scholarly journals Phantom-based quality assurance measurements in B-mode ultrasound

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 204798161351196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Mannila ◽  
Outi Sipilä
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Beam Profile ◽  
Lateral Resolution ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background Recommended phantom-based quality assurance measurements in B-mode ultrasound (US) may be tedious. For the purpose of cost-effective US quality assurance it is important to evaluate measurements that effectively reflect the quality of US scanner. Purpose To find out which recommended phantom-based quality assurance measurements are effective in detecting dead or weak transducer elements or channels in US scanners when visual image analysis and manual measurements are used. Material and Methods Altogether 66 transducers from 33 US scanners were measured using a general purpose phantom and a transducer tester. The measurements were divided into two groups. Group I consisted of phantom-based uniformity measurement, imaging the air with a clean transducer (air image) and measuring the transducer with the transducer tester, and group II of phantom-based measurements of depth of penetration, beam profile, near field, axial and lateral resolution, and vertical and horizontal distance accuracy. The group II measurements were compared to group I measurements. Results With group I measurements, the results with 20% of the transducers were found defective. With 35% of the transducers the results were considered defective in group II measurements. Concurrent flaws in both groups were found with 11% of the transducers. Conclusion Phantom-based measurements of depth of penetration, beam profile, near field, axial and lateral resolution, and vertical and horizontal distance accuracy did not consistently detect dead or weak transducer elements or channels in US scanners.

scholarly journals APPENDICULAR MASS

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
SARDAR ALI ◽  
HAFIZ MUHAMMED RAFIQUE
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
Group I ◽  
Variable Extent ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Appendicular Mass

Introduction: Appendicular mass is a common complication of acute appendicitis. The traditional treatment of this is conservative followed by delayed appendectomy. But now with advancement in all the fields of medicine early surgical exploration of the appendicular mass can be done with satisfactory results. Aims and objectives: A comparison of conservative treatment versus early surgical exploration of appendicular mass. Study Design: Experimental study. Material and Method: Two years study from December 2003 to November 2005 at district headquarters hospital Khanewal. Total 60 patients, both males and females between 12 to 65 years of age with symptoms and signs consistent with appendicular mass were included. They were randomly divided into group I (Early exploration) and group II (Conservative treatment) each containing 30 patients. A comparison of outcome between two groups was done statistically by applying studentChi-square test. Results: There was a peak incidence of acute appendicitis in Second and third decades of life. Male to female ratio was 2:1. More than 90% of patients had history of shifting of abdominal pain. 100% of the patients had inflamed appendix to variable extent on exploration. The complications in the form of adhesive intestinal obstruction; failure of treatment; lost follow up; misdiagnosis and re admissionwere less in group I. There was a significant less duration of hospital stay in group I as compared to Group II. The observations and outcome in this study are almost comparable and correspond with other studies done in this regard. Conclusion: Early surgical exploration of appendicular mass is safe and cost effective.

scholarly journals Socket preservation by beta-tri-calcium phosphate with collagen compared to platelet-rich fibrin: A clinico-radiographic study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 264-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Das ◽  
Rajesh Jhingran ◽  
Vivek Kumar Bains ◽  
Rohit Madan ◽  
Ruchi Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Tissue Replacement ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study was primarily designed to determine the clinico-radiographic efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and beta-tri-calcium phosphate with collagen (β-TCP-Cl) in preserving extraction sockets. Materials and Methods: For Group I (PRF), residual sockets (n = 15) were filled with autologous PRF obtained from patients’ blood; and for Group II (β-TCP-Cl), residual sockets (n = 15) were filled with β-TCP-Cl. For the sockets randomly selected for Group II (β-TCP-Cl), the reshaped Resorbable Tissue Replacement cone was inserted into the socket. Results: Clinically, there was a significantly greater decrease in relative socket depth, but apposition in midcrestal height in Group II (β-TCP-Cl) as compared to Group I (PRF), whereas more decrease in buccolingual width of Group I (PRF) than Group II (β-TCP-Cl) after 6 months. Radiographically, the mean difference in socket height, residual ridge, and width (coronal, middle, and apical third of socket) after 6 months was higher in Group I (PRF) as compared to Group II (β-TCP-Cl). The mean density (in Hounsfield Units) at coronal, middle, and apical third of socket was higher in Group I (PRF) as compared to Group II (β-TCP-Cl). There were statistically significant apposition and resorption for Group I (PRF) whereas nonsignificant resorption and significant apposition for Group II (β-TCP-Cl) in buccal and lingual/palatal cortical plate, respectively, at 6 months on computerized tomography scan. Conclusion: The use of either autologous PRF or β-TCP-Cl was effective in socket preservation. Results obtained from PRF were almost similar to β-TCP-Cl; therefore being autologous, nonimmune, cost-effective, easily procurable regenerative biomaterial, PRF proves to be an insight into the future biofuel for regeneration.

scholarly journals APPENDICULAR MASS

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
SARDAR ALI ◽  
HAFIZ MUHAMMED RAFIQUE
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Appendicular Mass

Introduction: Appendicular mass is a common complication of acute appendicitis. The traditional treatment of this is conservative followed by delayed appendectomy. But now with advancement in all the fields of medicine early surgical exploration of the appendicular mass can be done with satisfactory results. Aims and objectives: A comparison of conservative treatment versus early surgical exploration of appendicular mass. Study Design: Experimental study. Material and Method: Two years study from December 2003 toNovember 2005 at district headquarters hospital Khanewal. Total 60 patients, both males and females between 12 to 65 years of age with symptoms and signs consistent with appendicular mass were included. They were randomly divided into group I (Early exploration) and group II (Conservative treatment) each containing 30 patients. A comparison of outcome between two groups was done statistically by applying student Chi-square test. Results: There was a peak incidence of acute appendicitis in Second and third decades of life. Male to female ratio was 2:1. More than 90% of patients had history of shifting of abdominal pain. 100% of the patients had inflamed appendix to variable extent on exploration. The complications in the form of adhesive intestinal obstruction; failure of treatment; lost follow up; misdiagnosis and re admissionwere less in group I. There was a significant less duration of hospital stay in group I as compared to Group II. The observations and outcome in this study are almost comparable and correspond with other studies done in this regard. Conclusion: Early surgical exploration of appendicular mass is safe and cost effective.

scholarly journals Confocal laser scanning microscopic evaluation of depth of penetration and Sealer/Dentin interface between endodontic sealers - An in-vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Balaji ◽  
Sukanya Kanaga Raj ◽  
Preethi V ◽  
Kandaswamy Deivanayagam
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Endodontic Sealers ◽  
One Way Anova

An endodontic sealer contributes in obtaining an appropriate seal for the root canal system by establishing an association between the root canal walls and coronal restoration thereby promoting healing. This present research intended to compare the penetrating capacity and to determine sealer/dentin interface among various endodontic sealers. Horizontally sectioned tooth samples were obtained at 3 and 5mm and randomly divided into three groups: Group I - Chemically cured (AH Plus) sealer; Group II - Dual cured (EndoREZ) sealer; Group III – BioCeramic Nano sealer (iRoot SP). All three groups were coated with their respective sealers and obturated using cold lateral compaction technique. The samples were observed using Confocal Microscope for penetrating capacity evaluation and reviewing of sealer/dentin junction at 3 and 5mm depth. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's Post-Hoc method. On depth of penetration evaluation, one-way ANOVA analysis showed Group II exhibited maximum depth of penetration in contrast to Group III and Group I. Group I showed the least average depth of penetration among the other two groups at both 3 and 5mm. On sealer/dentin interface evaluation at 3mm, Group II showed increased interface in comparison with to Group III and Group I. No statistical significance evident among the groups at 5mm. EndoREZ showed maximum depth of penetration in comparison with iRoot SP and AH Plus sealer at both 3 and 5mm. EndoREZ also showed significant sealer/dentin interface at the level of 3mm when compared to other sealers used.

scholarly journals Sonographic evaluation of lateral meniscal extrusion: implementation and validation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp W. Winkler ◽  
Robert Csapo ◽  
Guido Wierer ◽  
Caroline Hepperger ◽  
Bernhard Heinzle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Reliability Testing ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Meniscal Extrusion ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Introduction Meniscal extrusion (ME) is an important indicator of and prognostic factor for various knee pathologies. To date, no standardized protocol for the ultrasound-based examination of lateral ME exists. The purpose of the present study was to test the reliability and validity of lateral ME measurements using a standardized ultrasound-based examination protocol. Materials and Methods A group consisting of 11 healthy volunteers (Group I, male and female, 18–45 years) as well as a group of 10 consecutive patients who had undergone all-inside lateral meniscal radial tear repair were included (Group II, male and female, 23–43 years). Lateral ME, the main outcome parameter, was measured by ultrasound (US; both groups) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; Group II only). Both knees of all subjects were examined in an unloaded state and under axial compression of the knee (50% of body weight). Repeated measurements obtained in Group I by 2 observers were used for reliability testing, and the validity of US was assessed through comparison with MRI data (Group II). Results A total of 66 US images of Group I, obtained by each observer, were analyzed for reliability testing. Forty US and MR images of Group II were assessed for validation. Results showed good interrater (ICC = 0.904) and excellent intrarater (ICC = 0.942) reliability of US-based measurements of lateral ME. Agreement with MRI results was poor (ICC = 0.439), with US systematically overestimating results by 1.1 mm on average. Conclusions Ultrasound is a reliable, quick and cost-effective technique for lateral ME measurement, but results are not readily comparable with MRI. Trial registration The study was registered in the European Union Clinical Trials Register (EudraCT-Number: 2017-005037-24).

scholarly journals ELECTIVE CAESAREAN SECTION

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 304-307
Author(s):  
ROBINA KAUSAR ◽  
LUBNA YASMEEN
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Elective Caesarean Section ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Infectious Morbidity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Antibiotic Regime ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: To compare short antibiotic prophylaxis versus prolonged antibiotic regime in terms of morbidity control of infection in patients undergoing elective caesarean section. Study Design and Settings: It was a experimental study done in Gynae/Obs unit I Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi over a period of one year. Patients and Methods: Total of 200 patients selected randomly were admitted in antenatal ward for elective caesarean section. All these booked patients with age less then 40 years, gestational age of > 38 weeks, Hb >10g/dl, with no signs of genitourinary or respiratory tract infection were included in the study. These patients were divided in two groups with 100 patients in each group. In group I, short antibiotic prophylaxis in form of three doses of injectable antibiotic was given. In group II prolonged antibiotic regime wasgiven as 5 days course. Augmentin was chosen as it has proven efficacy and good coverage for microorganisms of urogential tract and skin. Injection Augmentin was given in dose of 1.2g (1g Amoxycillin + 200mg clavulanic acid) I/V x BD. All operation were performed by transverse lower segment caesarean section by registrars and consultants. Anaesthesia used was mostly spinal and more than 80% of the patients were having body mass index of <30. These patients were followed in postnatal ward for post operative infectious morbidity till discharge. Data collected through proformas was entered in computer and analyzed using SPSS. Result: Over all post operative infectious morbidity in group I was 29% and in group II 30% (p = 0.877). Post operative fever in group I was 09% and group II 08% (p = 0.800), while frequency of endometritiswas found to be same in both groups which was 03%. No case of chest infection was recorded in both groups. Only 5% patients in group I and 4% patients in group II were reported to have urinary tract infection (p = 0.733). The most common complication found during study was wound infection, the rate being 12% in group I and 15% in group II (p = 0.535). So the overall results showed no statistically significant differencebetween two groups. Conclusion: Short antibiotic prophylaxis is as effective as prolonged antibiotic regimen. As it is cost effective and most of our patients come from low socio economic class, so this short antibiotic prophylaxis should be recommended routinely for all elective caesarean sections.

scholarly journals Ep.Th.654Home Based Pre-Rehabilitation in Hepatic & Pancreatic Oncological Surgery- A Way Forward for Improved Patient Outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nauman Ahmed ◽  
Rami Obeidallah ◽  
Daren Subar
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
P Value ◽  
Oncological Surgery ◽  
Operative Outcomes ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Group I ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Aims To ascertain the impact of ‘’Cost effective home-based pre-rehabilitation’’ on post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing major hepatic and pancreatic oncological surgery. Methods In this non-randomized comparative study (2019-2021), we included 36 patients having pancreatic or hepatic malignancy. In group I, patients were signed up for home-based pre-rehabilitation program and dietary modification. Group II; included patients who did not have rehabilitation. The two groups were compared for post-operative outcomes (post-operative complications, length of ITU and hospital stay) Results Mean age was 69.05±9.68 years in group I and 67.50±8.75 years in group II (p-value 0.61). Open approach was used in 02 (11.0%) patients in group I and in 09 (50%) patients in group II (p-value 0.01). More patients in group II needed admission in intensive care unit (ICU); 18 (100%) versus 11 (61.1%) in group II (p-value 0.0003). The group I had shorter length of hospital stay as compared to Group II (p-value 0.0001). There was no significant difference in post-operative complications between the groups. Conclusion Home based pre-rehabilitation, has shown beneficial outcomes in terms of less requirement for ITU admission post operatively, shorter length of hospital stay and cost effective method of pre rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Comparative Study to Evaluate Efficacy & Cost Effectiveness of Olmesartanversus Telmisartan, In Patients of Stage I Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. PC01-PC06
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Singh ◽  
Sameer Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Group I ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Effective Analysis

Background: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases in the world. It is an important and independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, heart failure, renal disease, and peripheral arterial disease. It is directly responsible for 57% of all stroke deaths and 42% of coronary heart disease deaths in India. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate and compare efficacy and cost effectiveness in hypertensive patients receiving Olmesartan and Telmisartan in Stage I hypertensionSubjects and Methods:The present study was an open, prospective, randomized, parallel group comparative study conducted in 60 patients of stage I hypertension over a period of 16 weeks. Patients were randomly allocated to two, age and sex, matched groups of 30 patients each. Group I patients were started on Olmesartan at a dose of 20 mg & Group II patients were put on Telmisartan at a dose of 40 mg. The BP lowering efficacy and cost effective analysis of Olmesartan versus Telmisartan was calculated & compared. The data was entered in Microsoft excel and compiled. Statistical analysis was done using various tests.Results:Maximum patients in both the groups were in age group of 51-60 years. In group I there were 13 males and 17 females. In group II there were 14 males and 16 females. Both Olmesartan and Telmisartan are effective in lowering systolic & diastolic BP in supine & sitting positions & mean BP is also lowerer, more in Olmesartan group. By cost effective analysis Telmisartan was found more cost effective. Incremental cost effective ratio was found to be 218.35.Conclusion: Both Olmesartan and Telmisartan belong to the same antihypertensive drug class, effectively reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure at various visits. Taking into account Total cost Telmisartan was more cost effective than Olmesartan. ICER was found to be 218.35.

scholarly journals Relating the Marginal Fit of the Castings to the Accuracy of the Impressions made from Laminated Hydrocolloid Impression Technique: A Comparative Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Manish Sinha ◽  
Bhavana Thakur ◽  
Ajay Gaikwad ◽  
Lalitkumar Dnyandeo Chaudhari ◽  
Adwait Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Marginal Fit ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Impression Technique ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Crown Preparation

ABSTRACT Aim Relating the marginal fit of the castings, to the accuracy of the impression produced using laminated hydrocolloid impression technique, alginate and double-mixed polyvinyl siloxane. Basic objective of the study is to check the feasibility of the use of laminated hydrocolloid impression technique in the fixed partial denture. Materials and methods The precisely machined metal die was designed to simulate standard complete metal crown preparation. The preparation was mounted on cylindrical base of 20 mm length and diameter of 10 mm. Seven impressions were made from the each impression material onto the metal die, and total 21 impressions were obtained from all three impression materials, which were poured by the die stone, and stone die was prepared. Wax patterns were fabricated on stone dies obtained from each impression and then casting was done. All the castings were checked for the marginal fit on metal die after applying a uniform standardized load of 30 pounds using measuring microscope. Results Result revealed that the marginal fit of the castings obtained from group II (laminated hydrocolloid technique) and group III (double-mix polyvinyl polysiloxane) did not show the significant difference between the two of them. Marginal gap of the castings obtained from group I are significantly greater in comparison to the castings obtained from groups II and III (p < 0.01). Conclusion Group II (laminated hydrocolloid technique) impression material may be the choice of many clinicians over group III (double-mix polyvinyl polysiloxane) impression material. Group I (alginate impression material), though very cost-effective and easy to handle may not able to produce accurate results. Clinical significance The study gives overview of the best impression material that can be used clinically. Laminated hydrocolloid technique is the technique of choice. How to cite this article Sinha M, Thakur B, Gaikwad A, Chaudhari LD, Kulkarni A, Kulkarni H. Relating the Marginal Fit of the Castings to the Accuracy of the Impressions made from Laminated Hydrocolloid Impression Technique: A Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):167-172.

scholarly journals Cost-Effective Management of Venous Ulcer

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
SAN Alam ◽  
AHM Bashar ◽  
KM Alam ◽  
MN Sabah ◽  
GMM Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Venous Ulcer ◽  
Leg Ulcers ◽  
Venous Leg Ulcers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Venous Surgery ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Venous disorders are very common. About 20% of the population suffer from varicose veins, 2% have skin changes which may precede venous ulceration. Venous ulcers represent a common and debilitating condition associated with significant financial loss for the patients as well as the society. Treatment options for these patients are costly and time consuming. In this study we tried to find out cost-effective measures for treating this group of patients.Method: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of superficial and perforating leg venous surgery along with pharmacotherapy 66 patients with chronic venous leg ulcers are prospectively studied. After proper history taking and clinical examination all patients underwent venous duplex ultrasonography. Patients were divided into two groups. Group I (n=30) includes patients undergoing saphenofemoral ligation and stripping of the great saphenous vein (GSV). In group II (n=36) patients underwent saphenofemoral and incompetent leg perforator ligation along with stripping of the GSV. Conservative measures, local ulcer care and pharmacotherapy were common in both groups.Result: Postoperative complications, total hospital stay and ulcer healing were studied. Ulcer healing was earlier in group II. Remarkable complications were similar in both the groups.Conclusion: For effective and economic care of venous leg ulcers, combination of standard surgical procedures including incompetent perforator and saphenofemoral ligation with great saphenous vein stripping and standard physio-pharmacotherapeutic care is essential. This combined modality of treatment is highly effective in early and complete ulcer healing in patients suffering from venous ulcers.Keywords: Venous ulcer: Saphenofemoral ligation: Perforator ligation.  DOI: 10.3329/cardio.v2i2.6629Cardiovasc. j. 2010; 2(2) : 136-141

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document