scholarly journals The Effect of Essential Oil Formulations for Potato Sprout Suppression

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500
Author(s):  
Moses S. Owolabi ◽  
Labunmi Lajide ◽  
Matthew O. Oladimeji ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Potato Sprout ◽  
Sprout Suppression ◽  
Essential Oil Formulations ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Sprout Growth ◽  
Sprout Suppressants

The concerns over safety and environmental impact of synthetic pesticides such as chlorpropham (CIPC) has stimulated interest in finding environmentally benign, natural sprout suppressants, including essential oils. The effects of Chenopodium ambrosioides and Lippia multiflora essential oils on sprout growth and decay of stored potatoes has been investigated. Formulations of essential oils with alumina, bentonite, or kaolin, both with and without Triton X-100 additive, were tested. These formulations have been compared to the pulverized plant materials themselves as well as wick-volatilized essential oils. The results showed that the tested oils possess compositions that make them suitable for application as sprout suppressants. Additionally, the formulation seems to be able to reduce the volatility of the essential oil and artificially extend dormancy of stored potatoes.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition ofPinus peuceGriseb. Needles and Twigs from Two National Parks of Kosovo

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avni Hajdari ◽  
Behxhet Mustafa ◽  
Dashnor Nebija ◽  
Hyrmete Selimi ◽  
Zeqir Veselaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
National Park ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Geographical Variations

The principal aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and qualitative and quantitative variability of essential oils obtained from seven naturally grown populations of thePinus peuceGrisebach, Pinaceae in Kosovo. Plant materials were collected from three populations in the Sharri National Park and from four other populations in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park, in Kosovo. Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by GC-FID (Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The results showed that the yield of essential oils (v/wdry weight) varied depending on the origin of population and the plant organs and ranged from 0.7 to 3.3%. In total, 51 compounds were identified. The main compounds wereα-pinene (needles: 21.6–34.9%; twigs: 11.0–24%),β-phellandrene (needles: 4.1–27.7; twigs: 29.0–49.8%), andβ-pinene (needles: 10.0–16.1; twigs: 6.9–20.7%). HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) and PCA (Principal Component Analyses) were used to assess geographical variations in essential oil composition. Statistical analysis showed that the analyzed populations are grouped in three main clusters which seem to reflect microclimatic conditions on the chemical composition of the essential oils.

scholarly journals Modeling the kinetics of essential oil hydrodistillation from plant materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 843-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetomir Milojevic ◽  
Dragana Radosavljevic ◽  
Vladimir Pavicevic ◽  
Srdjan Pejanovic ◽  
Vlada Veljkovic
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Sigmoid Function ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
First Order ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
And Diffusion

The present work deals with modeling the kinetics of essential oils extraction from plant materials by water and steam distillation. The experimental data were obtained by studying the hydrodistillation kinetics of essential oil from juniper berries. The literature data on the kinetics of essential oils hydrodistillation from different plant materials were also included into the modeling. A physical model based on simultaneous washing and diffusion of essential oil from plant materials were developed to describe the kinetics of essential oils hydrodistillation, and two other simpler models were derived from this physical model assuming either instantaneous washing followed by diffusion or diffusion with no washing (i.e. the first-order kinetics). The main goal was to compare these models and suggest the optimum ones for water and steam distillation and for different plant materials. All three models described well the experimental kinetic data on water distillation irrespective of the type of distillation equipment and its scale, the type of plant materials and the operational conditions. The most applicable one is the model involving simultaneous washing and diffusion of the essential oil. However, this model was generally inapplicable for steam distillation of essential oils, except for juniper berries. For this hydrodistillation technique, the pseudo first-order model was shown to be the best one. In a few cases, a variation of the essential oil yield with time was observed to be sigmoidal and was modeled by the Boltzmann sigmoid function.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF INENZYME TREATMENTS TO ASSIST EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM THE LEAVES AND BRANCHES OF CINNAMOMUM CASSIA COLLECTED IN YEN BAI PROVINCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2C) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Bich
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Cinnamic Aldehyde ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Multienzyme System

In order to improve the efficiency of essential oil distillation of the leaves and branchesfrom the cassia plant (Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl) growing in Yen Bai province, theeffects of enzyme treatments of the plant materials before distillation were investigated usingcrude laccase obtained from culture medium of the fungus Ganoderma lucidum and Cellic Htech2 (Novozymes, Denmark), a multienzyme system consisting of cellulase and xylanase. Theresults showed that enzyme treatments increased oil yield and shorten distillation time. The useof a mixture of both enzyme systems was more effective than using them separately. Underoptimal conditions, an increase in oil yield of 41.7 % was achieved, while distillation time wasshortened from 8 to 5 hours. The enzyme treatments did not change the qualitative compositionof the essential oils. However, significant changes in the percentages of cinnamic aldehyde(69.74 % to 85.6 %) and cinnamyl acetate (17.2 % to 1.34 %) were observed.

scholarly journals Evaluating Ecologically Acceptable Sprout Suppressants for Enhancing Dormancy and Potato Storability: A Review

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2307
Author(s):  
Nyasha Gumbo ◽  
Lembe Samukelo Magwaza ◽  
Nomali Ziphorah Ngobese
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Sprout Suppression ◽  
Tuber Sprouting ◽  
Sprout Growth ◽  
Sprout Suppressants

Postharvest losses are a key stumbling block to long-term postharvest storage of potato tubers. Due to the high costs and lack of infrastructure associated with cold storage, this storage method is often not the most viable option. Hence, sprout suppressants are an appealing option. In most developing countries, potato tubers in postharvest storage are accompanied by a rapid decline in the potato tuber quality due to the physiological process of sprouting. It results in weight changes, increased respiration, and decreased nutritional quality. Therefore, proper management of sprouting is critical in potato storage. To avoid tuber sprouting, increased storage and transportation of potatoes demands either the retention of their dormant state or the application of sprout growth suppressants. This review evaluates the current understanding of the efficacy of different sprout suppressants on potato storability and the extension of potato shelf-life. We also consider the implications of varied study parameters, i.e., cultivar, temperature, and method of application, on the outcomes of sprout suppressant efficacies and how these limit the integration of efficient sprout suppression protocols.

Chemical Composition and Biological Effects of Essential Oils from Some Aromatic and Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cennet Yaman ◽  
Yusuf Sari ◽  
Sevim Atmaca ◽  
Zeliha Eroglu ◽  
Omer Kayir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Major Product ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Dpph Method

Background: Natural products play a significant role in drug discovery process due to containing of a large variety of bioactive compounds. Objective: To isolate the essential oil from Salvia fruticosa (SF), Lavandula intermedia (LI), and Rosmarinus officinalis (RO) with identification the chemical composition of the oils and to investigate the antioxidant, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Method: The plant materials were cultivated and supplied from Yalova, Turkey. Essential oils were generated from aerial parts of each plant by steam distillation and the compounds were identified by GC-MS analyses. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were determined. DPPH method was used for antioxidant activity. Seed germination was executed with the standard method. Antifungal and antibacterial activity were carried out by disc diffusion method. Results: 1,8-Cineole (45.8%) was the main constituent of SF. Linalyl acetate (34.4%) was detected as the chief product of LI. The major product of RO was assigned as 1,8-cineole (43.3%). RO essential oil (IC50, 224.76 µg ml-1) had higher DPPH• effect than the standard, BHT. LI essential oil showed the outstanding antifungal activity (100%) on Botrytis cinerea and Scelerotinia sclerotiorum. LI essential oil inhibited the Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis at the rate of 16.4% at 7.5 µl dose. The best antibacterial effect was observed for RO essential oil on Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (30.5%) at 7.5 µl. Conclusion: R. officinalis essential has a potential for using in food industry as a natural antioxidant. L. intermedia and R. officinalis essential oils could be useful in food and agriculture to keep the products in high worth.

scholarly journals The Influence of Carrier Oils on the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Essential Oils

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ané Orchard ◽  
Guy Kamatou ◽  
Alvaro M. Viljoen ◽  
Namita Patel ◽  
Patricia Mawela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Essential Oil Formulations

The topical use of essential oils requires dilution into a carrier oil; however, scientific evidence regarding the antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity when a carrier oil is combined with an essential oil is lacking. This study sets out to determine the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of 23 essential oils combined with six known carrier oils. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionization detector (GC-MS/FID) was used to characterize the methyl esters of the carrier oils. The antimicrobial activity of the carrier oils alone and in combination with the essential oils was investigated using the broth microdilution assay against 11 skin pathogens and the cytotoxicity was determined using the brine shrimp lethality assay. The interactive profiles of the combinations for both antimicrobial activity and the cytotoxicity were analysed and calculated using the fractional inhibitory concentration index (ΣFIC). The carrier oils demonstrated no antimicrobial antagonism when combined with the essential oils and the overall cytotoxicity of the majority of the combinations was decreased. The carrier oils that could be identified as enhancing the antimicrobial activity and decreasing the cytotoxicity were Aloe vera Mill. and Simmondsia chinensis C.K.Schneid (Jojoba oil), with an overall reduction in essential oil cytotoxicity of 87.5% at 24 hrs and 85% at 48 hrs by A. vera. Five of the essential oils (when diluted in A. vera and S. chinensis carrier oils) demonstrated enhanced antimicrobial activity against pathogens such as Brevibacterium epidermidis, B. linens, and P. aeruginosa with MIC values ranging from 0.09 to 0.50 mg/mL (and ΣFIC 0.14-0.39). The study could conclude that the carrier oils are complementary to essential oil formulations, mostly reducing cytotoxicity and in some cases enhancing the antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF THE GENUS MONARDA PLANTS CULTIVATED IN BELARUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Aleksandrovna Kovalenko ◽  
Виктор Николаевич Leontiev ◽  
Galina Nikolayevna Supichenko ◽  
Tat'yana Igorevna Ahramovich ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Feskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Test Cultures

The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation method from the genus Monarda plants cultivated in Belarus were investigated. Using the technique of gas-liquid chromatography essential oil components were identified and determined. The dominant components of the essential oils were thymol (up to 27%), carvacrol (up to 29%), γ-terpinene (up to 22%) p-cimene (up to 35%). The distribution of dominant components of monarda essential oil depending on the plant chemotype and the method of preparing plant materials was shown. Antimicrobial activity of monarda essential oil against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria test cultures was revealed. Gram-positive bacterial cultures were more sensitive to the inhibitory effect of monarda essential oils. Antimicrobial properties of dominant components (thymol, carvacrol, γ-terpinene and p-cimene) were investigated. Effect of dominant component concentration on the antimicrobial properties of monarda essential oils was established.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anti-Enzymatic Activity of Five Common Spices: Focus on Their Essential Oils and Spent Material Extractives

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2692
Author(s):  
Adriana Trifan ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Mihai Brebu ◽  
Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak ◽  
Simon Vlad Luca
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Common Spices

The essential oil industry of aromatic herbs and spices is currently producing a significant amount of by-products, such as the spent plant materials remaining after steam or hydrodistillation, that are simply discarded. The aim of this study was to comparatively investigate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant and multi-enzymatic inhibitory potential of the essential oils and spent plant material extractives obtained from cinnamon, cumin, clove, laurel, and black pepper. The essential oils were characterized by the presence of several phytochemical markers (cinnamaldehyde, cuminaldehyde, eugenol, eucalyptol, α-terpinene, limonene, β-caryophyllene or β-pinene). On the other hand, the LC-HRMS/MS profiling of the spent material extracts allowed the annotation of species specific and non-specific metabolites, such as organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, hydrolysable tannins, fatty acids, or piperamides. All samples exhibited very strong antioxidant effects, with the clove essential oil displaying the strongest radical scavenging (525.78 and 936.44 mg TE/g in DPPH and ABTS assays), reducing (2848.28 and 1927.98 mg TE/g in CUPRAC and FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (68.19 mmol TE/g). With respect to the anti-acetylcholinesterase (0.73–2.95 mg GALAE/g), anti-butyrylcholinesterase (0–3.41 mg GALAE/g), anti-tyrosinase (0–76.86 mg KAE/g), anti-amylase and anti-glucosidase (both 0–1.00 mmol ACAE/g) assays, the spice samples showed a modest activity. Overall, our study reports that, not only the volatile fractions of common spices, but also their spent plant materials remaining after hydrodistillation can be regarded as rich sources of bioactive molecules with antioxidant and multi-enzymatic inhibitory effects.

scholarly journals The aromatherapy formulation of essential oils in reducing stress and blood pressure on human

2021 ◽  
Vol 914 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
C R Kholibrina ◽  
A Aswandi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Emotional Management ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Essential Oil Formulations ◽  
Calming Effect

Abstract Unhealthy lifestyles such as low physical activity, unbalanced nutrition consumption, high workloads, and low emotional management make a person vulnerable to stress. The large-scale lockdowns to reduce COVID-19 transmission also exacerbate the stress level. Regarding organic and complementary therapeutic schemes, both increased relaxation and decreased hypertension are carried out using aromatherapy that involves essential oil formulations. This study aims to identify the characteristics and effects of aromatherapy formulations, including benzoin, nutmeg, and citronella essential oils on relaxation and human blood pressure. The study began by identifying local applications of essential oils through interviews with 20 local people who apply essential oil in their remedies. The method included initial and final measurements of blood pressure in aromatherapy application for three consecutive days. To evaluate aromatherapy profiles, forty respondents were selected purposively and asked about their expression after inhalation. The results showed that application of the aromatherapy formulation reduced systolic pressure by 8.5 mmHg and diastolic pressure by 1.2 mmHg. Most of the respondents considered that the aroma of formulated essential oils has a refreshing and calming effect on their mind. These antidepressant effects are obtained from combination of benzyl cinnamate, geraniol, linalool, myristicin, p-cymene etc in formulated essential oils. This research concluded that inhalation of essential oils formulation provided a relaxing effect and reduced hypertension, significantly.

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