Comparative Chemical, Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Properties of Essential Oils from Chenopodium ambrosioides

In countries where leishmaniasis is endemic, there are not very many treatment alternatives and most options have problems associated with their use. Plants and their natural products constitute good sources of interesting lead compounds that could be potentially active against Leishmania. Chenopodium ambrosioides is a plant that is widely used in popular medicine and its antiparasitic effects have been documented, including the antileishmanial potentialities of Chenopodium oil. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, in-vitro cytotoxicity and antileishmanial activity of essential oils extracted from C. ambrosioides, which received different treatments prior to extraction. The chemical characterization by GC-MS of the three essential oil samples showed similar composition and the major components were α-terpinene (17.0-20.7%), p-cymene (20.2-21.1%) and ascaridole (30.5-47.1%). The essential oils exhibited similar antileishmanial activities against intracellular amastigote form, with IC50 values between 4.7 and 12.4 μg/mL. However, a lower cytotoxicity was displayed by the essential oil extracted from fresh green vegetable material, which was statistically different ( P < 0.05) from the other samples. This study demonstrated that the prior treatment of plant material did not interfere with the antiparasitic activity of essential oils from C. ambrosioides but did change their cytotoxicity, which should be taken into account in further studies.

Download Full-text

Chemical Characterization and Antidiabetic Activity of Essential Oils from Pelargonium graveolens Leaves

ARO-The Scientific Journal of Koya University ◽

10.14500/aro.10791 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 109-113

Author(s):

Javed Ahamad ◽

Subasini Uthirapathy

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Study Finding ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Pelargonium Graveolens

Pelargonium graveolens (Geranium) is a source of the finest quality of fragrance and its essential oils are used as antibacterial, and antifungal agents. The aim of the current research is to determine chemical constituents in the essential oil of P. graveolens by GC-MS and evaluate its antidiabetic activity via α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The chemical composition of P. graveolens essential oil was determined by GC/MS and its antidiabetic activity was assessed through inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme in in-vitro models. GC-MS analysis determines 36 chemical components in the essential oil of P. graveolens leaves, and citronellyl isovalerate (10.41 %), menthol (9.61 %), linalool (8.63 %), p-menthone (6.31 %), and geranyl tiglate (4.99 %) were recorded as major constituents. The essential oil of P. graveolens leaves showed concentration dependant inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme ranging from 28.13±1.41 to 74.24±2.53 µg/mL for concentration ranging from 31.25 to 1000 µg/mL. The IC50 values for of P. graveolens and acarbose were found as 93.72±4.76 and 80.4±2.17 µg/mL, respectively against the α-glucosidase enzyme. The study finding explores the chemical components of P. graveolens growing in the Iraqi Kurdistan region and scientifically supported its possible use in diabetic patients for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia.

Download Full-text

Chemical characterization and determination of in vivo and in vitro antifungal activity of essential oils from four Eucalyptus species against the Hemileia vastatrix Berk and Br fungus, the agent of coffee leaf rust

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.09.p2249 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1379-1384

Author(s):

Alex Rodrigues Silva Caetano ◽

Sara Maria Chalfoun ◽

Mario Lúcio Vilela Resende ◽

Caroline Lima Angélico ◽

Wilder Douglas Santiago ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Eucalyptus Species ◽

Hemileia Vastatrix ◽

Antifungal Activities

Essential oils, also known as volatile oils, are substances produced through the secondary metabolism of plants. In this study, we determined the chemical composition and the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of the essential oils from four species of Eucalyptus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus microcorys, against the Hemileia vastatrix fungus. The essential oils from these four species of Eucalyptus were extracted from their leaves by the hydrodistillation technique using a modified Clevenger apparatus. The chemical characterization was performed by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer detector and by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector. The antifungal activities of the essential oils against H. vastatrix were studied by evaluating the percentage of spore germination using the microdilution test for in vitro assays. The curative and preventive effects were evaluated in in vivo tests. The principal constituents of the essential oil from E. citriodora were citronellal, citronellol and isopulegol, while E. camaldulensis produced 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol and α-pinene. 1,8-cineole, α-pinene and α-terpineol were obtained from E. grandis and 1,8-cineole, α-pinene and trans-pinocarveol were the principal components in the essential oil of E. microcorys. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities against the fungus under study were observed for most of the essential oils, except the essential oil from E. microcorys, for which no preventive antifungal activity was observed. Only the curing of infection by the H. vastatrix fungus was observed with this oil.

Download Full-text

Chemical composition, acetylcholine esterase and Anti-bacterial activities of essential oils of Elaeosilenum thapsioides (Desf.) Maire from Algeria

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026621666210813110847 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Zakaria Barbeche ◽

Hocine Laouer ◽

Ramazan Erenler ◽

Mohamed Hajji ◽

Guido Flamini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Research Work ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Ache Inhibitory Activity

Background: Traditionally, The Algerian medicinal plant Elaeosilenum thapsioides have been used for many diseases. Objective: The present research work is aimed to explore the chemical and biological characterization of essential oil of, Elaeoselinum thapsioides (Desf.) Maire. Methods : The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of different Elaeosilenum thapsioides (Apiaceae) aerial parts samples collected from two different regions (Mahouane and Megres) Setif, Eastern Algeria. The chemical characterization of the obtained essential oils was investigated in the present work for the first time by GC and GC-MS. Besides, they were evaluated for their in-vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity whose enzyme hyperactivity is involved in Alzheimer’s disease. Using Ellman’s spectrophotometric method, additionally, their in-vitro antimicrobial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion method. Both activities were performed at various oil concentrations. Results: The GC/MS analysis of the aerial parts (leaves, stems, flowers, and seeds) essential oils of E. thapsioides revealed the presence of dominant compounds and others in small quantities, identifying 47 chemical molecules. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were the main components, ranging from 72.78 % to 99.13 %. Oxygenated monoterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes ranged between (1.37 % -17.25 %) and (0.12 % -3.53 %) in leaves and stem essential oils. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were present in small to large quantities in the essential oils of both populations, with contents ranging from 0.69 % to 13.44 %. For the Isothiocyanates, their presence was recorded in leaves and stem essential oils from Mahouane and Merges with 9.73 % and 3.72 %, consecutively. Indeed, the essential oil of the Mahouane stem showed the highest AChE inhibitory activity among all the tested essential oils. Whereas the highest antibacterial activity was shown by the essential oil obtained from Megres leaves against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778. Conclusion: The oils exhibited a moderate inhibitory activity in both activities.

Download Full-text

Chemical Composition and in vitro Cytotoxic and Antileishmanial Activities of Extract and Essential Oil from Leaves of Piper cernuum

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501000217 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tabata M. Capello ◽

Euder G. A. Martins ◽

Camyla F. de Farias ◽

Carlos R. Figueiredo ◽

Alisson L. Matsuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Meoh Extract ◽

Infected Cells ◽

High Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Antileishmanial Activities ◽

Spectral Data Analysis

Fractionation of the MeOH extract from leaves of Piper cernuum Vell. (Piperaceae) afforded six phenylpropanoid derivatives: 3′,4′-dimethoxy-dihydrocinnamic acid (1), piplaroxide (2), methyl 4′-hydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxy cinnamate (3), 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxydihydrocinnamic acid (3), dihydropiplartine (5), and piplartine (6). The structures of isolated metabolites were characterized by NMR and MS spectral data analysis. The chemical composition of essential oil from the leaves was determined using GC/LREIMS followed by the determination of Kovats indexes. This procedure allowed the identification of nineteen terpenoids, with β-elemene (7), bicyclogermacrene (8), germacrene D (9), and (E)-caryophyllene (10) as the main compounds. Compounds 1 and 3-6 displayed no in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cell lineages B16F10-Nex2, U87, HeLa, HL-60, HCT, and A2058 while 2 showed moderate activity against B16F10-Nex2 and HL-60 lines. Otherwise, compounds 7-10 displayed high cytotoxic activity. Evaluation against non-tumorigenic HFF cells indicated a reduced selectivity of compounds 7-10 to tumoral cells. No antileishmanial activity on macrophages infected with L. (L.) amazonensis was found for the crude MeOH extract and compounds 1-6. The crude essential oil and compounds 7-10 reduced parasitism and eliminated the majority of infected and non-infected cells at 50μg/mL.

Download Full-text

Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. Essential Oil from Togo

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v44i4.4594 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 435-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Koffi Koba ◽

Guyon Catherine ◽

Christine Raynaud ◽

Jean-Pierre Chaumont ◽

Komla Sanda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Cell Line ◽

Human Cell Line ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Leaf Essential Oil

The leaf essential oil of Chromolaena odorata L. (Chenopodiaceae) from Togo were steam-distilled, analyzed by GC and GC-MS for chemical composition and investigated in vitro for its potential cytotoxic activity on human epidermic cell line HaCat. The chemical composition showed that the main constituents of essential oil sample were respectively ascaridole (51.12 %), p-cymene (19.88 %), neral (8.70%) and geraniol (7.55%). The in vitro cytotoxicity bioassays on human cell line HaCaT revealed moderate toxicity level of C. ambrosioides essential oil IC50 with 700 μL.mL-1. Pure commercial neral standard showed high toxicity with IC50 value of 100 μL.mL-1). Conversely, pure ascaridole p-cymene and geraniol standards appeared almost non-toxic (IC50 >1000 μL.mL-1), proving the major role played by neral in the overall toxicity showed by the C. ambrosiodes oil sample tested in this work. Keywords: Chenopodium ambrosioides; Essential oil; Ascaridole; p-cymene; HaCaT cell line; Cytotoxicity. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i4.4594 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(4), 435-440, 2009

Download Full-text

Essential Oil Compositions and Cytotoxic Activities of Dendropanax capillaris, Oreopanax Nubigenus, and Schefflera Rodrigueziana from Monteverde, Costa Rica

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0900400221 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Justin D. Richmond ◽

Brittany R. Agius ◽

Brenda S. Wright ◽

William A. Haber ◽

Debra M. Moriarity ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

High Concentrations

The leaf essential oils of Dendropanax capillaris, Oreopanax nubigenus and Schefflera rodrigueziana (Araliaceae) were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The leaf oil of Dendropanax capillaris was composed of only four compounds, β-pinene (25.3%), δ-3-carene (44.7%), daucene (17.1%), and dauca-5,8-diene (12.9%). Oreopanax nubigenus leaf oil was dominated by the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons germacrene D (70.1%) and β-caryophyllene (11.8%), while Schefflera rodrigueziana leaf oil was made up entirely of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, mostly germacrene D (27.6%), β-cubebene (27.2%), β-caryophyllene (12.2%), α-cubebene (11.1%), and α-copaene (10.8%). Both O. nubigenus and S. rodrigueziana leaf oils showed notable in-vitro cytotoxicity on MDA-MB-231 cells, which may be attributable to the relatively high concentrations of germacrene D and β-caryophyllene in those oils.

Download Full-text

Chemical characterization of the Allium sativum and Origanum vulgare essential oils and their inhibition effect on the growth of some food pathogens

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais ◽

10.1590/1983-084x/10_120 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 804-811 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A.C.T. Mallet ◽

M.G Cardoso ◽

P.E. Souza ◽

S.M.F. Machado ◽

M.A. Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

In Vitro Tests ◽

Diallyl Disulfide ◽

Food Contaminants ◽

Origanum Vulgare ◽

Oregano Essential Oil

This study sought to evaluate the chemical composition of the Allium sativum and Origanum vulgare essential oils and their effect on the growth inhibition of microorganisms, such as P. aeruginosa, S. Choleraesuis, A. flavus, A. niger and P. simplicissimum, important food contaminants. The main constituents of the oregano essential oil were 4-terpineol (27.03%), γ-terpinene (20.04%), and β-cymene (6.34%), and the main constituents of the garlic essential oil were diallyl trisulfide (38, 81%), diallyl disulfide (25.23%), and methyl allyl trisulfide (12.52%). Inhibition zones were formed in in vitro tests on the bacteria S. Choleraesuis and P. aeruginosa, except for A. sativum against P. aeruginosa. The inhibition of mycelial growth caused by the oregano essential oil occurred with the concentrations of 0.10, 0.03 and 0.05 mg mL-1 for the A. flavus, A. niger and P. simplicissimum fungi, respectively. The CMI for the garlic oil began at the 0.03 mg mL-1 concentration for all species of fungi. The oils presented an inhibitory effect against the microorganisms studied and constitute an alternative for microbiological control in food.

Download Full-text

Actividad antifúngica de Cymbopogon citratus contra Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

Agronomía Mesoamericana ◽

10.15517/ma.v28i2.23647 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 465 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alexander Francisco Pérez Cordero ◽

Leonardo Miguel Chamorro Anaya ◽

Deimer Calixto Vitola Romero ◽

Jesús María Hernández Gómez

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Cymbopogon Citratus ◽

A Value

The objective of this research was to evaluate in vitro the inhibitory activity of essential oils from fresh leaves of Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in yam. The research was conducted in the department of Sucre, Colombia. The essential oils of C. citratus were collected in the municipalities of Sincelejo, La Union and Sampues, in September and October 2015. The essential oil was extract from fresh leaves using the microwave-assisted hydrodistillation. Concentrations of 5000, 8000 and 10 000 ppm of each essential oil were prepared. An absolute control, a positive control (benomyl 1 g/l) and a negative control was used. An inhibitory activity was obtained by using the direct seeding on surface of the potato-dextrose-agar method and it was expressed as percentage of inhibition rate. The chemical characterization of essential oils was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The highest percentages of antifungal index were observed in the lemongrass from Sincelejo at concentrations of 5000, 8000 and 10 000 ppm, after in La Union at 8000 and 10 000 ppm, and finally at Sampues at 10 000 ppm, with a value of 97.77%; the effect was similar to the positive control with benomyl 1 g/l. Citral was the main constituent of the essential oils extracted. The essential oils obtained from the three municipalities showed antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides.

Download Full-text