scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Acids and Antiplatelet Activity of Melissa officinalis Leaf Extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željan Maleš ◽  
Andrea Antolić ◽  
Ivana Babić ◽  
Sandra Jurić ◽  
Mirza Bojić
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Final Concentration ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antiplatelet Activity ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Lemon Balm

The contents of total phenolic acids and rosmarinic acid were determined and the antiplatelet potential assessed of extracts of lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis L., Lamiaceae) leaf samples collected during 2014 and 2015. The quantity of total phenolic acids ranged from 4.8 to 8.5%, while the rosmarinic acid content ranged from 1.78 to 4.35%. Results of statistical analysis showed that the undiluted extracts have antiplatelet activity in the ADP test (final concentration 31.25 mg/L). While there are reports on antiplatelet activity of lemon balm essential oil, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on antiplatelet activity of lemon balm leaf extracts.

scholarly journals Chitosan enhances rosmarinic acid production in shoot cultures of Melissa officinalis L. through the induction of methyl jasmonate

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazaleh Fooladi vanda ◽  
Leila Shabani ◽  
Roya Razavizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Regulated Expression ◽  
Abiotic Elicitor

Abstract Background Chitosan is a polycationic polysaccharide derived from chitin that has been recognized as an effective elicitor in the production of secondary metabolites of many medicinal plants. In this study, the effect of abiotic elicitor (chitosan) at various concentrations on rosmarinic acid (RA) and total phenolic accumulation in shoot cultures of lemon balm was investigated. Results Treatment of shoots by chitosan led to a noticeable induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. Besides, the expression of PAL1, TAT and RAS genes and accumulation of RA and phenolic compound increased in chitosan-treated lemon balm shoots. Chitosan treatment also increased H2O2 accumulation and the expression of RBOH, an essential gene implicated in ROS production. Also, the up-regulation of the OPR gene by exogenous chitosan was associated with the induction of endogenous JA determined by GC-MASS. Conclusion The present study showed that the induced production of rosmarinic acid by chitosan involves the trigger of defense-related enzymes, up-regulated expression of TAT and RAS genes, and stimulation of JA biosynthesis.

Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in Methanolic Extracts, Infusions and Tinctures from Commercial Samples of Lemon Balm

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Arceusz ◽  
Marek Wesolowski ◽  
Beata Ulewicz-Magulska
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Principal Component Analyses

The aim of this study was to quantify the levels of flavonoids (rutin, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol) and phenolic acids (gallic, p-coumaric, rosmarinic, syringic, caffeic, chlorogenic, ellagic, ferulic) in lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis L.) commonly used as a culinary, aromatic and medicinal herb. A rapid and reliable HPLC procedure was developed to determine the phenolic compounds in methanolic extracts, infusions and tinctures prepared from lemon balm. Except for myricetin and quercetin, as well as ellagic, gallic and rosmarinic acids, higher levels of the analytes under study were determined in the methanolic extracts (up to 22 mg/g of dry weight, DW), than in infusions (up to 5 mg/g DW). Tinctures were the poorest in flavonoids and phenolic acids (below 550 μg/g DW), except for ellagic and rosmarinic acids, which were quantified in tinctures at higher levels (mg/g DW). To sum up, the flavonoids were extracted more effectively in the infusions and tinctures than the phenolic acids. Statistically significant correlations were found between phenolic acids, possibly owing to similar biochemical pathways of the compounds. The hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses have also shown that the samples of lemon balm could be differentiated based on the levels of flavonoids and phenolic acids.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effects of Rhynchosia capitata on germination and seedling growth of mungbean

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.H. Ali ◽  
A. Tanveer ◽  
M.A. Nadeem ◽  
M.M. Javaid ◽  
M.S. Kashif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Vigour Index

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the allelopathic influence of Rhynchosia capitata on germination and seedling growth of mungbean (Vigna radiate) along with identification of the phytotoxic substances responsible for this activity. Water extracts of root, shoot, leaf, fruit and whole plant were prepared by soaking them in water in a ratio of 1:20 (w/v) for 24 h. All the extracts affected germination and seedling growth of mungbean, but higher inhibition was seen with R. capitata leaf water extracts. A linear decrease in the germination characteristics of mungbean was observed with the decrease in the concentration of leaf extract from 5% to 1%. The soil-incorporated residues (1-4% w/w) of R. capitata stimulated the growth of root and hypocotyl at low concentrations, while it inhibited their growth at higher concentrations. Rhynchosia capitata soil-incorporated residues (4% w/w) significantly reduced the seedling vigour index of mungbean in addition to their significant effect on total germination. A significant amount of water-soluble phenolic acids were found in R. capitata plant extracts. The content of total phenolic acids was higher in the leaf extract compared to that of the stem, fruit or root extracts. Two phenolic acids including vanillic acid and 4‑(hydroxymethyl) benzoic acid were found in R. capitata leaf extracts.

scholarly journals Rosmarinic Acid andMelissa officinalisExtracts Differently Affect Glioblastoma Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Ramanauskiene ◽  
Raimondas Raudonis ◽  
Daiva Majiene
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Glioblastoma Cells ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Prooxidant Effect ◽  
Lemon Balm

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalisL.) has many biological effects but especially important is its neuroprotective activity. The aim of the study is to produce different extracts ofMelissa officinalisand analyse their chemical composition and biological properties on rat glioblastoma C6 cells. Results revealed that rosmarinic acid (RA) is the predominant compound of lemon balm extracts. RA has cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma cells (LC50290.5 μM after the incubation of 24 h and LC50171.3 μM after 48 h). RA at concentration 80–130 μM suppresses the cell proliferation and has an antioxidant effect. 200 μM and higher concentrations of RA have a prooxidant effect and initiate cell death through necrosis. The aqueous extract of lemon balm is also enriched in phenolic compounds: protocatechuic, caftaric, caffeic, ferulic, and cichoric acids and flavonoid luteolin-7-glucoside. This extract at concentrations 50 μM–200 μM RA has cytotoxic activity and initiates cell death through apoptosis. Extracts prepared with 70% ethanol contain the biggest amount of active compounds. These extracts have the highest cytotoxic activity on glioblastoma cells. They initiate generation of intracellular ROS and cell death through apoptosis and necrosis. Our data suggest that differently prepared lemon balm extracts differently affect glioblastoma cells and can be used as neuroprotective agents in several therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Solid-Phase Extraction for Photometric Determination of Rosmarinic Acid in Lemon Balm (Melissa Officinalis) Extracts

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ondrejovič ◽  
Tibor Maliar ◽  
Hana Benkovičová ◽  
Jana Kubincová
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Photometric Determination ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm

Solid-Phase Extraction for Photometric Determination of Rosmarinic Acid in Lemon Balm (Melissa Officinalis) Extracts The aim of this study was evaluation of the solid-phase extraction for elimination of interference compounds from lemon balm extracts aimed for photometric determination of rosmarinic acid. In experiments, evaluated conditions were as follows: composition and volume of mobile phase, ratio between volume of sample and mass of stationary phase and flow rate of mobile phase during separation. The results indicated that interfered compounds were eliminated. The lemon balm extracts should be pretreated by adsorption on normal stationary phase (silica gel) in ratio sample volume to silica gel weight 1:1 (v/w) elution by mobile phase - diethyl ether: acetic acid (9:1; v/v) - volume - 40 times of crude extract volume - with flow rate 5 ml/min. After selection of SPE conditions, the method was validated with comparison to HPLC analysis. The results suggest that this method may be useable for determination of rosmarinic acid by photometric measurement based on the complexation of Fe2+ ions with rosmarinic acid.

scholarly journals Release of rosmarinic acid from semisolid formulations and its penetration through human skin ex vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Stelmakienė ◽  
Kristina Ramanauskienė ◽  
Vitalis Briedis
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Release Study ◽  
Vitro Release

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the release of rosmarinic acid (RA) from the experimental topical formulations with the Melissa officinalis L. extract and to evaluate its penetration through undamaged human skin ex vivo. The results of the in vitro release study showed that higher amounts of RA were released from the emulsion vehicle when lemon balm extract was added in its dry form. An inverse correlation was detected between the released amount of RA and the consistency index of the formulation. Different penetration of RA into the skin may be influenced by the characteristics of the vehicle as well as by the form of the extract. The results of penetration assessment showed that the intensity of RA penetration was influenced by its lipophilic properties: RA was accumulating in the epidermis, while the dermis served as a barrier, impeding its deeper penetration.

Quantitative analysis of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in four Daphne L. species

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1092-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Grubešić ◽  
Dario Kremer ◽  
Marijana Končić ◽  
Jadranka Rodríguez ◽  
Marko Randić
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
The Family

AbstractThe content of biologically active phenolic compounds (total polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids) were determined using spectrophotometry in four wild Croatian species of Daphne L. in the family Thymelaeaceae (Daphne alpina, D. cneorum, D. laureola, and D. mezereum). The concentration of total flavonoids (TF) was highest in the leaves of these Daphne species (0.12–0.51% dry herb weight, DW) whereas the content of other phenolic compounds analyzed were highest in the roots, including total polyphenols (TP; 2.71–19.03% DW), tannins (T; 1.14–7.39% DW), and total phenolic acids (TPA; 0.12–0.87% DW). D. alpina contained the highest amount of polyphenols, with the exception of flavonoids, where maximum concentrations were found in D. laureola. We also examined the antioxidant activity of leaf, stem, and root extracts. All extracts analyzed demonstrated high free radical scavenging activity with the highest concentration in the leaf extracts of D. alpina. Leaf extracts of D. cneorum showed the highest antioxidant activity in a β-carotene bleaching assay.

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