scholarly journals Efficient Preparation of Hangekobokuto (Banxia-Houpo-Tang) Decoction by Adding Perilla Herb before Decoction is Finished

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumi Sumino ◽  
Yuko Saito ◽  
Fumio Ikegami ◽  
Yoshiro Hirasaki ◽  
Takao Namiki
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Traditional Japanese Medicine ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Magnolia Bark ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Termination Time

Hangekobokuto (banxia-houpo-tang) is a Kampo (traditional Japanese) medicine used mostly for anxiety disorder and consists of Pinellia Tuber, Poria Sclerotium, Magnolia Bark, Perilla Herb and Ginger. Perilla Herb contains an essential oil rich in perillaldehyde, which has a pleasant flavor, but this is easily lost due to heating. We therefore investigated how the major constituents of hangekobokuto, namely perillaldehyde, rosmarinic acid, magnolol and [6]-gingerol, varied with time during decoction and approached an optimal condition for decoction. Rosmarinic acid at 15 min after boiling, and magnolol and [6]-gingerol at 30 min were mostly extracted, while 0.09 mg of perillaldehyde remained at 15 min, but was not detected at 30 min. From these results, a decoction was prepared by adding Perilla Herb 1, 2, 5 and 10 min prior to the termination time of decoction at 30 min. When Perilla Herb was added 1 min beforehand, perillaldehyde was abundant (1.58 mg) and the amount of rosmarinic acid was already the same as that in the conventional decoction at 30 min, but the amount of total extract was inadequate. When Perilla Herb was added 5 min beforehand, perillaldehyde remained to some extent (0.61 mg) and rosmarinic acid was significantly increased compared with that in the conventional decoction at 30 min. From these results, we can conclude that the decoction should be prepared by boiling for not more than 30 min and, if possible, Perilla Herb should be added 5 min prior to the termination time. Considering the antidepressant-like activity of perillaldehyde and rosmarinic acid, the suggested method will not only achieve better treatment for anxiety, but also provide an effective use of crude drugs in the resource-limited environment.

scholarly journals Determination of Essential Oil Bioactive Components and Rosmarinic Acid of Salvia officinalis Cultivated under Different Intra-row Spacing

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad ABU DARWISH ◽  
Ezz Al-Dein AL-RAMAMNEH ◽  
Ivan SALAMON ◽  
Ziad ABU-DIEYEH ◽  
Mohamed AL NAWAISEH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Tea Production ◽  
First Time

Salvia officinalis, known also as sage, is a medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family that spreads all over the word in several countries. The demand for the raw material and extracts of this plant is increasing due to its numerous applications in pharmacy, food and herbal tea production. The present study investigated for the first time the effect of 15, 30 and 45 cm intra-row spacing (plant density) on the main constituents of sage essential oils and rosmarinic acid content. The highest content of essential oils (2.7%) and rosmarinic acid (2.0%) were obtained in plants grown using 15 cm planting space. Likewise, close spacing resulted also in a substantial content of 1,8-cineole (47-50%, GC/FID; 55-60%, GC/MS). This work indicated that 1,8-cineole chemotype was a dominant character of cultivated S. officinalis in south of Jordan. In general, the percent of α-thujone in essential oil was not affected by intra-row spacing. However, the percent of β-thujone decreased from (2-3%, GC/MS) in plants grown using 15 cm intra-row spacing to (1-2%, GC/MS) in plants grown using 30 and 45 cm intra-row spacing. The highest content of α-and β-pinene was recorded in plants grown using 45 cm planting space (8-10%, GC/FID; 5-6% GC/MS). Based on GC/MS, camphor compound was enriched (9-10%) in sage plants grown under 15 cm spacing and greater than in plants grown under 30 (6-7%) or 45 cm (5-6%) spacing. The results make the potential use of sage extracts in the treatment of some human disorders or illness an area of further research.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Sub-Critical Fluid Extraction of the Essential Oil of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) with That of Hydrodistillation

Eng ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-619
Author(s):  
David Mc Gaw ◽  
Rosemarie Skeene
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
The Tropics

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a spice plant grown in the tropics that contains both an essential oil and an oleoresin. The essential oil is important as a flavouring and has pharmaceutical properties, while the oleoresin is bright yellow in colour and has medicinal properties. The essential oil has traditionally been extracted by hydrodistillation/steam distillation with the total extract being extracted by solvent extraction and more recently by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The objective of the work described in this paper was to investigate the possibility of extracting the essential oil using sub-critical fluid extraction and to compare it with hydrodistillation. The experiments using hydrodistillation showed that unpeeled fresh turmeric was the preferred raw material, giving an oil yield of ≈6% dry weight basis, which is similar to that reported in the literature. The experimental programme on the extraction of the oil from dried unpeeled turmeric was carried out over a temperature range from 25 to 30 °C and pressures from 65 to 71 bar. Yields were generally higher than hydrodistillation (up to ≈9% dry weight basis) as were the compositions of the extracted oils. The preferred operating conditions were determined to be 25 °C temperature and 65 bar pressure. Curcumin, the major component of the oleoresin, was not found in the oil, thereby demonstrating that the sub-critical extract is a pure essential oil. It is suggested that consideration be given to evaluating an SFE process whereby the essential oil is initially fully extracted under sub-critical fluid extraction conditions, after which the oleoresin is extracted separately by raising the pressure to ≈250 bar.

scholarly journals The Comparative Effect of Hydro Alcoholic and Hydro Distillation Extracts of Melissa officinalis on Acne and Pimple

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giti Sabet Teymouri ◽  
Mozhgan Sabet Teimouri
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
The People

One of the famous plants in family Lamiaceae isMelissa officinaliswhich is one of the important herbs for health and Medicine. Melisa contains Rosmarinic acid, flavonoids and phenolic. These components have tightening and rejuvenation effect on skin. Also, it has monoterpenes and di-terpenes which are antibacterial. Essential oil of Melisa forms a good complex with sebum, so it can decrease inflammation and acne pain 30 gr of dry leaves and stems of Melisa in 500 ml of distilled water were used for hydro-distillation. For hydro alcoholic extract, we used 150 gr of dry matter (leaves and stems) in 500 ml of ethyl alcohol at 25 °C for 10 days. Then, the alcoholic extract was diluted 5 times with water 20 persons were under experiment for 3 months. Extracts were sprayed on skin 3-5 times a day. The results showed that all the people treated got the best result of this treatment. After the application of the water extract of Melissa, we observed 75% of clients improved the skin pore, 65% of clients improved neurological problems and Acne infections and 92% recovery of hyper secretion of Sebaceous glands. We observed the same results with Hydro Alcoholic extracts. 75% recovery of clients with improved skin pore, 95% of clients with improved neurological problems and Acne infections and 90% recovery of hyper secretion of Sebaceous glands. The results showed that Melisa extract has value of applying on some skin problems.

scholarly journals Exploring Chemical Basis of Toxicity Reduction for Processed Roots of Stellera chamaejasme L. Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography–Triple Quadrupole Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Yang ◽  
Xiaoli Ma ◽  
Ludi Wang ◽  
Mengmeng Wei ◽  
Shuyao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Chemical Basis ◽  
Toxicity Reduction ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Stellera Chamaejasme ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Multiple Ion Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Information

Some herbal medicines are treated with various processing methods to ensure their safe and effective use. However, chemical basis of toxicity reducing for most herbal medicines remains unclear. Stellera chamaejasme L., particularly the root (ruixianglangdu), is toxic. Thus, ruixianglangdu is commonly processed with vinegar or milk to reduce toxicity. Here, with help of multiple-ion monitoring (MIM)-based metabolomics, we comprehensively capture chemical information of ruixianglangdu. Then, 33 differential components between crude drugs and processed products were identified or tentatively characterized by multiple-ion monitoring–information dependent acquiring–enhanced product ion (MIM-IDA-EPI), whose level changed after being processed by vinegar or milk. It was found that flavonoids especially biflavonones could be the important chemical basis of toxicity reduction for processed ruixianglangdu. In addition, some coumarins and lignanoids could also play a role in reducing toxicity. It is believed that MIM-based metabolomics method was valuable for exploring chemical basis of toxicity reduction for processing. The data is critical to further study the mechanism of toxicity reducing for processed ruixianglangdu.

scholarly journals Upside down solutions: palliative care and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2020-002385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Knights ◽  
Felicity Knights ◽  
Iain Lawrie
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Relief Of Suffering ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Effective Use

The current COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented and requires innovation beyond existing approaches to contribute to global health and well-being. This is essential to support the care of people at the end of their lives or who are critically ill from COVID-19 or other life-limiting illnesses. Palliative care (PC) is centred on effective symptom control, promotion of quality of life, complex decision-making, and holistic care of physical, psychological, social and spiritual health. It is ideally placed to both provide and contribute to care for patients, families, communities and colleagues during the pandemic. Where recovery is uncertain, emphasis should be on care and relief of suffering, as well as survival. Where healthcare resources and facilities come under intense pressure, lessons can be learnt from models of care in other settings around the world. This article explores how the field can contribute by ensuring that PC principles and practices are woven into everyday healthcare practice. We explore alternative ways of providing care under such pressure and discuss three areas of learning from resource-limited settings: (1) integration of palliative medicine into everyday practice, (2) simplification of biomedical management plus multidisciplinary teamwork and (3) effective use of volunteers.

scholarly journals Phenolic compounds variation in Mentha L. Species in the course of a four-years period / Kolísanie fenolových látok v rôznych druhoch Mentha L. Počas 4 ročného obdobia

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (s9) ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
S. Fialová ◽  
D. Tekeľová ◽  
K. Rendeková ◽  
J. Klinčok ◽  
M. Kolárik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
European Pharmacopoeia ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Derivatives

AbstractMints rank among the most important Lamiaceae plants. In addition to essential oil, they contain many valuable phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids that participate in mints’ pharmacological properties. In this work, we examined the contents of phenolic compounds variation in the course of 4 years of vegetation. We compared the contents of total hydroxycinnamic derivatives expressed as rosmarinic acid (λ = 505 nm), total polyphenols and tannins expressed as rosmarinic acid (λ = 760 nm), and flavonoids expressed as luteolin-7-O-glucoside (λ = 392 nm) and quercetin (λ = 420 nm) in 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year-old plants’ dry leaves, respectively. Spectrophotometric methods of the European Pharmacopoeia were employed. Our results show high levels of active phenolic compounds, particularly in 3- and 4-year-old plants.

scholarly journals Morphological and Chemical Traits as Quality Determinants of Common Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), on the Example of ‘Standard Winter’ Cultivar

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Kosakowska ◽  
Katarzyna Bączek ◽  
Jarosław L. Przybył ◽  
Anna Pawełczak ◽  
Katarzyna Rolewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Chemical Characters

Common thyme is regarded as one of the most important culinary plants. The purpose of the work was to determine the intraspecific variability of common thyme with respect to morphological and chemical characters including the content and composition of essential oil and phenolic compounds in the herb. The objects of the study were 12 clones, vegetatively multiplied from randomly selected individual plants of cultivar ‘Standard Winter’. The morphological observations and harvest of raw materials were carried out in the first year plants’ vegetation. The highest differences between clones were on fresh and dry weight of herb (CV = 0.38 and 0.36, respectively), width of leaves (CV = 0.21), and density of glandular trichomes on the abaxial surface of leaves (CV = 0.29). Examined clones were also differentiated as to the chemical features. Essential oil content (performed by hydrodestillation) and composition (by GC-MS and GC-FID) were determined and they ranged from 2.10 to 4.38 g × 100 g−1 DW. Here, thymol, γ-terpinen, and p-cymen were the dominant compounds. Clone no. 4 was distinctive as to the highest content of essential oil followed by the highest share of thymol (54.59%). The total content of phenolic acids and flavonoids (determined according to PPh 6th) also differed among clones (CV = 0.38 and 0.36, respectively). Using a validated HPLC-DAD method, the following compounds were identified: caffeic, rosmarinic, p-coumaric acids, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, naryngenin, and (−)-epicatechin. Here, rosmarinic acid followed by luteolin 7-O-glucoside were present in the highest amounts (611.47–2675.59 and 46.77–325.11 mg × 100 g−1 DW, respectively). The highest differences between clones were the contents of p-coumaric acid (CV = 0.59), luteolin 7-O-glucoside (CV = 0.50) and rosmarinic acid (CV = 0.40). Such a high range of variability can provide problems with raw material standardization. Nevertheless, it opens possibilities for breeders, whereas individual plants/clones may become valuable components for breeding.

Intrasspecific variability in raw material biochemical composition of Hyssopus officinalis L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.N. Tkachova ◽  
◽  
L.V. Kalinichenko ◽  
E.L. Malankina
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Different Origin ◽  
Hyssopus Officinalis

It was studied the content of essential oil, flavonoids, rosmarinic acid in raw materials of 14 varieties of medicinal hyssop from different origin. The content of essential oil ranged within 0.11-0.55% in fresh raw materials, rosmarinic acid in the range of 0.49-0.80%, and flavonoids - 0.68-1.65%.

Silicon and nitric oxide synergistically modulate the production of essential oil and rosmarinic acid in Salvia officinalis under Cu stress

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pariya Pirooz ◽  
Rayhaneh Amooaghaie ◽  
Alimohammad Ahadi ◽  
Fariba Sharififar ◽  
Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Cu Stress
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