigeria have been extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The oils of Cajanus cajan were comprised of sesquiterpenes (92.5%, 81.2% and 94.3% respectively in the leaves, stem and seeds). The major compounds identified were α-himachalene (9.0-11.5%), β-himachalene (8.0-11.0%), γ-himachalene (6.9-8.1%), α-humulene (7.1-8.7%) and α-copaene (4.5-5.6%). However, monoterpenoid compounds (81.8%) dominated the oil of Moringa oleifera with an abundance of α-phellandrene (25.2%) and p-cymene (24.9%). On the other hand, aldehydes (52.8%) occurred in the highest amount in Heliotropium indicum, represented by phenylacetaldehyde (22.2%), ( E)-2-nonenal (8.3%) and (E, Z)-2-nonadienal (6.1%), with a significant quantity of hexahydrofarnesylacetone (8.4%). The leaf and stem oils of Bidens pilosa were dominated by sesquiterpenes (82.3% and 59.3%, respectively). The main compounds in the leaf oil were caryophyllene oxide (37.0%), β-caryophyllene (10.5%) and humulene oxide (6.0%), while the stem oils had an abundance of hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (13.4%), δ-cadinene (12.0%) and caryophyllene oxide (11.0%). The observed chemical patterns differ considerably from previous investigations.

scholarly journals Constituents of Essential Oils from the Leaf and Flower of Plumeria alba Grown in Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladipupo A. Lawal ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Andy R. Opoku
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
The Other ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
First Report ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Phenyl Acetaldehyde

This paper reports on the compounds identified in the leaf and flower essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of Plumeria alba L. (Apocynaceae) grown in Nigeria. The chemical analysis of the essential oils was achieved by means of gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Linalool (13.2%), n-nonanal (9.6%), phenyl acetaldehyde (8.5%), neryl acetone (5.3%) and n-decanal (5.1%) were the main constituents of the leaf oil. On the other hand, the flower oil comprised mainly of limonene (9.1%), linalool (7.9%), α-cedrene (8.0%), caryophyllene oxide (7.9%) and ( E, E)-α-farnesene (6.6%). This is the first report on the essential oil constituents of P. alba.

scholarly journals Efecto de la inoculación de Azospirillum spp. sobre el contenido nutrimental de moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Mario Alejandro Hernández-Chontal ◽  
Dinora Vazquez-Luna ◽  
Ariadna Linares-Gabriel ◽  
Gloria Esperanza De Dios-León ◽  
Armando Guerrero-Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Animal Consumption ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa is used for human and animal consumption due to its high content of proteins, vitamins and minerals. The present study analyzed and evaluated the effectiveness of Azospirillum spp. over the nutritional content of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) under nursery conditions. The experimental design consisted of four treatments with six repetitions in complete blocks at random, which consisted of the inoculation at 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mL of suspension with 9.8 × 105 CFU mL-1 of Azospirillum spp. The study variables: biomass, protein, macro (P, K. Ca and Mg) and micronutriments (Na, Fe, Cu and Mn) in leaves and stems were determined 70 days after sowing. The analysis of variance showed signif icant statistical differences between treatments only for the variables: potassium content in leaves and calcium content, iron and sodium in stem. According to the comparison of means (P ≤ 0.05) the best treatments were those that received 0.5 and 1 mL of suspension. The inoculation of Azospirillum, failed to increase the dry weight and protein contents; however, the highest values (30.2% crude protein) were associated with its application. The absence of significant effects in the other variables evaluated is associated with inoculum concentration, however, higher values are shown in the nutrient contents in relation to results reported in other research.

scholarly journals Essential Oils of Alpinia Rafflesiana and Their Antimicrobial Activities

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shariha Jusoh ◽  
Hasnah Mohd Sirat ◽  
Farediah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Capillary Gc ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Fruit Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay

The essential oils from the leaves, pseudostems, rhizomes and fruits of Alpinia rafflesiana were isolated by hydrodistillation. The oils were analysed by capillary GC and GC-MS. The most abundant components in the leaf oil were trans-caryophyllene (32.61%), caryophyllene oxide (8.67%), (2 E,6 Z)-farnesol (4.91%) and α-terpineol (4.25%), while 1,8-cineole (32.25%), myrcene (13.63%), α-terpineol (9.90%) and trans-caryophyllene (9.80%) were the main constituents in the pseudostem oil. The rhizome constituted of tetracosane (42.61%), τ-cadinol (7.46%), α-terpineol (6.71%) were the major components, whereas tetracosane (13.39%), (2 E,6 E)-farnesol (7.31%), α-terpineol (8.51%) and caryophyllene oxide (8.05%) were the main components in the fruit oil. Antimicrobial assay revealed that all the essential oils showed moderate to weak inhibition against the tested microorganisms. The leaf oil was the most active and inhibited both S. aureus and E. coli with MIC values of 7.81 μg/mL and 15.6 μg/mL, respectively.

scholarly journals Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf and Twig Oils of Litsea Mushaensis and L. linii from Taiwan

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000501
Author(s):  
Chen-Lung Ho ◽  
Eugene I-Chen Wang ◽  
Yen-Hsueh Tseng ◽  
Pei-Chun Liao ◽  
Chien-Nan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Main Components

The hydrodistilled essential oils of the leaves and twigs of Litsea mushaensis and L. linii were analyzed. Sixty-nine and ninety compounds were identified in the leaf and twig oils, respectively, of L. mushaensis. The main components of the leaf oil were β-eudesmol (24.2%), τ-cadinol (10.2%), α-humulene (10.1%), α-pinene (9.7%), and trans-β-ocimene (6.5%), whereas the main components of the twig oil were trans-β-ocimene (19.5%), α-pinene (12.8%) and cis-β-ocimene (7.7%). With L. linii, 72 and 78 compounds were respectively identified in the leaf and twig oils. The main components of the leaf oil were β-selinene (15.7%), α-selinene (15.5%), β-caryophyllene (12.2%), α-humulene (7.2%), and δ-cadinene (5.6%), and of the twig oil trans-β-ocimene (20.8%), β-selinene (11.4%), α-cadinol (6.0%), δ-cadinene (5.8%), τ-cadinol (5.4%) and β-eudesmol (5.2%). L. mushaensis leaf oil was shown to have excellent antimicrobial and anti-wood-decay fungal activity, superior to the other oils.

Variation in Australian populations of Halfordia kendack s.l. (Rutaceae): evidence from leaf essential oils

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul I. Forster ◽  
Joseph J. Brophy ◽  
Robert J. Goldsack
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Altitudinal Range ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Low Altitude

The leaf oils of Halfordia kendack (Montrouz.) Guillaumin s.l. from locations throughout its range in Australia were investigated to ascertain if the disjunct nature of the species' distribution affected their composition and whether any variation detected supported the recognition of a second species (H. scleroxyla F.Muell.). While three groups of populations could be classified on the basis of leaf oil composition, these groups were not associated with geographic locality or altitudinal range and habitat. It was found that plants from low altitude sites in north Queensland all produced leaf oils that contained the aromatic ethers methyl eugenol and elemicin in variable amounts, included in an otherwise terpenoid oil. Plants from the other three areas examined; north Queensland montane sites, south-east Queensland low altitude and south-east Queensland montane sites, all produced leaf oils which were terpenoid in nature and contained no aromatic ethers. This lack of correlation in leaf oil composition with locality or habitat would lend support to the proposition that Halfordia exists in only one variable species in Australia.

scholarly journals KELOR (Moringa oleifera Lam.): PEMANFAATAN DAN BIOAKTIVITAS

Pro-Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endang Christine Purba
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO) is one of the plants that has been widely known its use by Indonesians which is calledKelor. MO belongs to Moringaceae family. Kelor is a useful plant that widely used as medicinal plants and ediblefood that it is called as an Amazing Tree dan The Miracle Tree. Moringa oleifera has several pharmacologicalpotentials, which are anti-microbial, antioxidant, nutritional food, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic. The writing ofthis article collects information on the use of ethnobotanical Moringa oleifera plants and the results of their testcontent. It is hoped that this information would become information to determine the other potential of Moringaoleifera as a source of both traditional and modern medicines. Keywords: amazing tree, moringa tea, anti-diabetic, malnutrition, anti-cancer

scholarly journals Zingiber vuquangensis and Z. castaneum: Two Newly Discovered Species from Vietnam and Their Essential Oil Constituents

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le T. Huong ◽  
Trinh T. Huong ◽  
Nguyen T. T. Huong ◽  
Dao T. M. Chau ◽  
Ly N. Sam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
National Park ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
First Report ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Fruit Oil

The chemical constituents of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from Zingiber vuquangensis Lý N.S., Lê T.H., Trịnh T. H., Nguyễn V.H., Đỗ N.Đ. and Zingiber castaneum Škorničk. & Q.B. Nguyễn collected from Vu Quang National Park, Hà Tĩnh Province, Vietnam were analysed by GC and GC-MS. β-Pinene (24.7% and 26.1%) and β-caryophyllene (12.3% and 13.9%) were the main constituents in the leaf oil and stem oil of Zingiber vuquangensis. On the other hand the root oil contained bornyl acetate (20.9%), zerumbone (14.1%) and α-humulene (9.6%) while β-pinene (19.6%), 1,8-cineole (15.6%), α-pinene (10.3%) and β-caryophyllene (10.4%) were the significant compounds of the fruit oil. The leaf oil Zingiber castaneum was dominated by β-pinene (30.6%), α-pinene (9.5%), β-caryophyllene (9.4%) and bicycloelemene (9.1%). The compounds occurring in higher quantity in the stem oil were β-caryophyllene (14.7%), δ-cadinene (9.8%), bicycloelemene (8.4%) and α-cubebene (7.8%). However, camphene (15.1%), 1,8-cineole (13.6%), linalool (11.3%) and δ-3-carene (8.5%) were the main compounds of the root oil while ( E)-nerolidol (23.2%), ( Z)-9-octadecenamide (17.3%) and β-caryophyllene (10.8%) were the main constituents of the fruit oil. The essential oil did not exhibit noticeable antimicrobial effects. This is the first report on the volatile compositions of Z. vuquangensis and Z. castaneum.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oils of Blainvillea Rhomboidea (Asteraceae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0600100
Author(s):  
Andreza Maria L. Pires ◽  
Maria Rose Jane R. Albuquerque ◽  
Edson P. Nunes ◽  
Vânia M. M. Melo ◽  
Edilberto R. Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Leaf Oil

The essential oils of Blainvellea rhomboidea (Asteraceae) were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID. Initially, the essential oil from the aerial parts was investigated. From the 18 identified components, 5-indanol (14.5%) followed by p-cymen-8-ol (10.1%), β-caryophyllene (9.6%), caryophyllene oxide (9.6%), limonene (8.6%), terpinolene (7.8%), and spathulenol (7.7%) were the major constituents. The oil was tested against seven bacterial strains and the results showed significant antimicrobial activity. As a consequence, the essential oils from leaves and from flowers were analyzed separately. The major constituents of the leaf oil were terpinolene (21.2%), β-caryophyllene (19.2%), spathulenol (9.1%), caryophyllene oxide (7.4%), and bicyclogermacrene (7.1%), while the oil of the flowers contained terpinolene (28.1%), 5-indanol (16.3%), p-cymen-8-ol (15.3%) and limonene (14.7%) as prevalent compounds. The oils were tested against the same bacterial strains and the flower oil was the more active. These results indicated that the components of the essential oil from flowers seem to be responsible for the activity.

scholarly journals Essential oils of leaves and rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga Linn.

2013 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Md Nazrul Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
Jaripa Begum ◽  
MN Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Propenoic Acid ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Main Components

Kaempferia galanga Linn. leaf and rhizome oils, obtained by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). One hundred and eight components were identified in the leaf oil. The major components were linoleoyl chloride (21.42%), caryophyllene oxide (11.75%), cubenol (9.66%) and caryophyllene (5.60%). Eighty one components were identified in rhizome oil with the main components being 2-propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl),-ethyl ester (63.36%), ethyl cinnamate (6.31%), 4-cyclooctene -1-methanol (4.61%), caryophyllene oxide (4.37%) and limonene (3.22%). The compositions of both oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v3i1.13407 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 3(1&2):65-76, 2008

scholarly journals Essential Oils from the Leaves of Six Medicinal Plants of Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Nudewhenu O. Avoseh ◽  
Guido Flamini ◽  
Alimot-Sadiat O. Hassan ◽  
AbdulRazaq O. Ogunmoye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Trace Quantity ◽  
Cassia Siamea ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Geranyl Acetone ◽  
First Time

The chemistry of Cassia siamea L., C. occidentalis L. (Fabaceae), Cnestis ferruginea Vahl ex DC (Connaraceae), Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev (Loganiaceae), Solanum torvum Swartz and S. erianthum G. Don (Solanaceae) volatiles grown in Nigeria have been studied. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The main compounds of C. siamea were (E)-geranyl acetone (5.8%), 1-octen-3-ol (5.8%), linalool (7.8%), iso-italicene (15.4%) and (E)-β-damascenone (11.0%). On the other hand, C. occidentalis consisted mainly of (E)-geranyl acetone (8.0%), hexahydrofarnesylacetone (24.0%) and (E)-phytol acetate (40.7%). The oil of C. ferruginea was comprised mainly of (E)-geranyl acetone (13.7%), (E)-α-ionone (9.5%), phytol (5.8%), pentadecanal (6.1%) and 1-octen-3-ol (5.5%). The main compounds of A. djalonensis were α-humulene (31.9%), β-caryophyllene (17.8%), humulene epoxide II (12.7%) and caryophyllene oxide (5.9%). The main volatiles of S. torvum were (E)-phytol acetate (38.7%), pentadecanal (25.3%) and (E)-geranyl acetone (5.0%). Apart from methyl salicylate (4.5%), tetradecanal (2.2%), 2-pentyl furan (1.8%), hexahydrofarnesylacetone (1.6%) and hexadecanal (1.1%), all other compounds were either present in trace quantity or in amounts less than 1%. On the other hand, α-humulene (46.6%) and β-caryophyllene (20.6%) were the compounds occurring in higher quantities in S. erianthum. The volatile oil contents of Cassia siamea, Cnestis ferruginea, Anthocleista djalonensis and Solanum torvum are being reported for the first time.

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