Chemical Composition and in vitro Cytotoxic and Antileishmanial Activities of Extract and Essential Oil from Leaves of Piper cernuum

Fractionation of the MeOH extract from leaves of Piper cernuum Vell. (Piperaceae) afforded six phenylpropanoid derivatives: 3′,4′-dimethoxy-dihydrocinnamic acid (1), piplaroxide (2), methyl 4′-hydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxy cinnamate (3), 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxydihydrocinnamic acid (3), dihydropiplartine (5), and piplartine (6). The structures of isolated metabolites were characterized by NMR and MS spectral data analysis. The chemical composition of essential oil from the leaves was determined using GC/LREIMS followed by the determination of Kovats indexes. This procedure allowed the identification of nineteen terpenoids, with β-elemene (7), bicyclogermacrene (8), germacrene D (9), and (E)-caryophyllene (10) as the main compounds. Compounds 1 and 3-6 displayed no in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cell lineages B16F10-Nex2, U87, HeLa, HL-60, HCT, and A2058 while 2 showed moderate activity against B16F10-Nex2 and HL-60 lines. Otherwise, compounds 7-10 displayed high cytotoxic activity. Evaluation against non-tumorigenic HFF cells indicated a reduced selectivity of compounds 7-10 to tumoral cells. No antileishmanial activity on macrophages infected with L. (L.) amazonensis was found for the crude MeOH extract and compounds 1-6. The crude essential oil and compounds 7-10 reduced parasitism and eliminated the majority of infected and non-infected cells at 50μg/mL.

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Comparative Chemical, Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Properties of Essential Oils from Chenopodium ambrosioides

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1100600232 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lianet Monzote ◽

Marcelina R. Nance ◽

Marley García ◽

Ramón Scull ◽

William N. Setzer

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽

Popular Medicine ◽

Lead Compounds ◽

Antileishmanial Activities ◽

Treatment Alternatives

In countries where leishmaniasis is endemic, there are not very many treatment alternatives and most options have problems associated with their use. Plants and their natural products constitute good sources of interesting lead compounds that could be potentially active against Leishmania. Chenopodium ambrosioides is a plant that is widely used in popular medicine and its antiparasitic effects have been documented, including the antileishmanial potentialities of Chenopodium oil. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, in-vitro cytotoxicity and antileishmanial activity of essential oils extracted from C. ambrosioides, which received different treatments prior to extraction. The chemical characterization by GC-MS of the three essential oil samples showed similar composition and the major components were α-terpinene (17.0-20.7%), p-cymene (20.2-21.1%) and ascaridole (30.5-47.1%). The essential oils exhibited similar antileishmanial activities against intracellular amastigote form, with IC50 values between 4.7 and 12.4 μg/mL. However, a lower cytotoxicity was displayed by the essential oil extracted from fresh green vegetable material, which was statistically different ( P < 0.05) from the other samples. This study demonstrated that the prior treatment of plant material did not interfere with the antiparasitic activity of essential oils from C. ambrosioides but did change their cytotoxicity, which should be taken into account in further studies.

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Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) essential oil

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-008-0013-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 149-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Zoran Maksimović ◽

Marina Milenković ◽

Dragana Vučićević ◽

Mihailo Ristić

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Flowering Plant ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Agar Disc ◽

Broth Microdilution Method

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a study on chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Thymus pannonicus All. (Lamiaceae) essential oil from Vojvodina province (north of Serbia). The investigated oil was hydrodistilled from a flowering plant and analysed by GC and GC-MS. Fifty-three constituents were identified (>97% of total oil), with geranial (41.42%, w/w) and neral (29.61%, w/w) as the most prominent. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, two strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and two strains of Candida albicans. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity to varying degrees against all tested strains. The maximum activity of T. Pannonicus oil was observed against E. coli, S. aureus and both tested strains of C. Albicans (MIC = 50 µ/ml, each). Moderate activity was observed against P. aeruginosa and one of the tested strains of K. Pneumoniae (MIC = 200 µ/ml), while E. faecalis and the other strain of K. Pneumoniae expressed a higher degree of resistance (MIC > 200 µ/ml). This study confirms that essential oil of T. pannonicus possesses remarkable in vitro antimicrobial activity against several medicinally important pathogens. This is attributable to lemon-scented citral, a mixture of geranial and neral, which has well-documented antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria and fungi.

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Composition, in vitro Cytotoxicity, Anti-mildew and Anti-wood-decay Fungal Activities of the Fruit Essential Oil of Liquidambar formosana from Taiwan

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1701200237 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yu-Chang Su ◽

Chen-Lung Ho

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Wood Decay ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Main Components ◽

Type Apparatus

This study investigated the chemical composition, in vitro cytotoxicity, anti-mildew, and anti-wood-decay fungal activities of the essential oil isolated from the fruit of Liquidambar formosana from Taiwan. The essential oil from the fresh fruit was isolated using hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and characterized by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of 45 compounds were identified, representing 98.5% of the essential oil. The main components identified were α-pinene (16.8%), β-caryophyllene (10.1%), τ-muurolol (8.3%), τ-cadinol (7.6%), β-pinene (6.7%), and sabinene (5.7%). The essential oil exhibited cytotoxic activity against human oral, liver, and lung cancer cells. The active source compounds were β-caryophyllene, τ-cadinol, and τ-muurolol. The fruit essential oil was shown to have excellent anti-mildew and anti-wood-decay fungal activities, the active compounds being evaluated as τ-cadinol and τ-muurolol.

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Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. Essential Oil from Togo

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v44i4.4594 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 435-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Koffi Koba ◽

Guyon Catherine ◽

Christine Raynaud ◽

Jean-Pierre Chaumont ◽

Komla Sanda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Cell Line ◽

Human Cell Line ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Leaf Essential Oil

The leaf essential oil of Chromolaena odorata L. (Chenopodiaceae) from Togo were steam-distilled, analyzed by GC and GC-MS for chemical composition and investigated in vitro for its potential cytotoxic activity on human epidermic cell line HaCat. The chemical composition showed that the main constituents of essential oil sample were respectively ascaridole (51.12 %), p-cymene (19.88 %), neral (8.70%) and geraniol (7.55%). The in vitro cytotoxicity bioassays on human cell line HaCaT revealed moderate toxicity level of C. ambrosioides essential oil IC50 with 700 μL.mL-1. Pure commercial neral standard showed high toxicity with IC50 value of 100 μL.mL-1). Conversely, pure ascaridole p-cymene and geraniol standards appeared almost non-toxic (IC50 >1000 μL.mL-1), proving the major role played by neral in the overall toxicity showed by the C. ambrosiodes oil sample tested in this work. Keywords: Chenopodium ambrosioides; Essential oil; Ascaridole; p-cymene; HaCaT cell line; Cytotoxicity. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i4.4594 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(4), 435-440, 2009

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Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Satureja horvatii Silic (Lamiaceae)

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc0807703l ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 73 (7) ◽

pp. 703-711 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Branislava Lakusic ◽

Mihailo Ristic ◽

Violeta Slavkovska ◽

Jelena Antic-Stankovic ◽

Marina Milenkovic

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Micrococcus Luteus ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Weak Activity

The present paper describes the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the endemic species Satureja horvatii Silic, collected in Montenegro. The essential oil was obtained from the aerial parts of the plant by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. From the 34 compounds representing 100 % of the oil, the major compound was the phenolic monoterpene thymol (63.37 %). The oil contained smaller amounts of g-terpinene (7.49 %), carvacrol methyl ether (4.92 %), carvacrol (4.67 %), p-cymene (4.52%), a-terpinene (1.81 %), borneol (1.58 %), a-thujene (1.56 %), b-caryophyllene (1.55 %) and b-myrcene (1.44 %). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of S. horvatii was evaluated using the agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity to varying degrees against all the tested strains. The maximum activity of S. horvatii oil was observed against Gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and against the yeast (Candida albicans). The oil exhibited moderate activity against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and weak activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study confirms that the essential oil of S. horvatii possesses antimicrobial activities in vitro against medically important pathogens.

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Composition, in vitro Cytotoxicity, and Anti-mildew Activities of the Leaf Essential Oil of Machilus thunbergii from Taiwan

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501001153 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501001

Author(s):

Yu-Chang Su ◽

Kuan-Ping Hsu ◽

Shu-Ching Li ◽

Chen-Lung Ho

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Active Source ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Machilus Thunbergii ◽

Leaf Essential Oil ◽

Main Components ◽

Type Apparatus

This study investigated the chemical composition, in-vitro cytotoxicity, and anti-mildew fungal activities of the essential oil isolated from the leaf of Machilus thunbergii from Taiwan. The essential oil was isolated using hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and characterized by GC–FID and GC–MS. Eighty-three compounds were identified, representing 99.8% of the oil. The main components identified were n-decanal (26.6%), β-caryophyllene (15.8%), α-humulene (10.8%), and β-eudesmol (10.5%). The oil exhibited cytotoxic activity against human oral, liver, lung, colon, melanoma, and leukemic cancer cells. The active source compounds were β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and β-eudesmol. The anti-mildew activity of the leaf oil was also evaluated. Results showed that the leaf oil had excellent anti-mildew activity. For the anti-mildew activity of the leaf oil, the active source compound was determined to be β-eudesmol.

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Chemical composition, in vitro larvicidal and antileishmanial activities of the essential oil from Citrus reticulata Blanco fruit peel

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.247539 ◽

2023 ◽

Vol 83 ◽

Author(s):

A. C. S. D. Oliveira ◽

C. C. Fernandes ◽

L. S. Santos ◽

A. C. B. B. Candido ◽

L. G. Magalhães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Antileishmanial Activities ◽

First Time ◽

Potential Use

Abstract Numerous studies have investigated the chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils from different Citrus species fruit peel, leaves and flowers. This paper aims to investigate the chemical composition, larvicidal and antileishmanial activities of essential oil from Citrus reticulata fruit peel (CR-EO). CR-EO was obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. Limonene (85.7%), ɣ-terpinene (6.7%) and myrcene (2.1%) were identified as its major components. CR-EO showed high activity against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis (IC50 = 8.23 µg/mL). CR-EO also exhibited high larvicidal activity against third instar Aedes aegypti larvae at a lethal concentration (LC50 = 58.35 µg/mL) and 100% mortality at 150 µg/mL. This study suggests, for the first time, the potential use of CR-EO against this important mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the genus Aedes.

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Comparative Analysis of In-Vitro Biological Activities of Methyl Eugenol Rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., Leaf Essential Oil with Pure Methyl Eugenol Compound

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201021666200217113921 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 927-938 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Roktim Gogoi ◽

Rikraj Loying ◽

Neelav Sarma ◽

Twahira Begum ◽

Sudin K. Pandey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Methyl Eugenol ◽

Dpph Assay ◽

Pure Compound ◽

Allium Cepa Assay ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Lemongrass Essential Oil

Background: The essential oil of methyl eugenol rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack. was evaluated and its bioactivities were compared with pure methyl eugenol. So far, methyl eugenol rich essential oil of lemongrass was not studied for any biological activities; hence, the present study was conducted. Objective: This study examined the chemical composition of essential oil of methyl eugenol rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., and evaluated its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and herbicidal properties and genotoxicity, which were compared with pure compound, methyl eugenol. Material and Methods: Methyl eugenol rich variety of Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., with registration no. INGR18037 (c.v. Jor Lab L-9) was collected from experimental farm CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, Assam (26.7378°N, 94.1570°E). The essential oil wasobtained by hydro-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oil was evaluated using GC/MS analysis and its antioxidant (DPPH assay, reducing power assay), anti-inflammatory (Egg albumin denaturation assay), and antimicrobial (Disc diffusion assay, MIC) properties, seed germination effect and genotoxicity (Allium cepa assay) were studied and compared with pure Methyl Eugenol compound (ME). Results: Major components detected in the Essential Oil (EO) through Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis were methyl eugenol (73.17%) and β-myrcene (8.58%). A total of 35components were detected with a total identified area percentage of 98.34%. DPPH assay revealed considerable antioxidant activity of methyl eugenol rich lemongrass essential oil (IC50= 2.263 μg/mL), which is lower than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 2.58 μg/mL), and higher than standard Methyl Eugenol (ME) (IC50 2.253 μg/mL). Methyl eugenol rich lemongrass EO showed IC50 38.00 μg/mL, ME 36.44 μg/mL, and sodium diclofenac 22.76 μg/mL, in in-vitro anti-inflammatory test. Moderate antimicrobial activity towards the 8 tested microbes was shown by methyl eugenol rich lemongrass essential oil whose effectiveness against the microbes was less as compared to pure ME standard. Seed germination assay further revealed the herbicidal properties of methyl eugenol rich essential oil. Moreover, Allium cepa assay revealed moderate genotoxicity of the essential oil. Conclusion: This paper compared the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, genotoxicity and herbicidal activities of methyl eugenol rich lemongrass with pure methyl eugenol. This methyl eugenol rich lemongrass variety can be used as an alternative of methyl eugenol pure compound. Hence, the essential oil of this variety has the potential of developing cost-effective, easily available antioxidative/ antimicrobial drugs but its use should be under the safety range of methyl eugenol and needs further clinical trials.

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Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Antioxidant Potential of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis Essential Oil

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10071081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1081

Author(s):

Matilda Rădulescu ◽

Călin Jianu ◽

Alexandra Teodora Lukinich-Gruia ◽

Marius Mioc ◽

Alexandra Mioc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

In Silico ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Melissa Officinalis ◽

Β Carotene

The investigation aimed to study the in vitro and in silico antioxidant properties of Melissa officinalis subsp. officinalis essential oil (MOEO). The chemical composition of MOEO was determined using GC–MS analysis. Among 36 compounds identified in MOEO, the main were beta-cubebene (27.66%), beta-caryophyllene (27.41%), alpha-cadinene (4.72%), caryophyllene oxide (4.09%), and alpha-cadinol (4.07%), respectively. In vitro antioxidant properties of MOEO have been studied in 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging, and inhibition of β-carotene bleaching assays. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the radical scavenging abilities of ABTS and DPPH were 1.225 ± 0.011 μg/mL and 14.015 ± 0.027 μg/mL, respectively, demonstrating good antioxidant activity. Moreover, MOEO exhibited a strong inhibitory effect (94.031 ± 0.082%) in the β-carotene bleaching assay by neutralizing hydroperoxides, responsible for the oxidation of highly unsaturated β-carotene. Furthermore, molecular docking showed that the MOEO components could exert an in vitro antioxidant activity through xanthine oxidoreductase inhibition. The most active structures are minor MOEO components (approximately 6%), among which the highest affinity for the target protein belongs to carvacrol.

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