scholarly journals Chemical Constituents and Larvicidal Activity of Hymenaea courbaril Fruit Peel

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000501 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Cláudio D. Aguiar ◽  
Gilvandete M. P. Santiago ◽  
Patrícia L. Lavor ◽  
Helenicy N. H. Veras ◽  
Yana S. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Unripe Fruits

The chemical compositions of the essential oils from the peel of ripe and unripe fruits of Hymenaea courbaril L., obtained by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The main constituents of the essential oil from the peel of the ripe fruits were the sesquiterpenes α-copaene (11.1%), spathulenol (10.1%) and β-selinene (8.2%), while germacrene-D (31.9%), β-caryophyllene (27.1%) and bicyclogermacrene (6.5%) were the major compounds in the oil from unripe fruits. The essential oils were tested against Aedes aegypti larvae and showed LC50 values of 14.8 ± 0.4 μg/mL and 28.4 ± 0.3 μg/mL for the ripe and unripe fruit peel oils, respectively. From the peel of the ripe fruits, the diterpenes zanzibaric acid and isoozic acid were isolated, along with the sesquiterpene caryolane-1,9β-diol. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of this sesquiterpene in the genus. The structures of all compounds isolated were identified on the basis of their spectral data (IR, MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR) and by comparison with literature spectral data.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the chemical compositions, larvicidal and antimicrobial efficacies of Zingiber castaneum and Zingiber nitens essential oils

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le T. Huong ◽  
Trinh T Huong ◽  
Nguyen T. Bich ◽  
Nguyen T. Viet ◽  
Isiaka Ajani Ogunwande
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Significant Mortality

Abstract In this paper, we report the chemical constituents, larvicidal and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from Zingiber castaneum Škorničk. & Q.B. Nguyễn and Zingiber nitens M.F. Newman growing in Vietnam. The main constituents of Z. castaneum leaf were bicyclogermacrene (24.8%), germacrene D (12.9%), cis -β-elemene (11.2%) and β-pinene (10.3%), while the pseudo-stem contained bicyclogermacrene (15.8%), cis -β-elemene (9.8%) and germacrene D (9.2%). The significant compound of the rhizome oil was sabinene (22.9%), along with α-pinene (7.8%), β-pinene (6.5%), bornyl acetate (6.1%) and γ-terpinene (5.5%). However, β-pinene (45.8%), α-pinene (10.7%) and bicyclogermacrene (7.8%) were the dominant compounds in the leaf oil of Z. nitens . Terpinen-4-ol (77.9%) occurred as the compound occurring in higher amount in the rhizome oil. The rhizome oil of Z. castaneum exhibited 100% mortality towards Ae. aegypti (concentration, 200 µg/mL; 24 h and 48 h) and Ae. albopictus (concentration, 100 µg/mL; 24 h and 48 h). However, mortality of 81.3% was observed against Cx. quinquefasciatus at 48 h (concentration 100 µg/mL). The leaf also exhibited 100% mortality against Ae. aegypti (concentration, 100 µg/mL; 24 h and 48 h) and Cx. quinquefasciatus (concentration, 150 µg/mL; 24 h and 48 h). The rhizome oil displayed a minimum lethal concentration LC 50 of 121.43 µg/mL and 110.31 µg/mL against Ae. aegypti respectively at 24 h and 48 h while values of 49.85 µg/mL and 43.93 µg/mL at 24 h and 48 h were observed against Ae. albopictus respectively. In addition, LC 50 values of 88.86 µg/mL and 48.08 µg/mL were recorded respectively against Cx. quinquefasciatus . Also, the leaf oil displayed significant larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti with LC 50 of 39.30 µg/mL (24 h) and 31.78 µg/mL (48 h) while LC 50 values of 84.97 µg/mL (24 h) and 47.40 µg/mL (48 h) were recorded respectively against Cx. quinquefasciatus . The leaf oil of Z. nitens exhibited 100% mortality against Ae. aegypti at 24 h and 48 h period (concentration 50 µg/mL) while the rhizome oil displayed maximum mortality at concentration of 100 µg/mL. The rhizome oil attained only mortality of 93% against Cx. quinquefasciatus at test period. No significant mortality was recorded against Cx. quinquefasciatus by the leaf oil. The LC 50 values of 17.58 µg/mL (24 h) and 15.12 µg/mL (48 h) were displayed by the leaf oil against Ae. aegypti while values of 29.60 µg/mL (24 h) and 26.21 (48 h) were exhibited by the rhizome oil. Only the rhizome oil was toxic against Cx. quinquefasciatus with LC 50 of of 64.18 µg/mL (24 h) and 59.06 µg/mL (48 h). The pseudo-stem oil of Z. castaneum inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 25923) with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 µg/mL, while all other tested samples recorded MIC of 50 µg/mL. However, only the pseudo-stem oil of Z. castaneum displayed antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger (ATCC 9763) and Fusarium oxysporum (ATCC 48112) with MIC of 50 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Marine Sponge Aaptos aaptos (Schmidt, 1864) and Their Cytotoxic Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2199334
Author(s):  
Do Thi Trang ◽  
Bui Huu Tai ◽  
Dan Thuy Hang ◽  
Pham Hai Yen ◽  
Phan Thi Thanh Huong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tddft Method ◽  
Mcf 7

Seven compounds (1-7) were isolated from the marine sponge Aaptos aaptos living in the Vietnamese sea. Their structures were determined as 2 hours, 5 H,7 H,9 H-9 S-hydroxy-imidazo[1,5- α]pyridine-1,3-dione (1), 3-([9-methylhexadecyl]oxy)propane-1,2-diol 2, 2,3-dihydro-2,3-dioxoaaptamine (3), indol-3-aldehyde (4), methyl indole-3-carboxylate (5) 4-hydroxy-5-(indole-3-yl)−5-oxo-pentan-2-one (6), and thymidine (7) by extensive analysis of HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectral data, as well as by comparison of the spectral data with those reported in the literature. In addition, the absolute configuration of 1 was determined from the experimental ECD spectrum and comparison of this with the theoretical ECD calculations using the TDDFT method. Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated from nature for the first time. Compound 3 induced cytotoxic activity against SK-LU-1, MCF-7, HepG2, and SK-Mel-2 cell lines with IC50 values of 41.27 ± 2.63, 40.70 ± 2.65, 34.31 ± 3.43, and 36.63 ± 1.40 µM, respectively.

scholarly journals Biflavonoids from the Unripe Fruits of Clusia Paralicola and their Antioxidant Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Ferreira Oliveira ◽  
Celso Amorim Camara ◽  
Maria de Fátima Agra ◽  
Tania Maria Sarmento Silva
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Cd Spectra ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Unripe Fruits

Investigation of the green fruits of Clusia paralicola (Clusiaceae) led to the isolation and characterization of two 3,8″-biflavonoids, 2R, 3S, 2″R, 3″R-GB1-7″- O-β-glucoside (1) and 2R, 3S, 2″R, 3,8″-binaringenin-7″-O-β-glucoside (2), together with four known compounds: β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, β-amyrin, and epicatechin. The structures were established from the IR, LC-ESI-MS and NMR spectral data, including 2D-NMR experiments. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by CD spectra. The total extract and the biflavonoids demonstrated significant antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and β-carotene/linoleic acid tests.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Obtained from Heteromorpha arborescens (Spreng.) Cham. and Schltdl Leaves Using Two Extraction Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Taiwo Oluwafunmilola Abifarin ◽  
Gloria Aderonke Otunola ◽  
Anthony Jide Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds

This study was aimed at comparing the essential oils obtained from Heteromorpha arborescens leaves by Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction (SFME) and Hydrodistillation (HD) methods in terms of their chemical compositions, yield, CO2 emission, and energy consumption. The solvent-free microwave extraction method indicated a higher oil yield of 0.7 mL/200 g (0.35%) as compared to 0.59 mL/200 g (0.295%) obtained through hydrodistillation. GC-MS analysis of the oils revealed a total of 52 chemical components from both methods with the presence of 35 (96.52%) and 30 (71.15%) chemical constituents for HD and SFME, respectively. The major constituents observed in the essential oil extracted by SFME methods include α-pinene (6%), D-limonene (11.27%), β-ocimene (9.09%), β-phellandrene (6.33%), β-mycene (8.49%), caryophyllene (5.96%), and camphene (4.28%). However, in the hydrodistillation method, the oil was majorly composed of a-pinene (4.41%), β-pinene (10.68%), β-ocimene (6.30%), germacrene-D (5.09%), humulene (5.55%), and α-elemene (6.18%). The SFME method was better in terms of saving energy (0.25 kWh against 4.2 kWh of energy consumed), reduced CO2 emission (200 g against 3360 g of CO2), a higher yield, and better quality of essential oil due to the presence of higher valuable oxygenated compounds (8.52%) against that of the hydrodistillation method (2.96%). The SFME method is, therefore, a good alternative for extracting the oils of H. arborescens leaves since the essential oil yield is higher with more oxygenated compounds, considerable energy savings, lower cost, and reduced environmental burden at substantially reduced extraction time (30 min as opposed to 180 min).

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Aerial Parts and Fruit of Anisosciadium Orientale

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Rowshan ◽  
Ahmad Hatami ◽  
Atefeh Bahmanzadegan ◽  
Mahnaz Yazdani
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Geranyl Butyrate ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Fruit Oil

The essential oils from aerial parts and fruits of Anisosciadium orientale DC. growing wild in Iran were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Seventy-one compounds were identified in the fruit oil and fifteen in the oil from the aerial parts. The main oil components of the fruits and aerial parts were myristicin (33.5%-33.7%), α-terpinolene (22%-25.8%) and limonene (19.5%-19.7%). Some compounds, such as geranyl butyrate and germacrene-D, were only detected in the fruit oil.

scholarly journals Chemical compositon, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Cnidium silaifolium ssp. orientale (Boiss.) Tutin essential oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. e403
Author(s):  
A.E. Karadağ ◽  
B. Demirci ◽  
Ö. Çeçen ◽  
F. Tosun ◽  
F. Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Different Parts

The chemical compositions of the essential oils (EOs) obtained by hydrodistillation from different parts of Cnidium silaifolium ssp. orientale (Boiss.) Tutin were analyzed both by GC-FID and GC/MS, simultaneously. One hundred nine compounds representing 90.1% of the total volatiles in the EOs were identified with the main characteristic compounds α-pinene (50.3%) in the root, germacrene D (20.3%) in the fruit, and β-caryophyllene (18.7%) in the aerial parts of C. silaifolium ssp. orientale. The antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria was evaluated by the in vitro microdilution method. Antibacterial succeptibility was observed from the root and aerial part EOs against Staphylococcus aureus (0.039 and 0.156 mg/mL, respectively); while the fruit EO was most effective against Bacillus cereus at 0.07 mg/mL. The antioxidant capacities of the EOs were also evaluated by in vitro DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging assays, where no significant activity was observed compared to ascorbic acid and Trolox.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Scutellaria Genus Essential Oils (Lamiaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Kasaian ◽  
Peiman Alesheikh ◽  
Ameneh Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Context: Essential oils are secondary metabolites with versatile organic structures that, due to their compounds, have useful medicinal properties. There are about 250 species of the genus of Scutellaria perennial flowering plants from the Lamiaceae family. Its application for the treatment of allergy, inflammatory, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, and hepatitis has a long history. Evidence Acquisition: Various studies on the chemical compounds of the Scutellaria genus have identified several ‎compounds, especially essentials oils. The current review is based on the evidence found in Chemical Abstract, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar databases. Results: Many studies on the chemical components of essential oils from the Scutellaria genus have identified several compounds. We summarized the chemical compositions and biological activities of Scutellaria essential oils. Hexadecanoic acid, germacrene D, β-caryophyllene, linalool, β-farnesene, and eugenol are the main compounds in essential oils of this genus. Despite many reports about essential oils of Scutellaria species (more than 38), a large number of species have not been studied yet. Therefore, several studies should be conducted on the chemical compounds and biological activities of unstudied Scutellaria essential oils. Conclusions: This review has summarized reports on the chemistry and biological activities of Scutellaria essential oils,‎ such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifeedant, phytotoxic, and acaricidal toxicities, based on the recent literature.

Chemical composition of the essential oils of four Polyalthia species from Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 473-478
Author(s):  
Natasa Mohd Shakri ◽  
Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh ◽  
Shamsul Khamis ◽  
Nor Azah Mohamad Ali ◽  
Shazlyn Milleana Shaharudin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Gastrointestinal Ulcer ◽  
Germacrene D

AbstractPolyalthia is one of the largest genera in the Annonaceae family, and has been widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of rheumatic fever, gastrointestinal ulcer, and generalized body pain. The present investigation reports on the extraction by hydrodistillation and the composition of the essential oils of four Polyalthia species (P. sumatrana, P. stenopetalla, P. cauliflora, and P. rumphii) growing in Malaysia. The chemical composition of these essential oils was determined by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The multivariate analysis was determined using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) methods. The results revealed that the studied essential oils are made up principally of bicyclogermacrene (18.8%), cis-calamenene (14.6%) and β-elemene (11.9%) for P. sumatrana; α-cadinol (13.0%) and δ-cadinene (10.2%) for P. stenopetalla; δ-elemene (38.1%) and β-cubebene (33.1%) for P. cauliflora; and finally germacrene D (33.3%) and bicyclogermacrene for P. rumphii. PCA score and HCA plots revealed that the essential oils were classified into three separated clusters of P. cauliflora (Cluster I), P. sumatrana (Cluster II), and P. stenopetalla, and P. rumphii (Cluster III) based on their characteristic chemical compositions. Our findings demonstrate that the essential oil could be useful for the characterization, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic applications of Polyalthia essential oil.

Chemical Compositions of the Flower Essential Oils of Elaeagnuslanceolata Warb. apud Diels

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2246-2249
Author(s):  
Chang Qing Wang ◽  
Su Juan Pan ◽  
Xin You Lei ◽  
Guo Fang Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Pelargonic Acid ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Major Chemical

The flower essential oil in Elaeagnus lanceolata Warb. apud Diels flowers is extracted by water-steaming method. The extraction rate is 0.53%. The chemical compositions of the essential oil have been identified with the optimum separating and analyzing conditions by means of the GC-MS. The result shows 31 compounds are separated. The represention rate of total essential oil is 83.9％. The major chemical compositions of essential oil in Elaeagnus lanceolata Warb. apud Diels are octyl 4-methoxycinnamate，pelargonic acid , linoleic acid , palmitic acid , Germacrene D，hydrocarbon etc.

scholarly journals Essential Oil ofBetula pendulaRoth. Buds

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül Demirci ◽  
Dietrich H. Paper ◽  
Fatih Demirci ◽  
K. Hüsnü Can Başer ◽  
Gerhard Franz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Main Components

The essential oil ofBetula pendulaRoth. buds was obtained using both hydrodistillation and microdistillation techniques and their chemical compositions were analyzed using both gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Overall, more than 50 compounds were identified representing 80% and 92% for hydrodistillation and microdistillation, respectively. The main components (by hydrodistillation and microdistillation, respectively) found were α-copaene (12% and 10%), germacrene D (11% and 18%) and δ-cadinene (11% and 15%) in the analyzed essential oils. The microdistillation technique proved to be a useful tool and compliant alternative when compared to hydrodistillation.

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