Social Hedonic Editing: People Prefer to Experience Events at the Same Time as Others

2020 ◽  
pp. 194855062097642
Author(s):  
Franklin Shaddy ◽  
Yanping Tu ◽  
Ayelet Fishbach
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
The Self ◽  
Event Studies ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Hedonic Editing

Previous research testing the hedonic editing hypothesis examined preferences for the timing of events that happen to the self—asking, for example, whether people prefer to experience two positive or two negative events on the same or different day(s). Here, we examine preferences for the timing of events that happen to the self and to others— social hedonic editing. Across five studies ( N = 2,522), we find people prefer to experience a positive or negative event on the same day that (vs. a different day than) another person experiences a similar positive or negative event. Studies 1 and 2 document this “preference for integration” in interpersonal (i.e., for the self and others) but not intrapersonal (i.e., for the self) contexts, Studies 3 and 4 suggest people prefer integration because it increases interpersonal connection, and Study 5 highlights a boundary condition. People do not prefer integration for very emotionally impactful events.

Motivated Use of Numerical Anchors for Judgments Relevant to the Self

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 972-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Joel ◽  
Stephanie S. Spielmann ◽  
Geoff MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Motivated Reasoning ◽  
The Self ◽  
Probability Judgments ◽  
Anchoring Effect

The anchoring effect has been replicated so extensively that it is generally thought to be ubiquitous. However, anchoring has primarily been tested in domains in which people are motivated to reach accurate conclusions rather than biased conclusions. Is the anchoring effect robust even when the anchors are threatening? In three studies, participants made a series of probability judgments about their own futures paired with either optimistic anchors (e.g., “Do you think that the chances that your current relationship will last a lifetime are more or less than 95%?”), pessimistic anchors (e.g., “more or less than 10%?”), or no anchors. A fourth study experimentally manipulated motivation to ignore the anchor with financial incentives. Across studies, anchors that implied high probabilities of unwanted events occurring were ineffective. Together, these studies suggest that anchoring has an important boundary condition: Personally threatening anchors are ignored as a result of motivated reasoning processes.

Unsteady Simulation and Analysis on Centrifugal Impeller With Self-Adaptive Casing Treatment

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Wang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Chuangang Gu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Back Pressure ◽  
The Self ◽  
Centrifugal Impeller ◽  
Bypass Flow ◽  
Unstable Flow ◽  
Recirculation Flow ◽  
Casing Treatment ◽  
Pressure Boundary Condition ◽  
Self Adaptive

A self-adaptive casing treatment for unshrouded centrifugal compressor was proposed in our previous studies. It is a kind of passive control techniques. The experimental results proved that the stable working range of the compressor was extended greatly with the technique. As for the stability mechanism, there is no convinced explanation. Many researchers believe that the unsteady flow could be one of the key points. In the paper, steady and unsteady numerical simulations were carried out to get the performances of the centrifugal impeller by ANSYS CFX software. The numerical method was validated by comparing with the experimental results. It was found that there were two types of flow pattern in the bleeding-recirculation passages by the numerical simulation with the self-adaptive casing treatment. One was the recirculation flow at the smaller flowrate working conditions and the other was bypass flow at the larger flowrate working conditions. The pressure at the bleeding ports was more than that at the recirculation port at the smaller flowrate. It would result in the recirculation flow in the bleeding-recirculation passages. Otherwise, it would result in the bypass flow in the bleeding-recirculation passages. The numerical results of each bleeding-recirculation passage provided the variation of mass flowrate in it with the pressure difference. The relation of the pressure drop coefficient and Reynolds number based on the bleeding hole was fitted. It was different for the recirculation flow and bypass flow. It is helpful to decide the position of the bleeding ports during the centrifugal compressor design process. Moreover, an unsteady numerical simulation method with the increasing back pressure boundary condition was proposed to investigate the unsteady process approaching to the numerical stall point or unstable flow. The dynamic pressure data in impeller and diffuser were recorded. The amplitudes of the data were picked up to compare the time dependent process. The dynamic pressure at the inlet of diffuser fluctuated more strongly than those at the other positions while the back pressure was increased to the numerical stall point. The experimental data provided the similar phenomena. It suggested that the unstable flow tendency could be caught up by the unsteady simulation process with the increasing back pressure boundary condition. Furthermore, the time dependent flow fields at the blade tip region were compared on the conditions with and without the self-adaptive casing treatment. The effect of the self-adaptive casing treatment was proved by unsteady numerical method with the increasing back pressure boundary condition. The stability mechanism of the self-adaptive casing treatment was explained to some extent.

NOTE ON SELF-DUALITY CONDITION IN THE CHIRAL BOSON THEORY

1993 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 417-419
Author(s):  
MU-IN PARK ◽  
YOUNG-JAI PARK ◽  
YONGDUK KIM
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
The Self ◽  
Theoretical Equation ◽  
Self Duality ◽  
Duality Condition ◽  
Boson Theory

We demonstrate that the self-duality condition for the field itself can naturally be obtained without requiring any boundary condition in Floreanini and Jackiw’s chiral boson theory if we treat carefully the quantum theoretical equation of motion for the theory.

scholarly journals WEYL ASYMPTOTICS FOR MAGNETIC SCHRÖDINGER OPERATORS AND DE GENNES' BOUNDARY CONDITION

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (08) ◽  
pp. 901-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYMAN KACHMAR
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Asymptotic Behavior ◽  
Asymptotic Expansion ◽  
Robin Boundary Condition ◽  
The Self ◽  
First Eigenvalue ◽  
The First Eigenvalue ◽  
Weyl Asymptotics ◽  
Robin Boundary

This paper is concerned with the discrete spectrum of the self-adjoint realization of the semi-classical Schrödinger operator with constant magnetic field and associated with the de Gennes (Fourier/Robin) boundary condition. We derive an asymptotic expansion of the number of eigenvalues below the essential spectrum (Weyl-type asymptotics). The methods of proof rely on results concerning the asymptotic behavior of the first eigenvalue obtained in a previous work [10].

On Rellich's Theorem Concerning Infinitely Narrow Tubes

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-440
Author(s):  
Colin Clark
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Eigenvalue Problem ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
The Self ◽  
Rellich’S Theorem

Let G be a region in Eućlidean n-space En and consider the eigenvalue problem Δ2u = λu on G, with boundary conditions u = 0 on Γ, the boundary of G. (To be precise, we are considering the eigenvalue problem for the self-adjoint 2 realization L associated with the Laplacian -Δ2and zero boundary condition, acting in L2(G), cf Browder [2]). If G is bounded, the spectrum of this problem is discrete, but Rellich showed in 1952 [6] that the spectrum could also be discrete for certain unbounded regions which he introduced and called "infinitely narrow tubes".

SOCIAL ANXIETY IN ADOLESCENTS AND APPRAISAL OF NEGATIVE EVENTS: SPECIFICITY OR GENERALITY OF BIAS?

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idunn Magnúsdótir ◽  
Jakob Smári
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
The Self ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Children's Depression Inventory ◽  
Children’S Depression Inventory ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Children’S Depression ◽  
The Social

The role of appraisal of negative events in social anxiety of adolescents was studied. One-hundred and sixty-eight Icelandic pupils between the ages of 13 and 15 years completed the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C), Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), and measures of situational appraisal. Social anxiety was found to be specifically related to the appraisal as threatening of negative social events happening to the self. These relationships remained when depression was partialized out, whereas the reverse was not true. On the whole, the results support the notion of judgmental specificity in relation to social anxiety in adolescents.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional MHD Modeling of Interplanetary Solar Wind Using Self-Consistent Boundary Condition Obtained from Multiple Observations and Machine Learning

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Yi Yang ◽  
Fang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Self ◽  
Multiple Observations ◽  
Self Consistent ◽  
Mhd Modeling ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Three-dimensional (3-d) magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) modeling is a key method for studying the interplanetary solar wind. In this paper, we introduce a new 3-d MHD solar wind model driven by the self-consistent boundary condition obtained from multiple observations and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) machine learning technique. At the inner boundary, the magnetic field is derived using the magnetogram and potential field source surface extrapolation; the electron density is derived from the polarized brightness (pB) observations, the velocity can be deduced by an ANN using both the magnetogram and pB observations, and the temperature is derived from the magnetic field and electron density by a self-consistent method. Then, the 3-d interplanetary solar wind from CR2057 to CR2062 is modeled by the new model with the self-consistent boundary conditions. The modeling results present various observational characteristics at different latitudes, and are in better agreement with both the OMNI and Ulysses observations compared to our previous MHD model based only on photospheric magnetic field observations.

Optimal lower bounds for the spectrum of a second order linear differential equation with ap-integrable coefficient

1982 ◽  
Vol 92 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. M. Veling
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Linear Differential Equation ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Lower Bounds ◽  
The Self ◽  
Order Linear Differential Equation ◽  
Linear Differential ◽  
Adjoint Operators

SynopsisIn this note the differential expressionM[y] ≡ − y” + qy, q∈Lp(ℝ+) for some p ≧ l, is considered on [0,∞) together with the boundary condition either y(0) = 0 or y'(0) = 0. Lower bounds are given for the spectrum of the self-adjoint operatorsTgenerated by M[·] and these boundary conditions. The bounds depend on theLp-norm of the coefficientqand they improve results of Everitt and Eastham. The bounds are optimal.

scholarly journals Narrative Identity: the construction of the life story, autobiographical reasoning and psychological functioning in young adulthood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Megan Vanessa Banks
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Life Story ◽  
The Self ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Cognitive Response ◽  
Autobiographical Reasoning ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

<p>According to McAdams' (1988; 1993) Life Story Model of Identity, narrative identity is constructed through the development of the life story in adolescence and young adulthood. This theoretical claim has sparked an emerging body of research examining links between the development of the life story and psychological functioning during this developmental period (McLean & Breen, 2009; McLean, Breen, & Fournier, 2010; Tavernier & Willoughby, 2012). The aim of this thesis was to contribute to this emerging body of work by examining the relationship between autobiographical reasoning, the core process through which the life story develops, and psychological functioning in young adulthood. Across four studies, young adults constructed life story narratives of high points, low points and turning points from their life story. These narratives were coded for the presence, and valence, of autobiographical reasoning. Autobiographical reasoning was measured primarily in terms of self-event connections, statements linking an aspect of the narrated event to the young adults' sense of self (McLean & Fournier, 2008). Autobiographical reasoning valence was measured in terms of self-event connections that described the self in positive, negative, neutral and mixed (positive and negative) ways. The first study (Study 1a) showed that the valence of autobiographical reasoning found in young adults' life story narratives predicted psychological functioning. Young adults who made negative self-event connections in life story narratives experienced poorer psychological functioning (measured in terms of psychological distress and psychological well-being) than young adults who made little or no negative self-event connections. Conversely, young adults who made more positive self-event connections experienced comparatively better psychological functioning than those who made fewer positive self-event connections. The relationship between positive self-event connections and positive psychological functioning was most salient in the context of narratives about negative events from the life story. Study 1a also showed that for young adults who tended to make higher numbers of positive self-event connections, endorsing negative events as central to the life story was not associated with poor psychological functioning, whereas it was for young adults who made fewer positive connections. The second study (Study 1b) presented a methodology for examining the relationship between autobiographical reasoning valence and psychological functioning over time. Although the small sample size in Study 1b prevented firm conclusions being made, findings showed that young adults' tendency to make negative, but not positive, self-event connections remained stable over time. The preliminary findings from Study 1b also showed that positive and negative self-event connections in life story narratives were not associated with changes in psychological functioning over time. The third study (Study 2) found that young adults' tendency to reason about the self in positive and negative ways was associated with a number of cognitive response styles (explanatory style, rumination and use of cognitive reappraisal strategies). The results of Study 2 also highlight important ways that cognitive response factors, and young adults' assessments of meaning in their lives, may interact with autobiographical reasoning valence to predict psychological functioning. The fourth study (Study 3) aimed to investigate relationships between the phenomenology of life story memories and the amount, and valence, of autobiographical reasoning in narratives of these events. Findings showed few associations between autobiographical reasoning and autobiographical memory phenomenology. Possible reasons for the absence of these relationships are discussed. Wider implications and theoretical explanations for the findings reported in this thesis are discussed in terms of models of coping and Relational Frame Theory (RFT; Hayes, Barnes-Holmes, & Roche, 2001).</p>

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