scholarly journals Self-reported changes in alcohol use behavior among people living with HIV in China after receiving HIV positive diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205031211875578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xinguang Chen ◽  
Jacob Ball ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Yuejiao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Large Random Sample ◽  
Reduced Drinking ◽  
Use Behavior ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: Alcohol use remains a significant challenge for treating people living with HIV (people living with HIV). We aimed to examine current use and retrospective self-reported changes in drinking behavior after HIV+ diagnosis in people living with HIV. Method: Survey data were collected from a large random sample of people living with HIV (N = 2964, mean age = 42.5, standard deviation = 12.8) in Guangxi, China. Results: The estimated prevalence rate of current alcohol use was 42.8%. Among current drinkers, 41.7% reported binge drinking and 10.4% reported hazardous drinking. Among the ever drinkers, 45.4% reported reductions in drinking and 19.5% reported quitting after HIV+ diagnosis. Older age, female gender, higher income, being employed, if currently on antiretroviral therapy, and having received an HIV+ diagnosis within a year were positively associated with quitting; and more education, lower income, currently on antiretroviral therapy, and having received an HIV+ diagnosis more than one year were associated with reduced drinking. Conclusion: The time period immediately following receiving an HIV+ diagnosis may represent a window of opportunity for alcohol use intervention in people living with HIV.

scholarly journals Depression and its predictors among people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4557
Author(s):  
Rudramma J. ◽  
Jannatbi Iti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV infection is one of the raising public health problems. HIV diagnosis is usually associated with stigma and often results in mental illness among the people infected. Depression is the most common mental illness in HIV patients as found by various studies. Hence the present study aimed to determine the proportion of depression and its socio-demographic and clinical predictors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA).Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was done among 322 PLHA on Antiretroviral therapy attending ART centre at GIMS Teaching Hospital, Gadag. After taking written informed consent from the patients, a predesigned proforma which included socio-demographic variables, clinical details, and CD-4 count, along with patient health questionnaire (PHQ) 9 was administered to assess depression in PLHA.Results: Out of the 322 people living with HIV/AIDS, 108 (33.5%) had depressed. According to PHQ 9 questionnaire, 19.9% had mild depression, 10.6% moderate depression and 3.1% had moderate severe depression. It was noted that 40.3% of females had depression compared to 24.8% of males. PHLA who were on ART for less than one year had higher proportion of depression (61.1%) compared to those with 5 years duration of ART (28.6%) and it was statistically significant.Conclusions: In the study 33.5% of PHLA had depression. Socio-economic status, gender, duration of ART had significant association with depression whereas age, education, place of residence, CD4 count were not associated with depression. Depression screening among PHLA can be done at regular follows ups at ART centres.

scholarly journals Assessing the interaction between depressive symptoms and alcohol use prior to antiretroviral therapy on viral suppression among people living with HIV in Rural Uganda

AIDS Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1251-1257
Author(s):  
Jacklyn D. Foley ◽  
Alan Sheinfil ◽  
Sarah E. Woolf-King ◽  
Robin Fatch ◽  
Nneka I. Emenyonu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Neurocognitive Disorders among HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy at a Kenyan Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Mugendi ◽  
M. N. Kubo ◽  
D. G. Nyamu ◽  
L. M. Mwaniki ◽  
S. K. Wahome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairment ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) represent a spectrum of cognitive abnormalities affecting attention, concentration, learning, memory, executive function, psychomotor speed, and/or dexterity. Our objectives in this analysis are to determine the prevalence of HAND and the covariates in a Kenyan population. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a convenient sample of people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) attending routine care visits at the Kenyatta National Hospital HIV clinic between July and August 2015. Baseline demographics were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaires; clinical data were abstracted from patient records. Trained research clinicians determined the neurocognitive status by administration of the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) scale, and the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale. Cognitive impairment was defined as a score of ≤26 on the MOCA and ≤10 on the IHDS. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression to determine predictors of screening positive for HAND were done with the significance value set at <0.05. Results. We enrolled 345 participants (202 men; 143 women). The mean age of the study population was 42 years (±standard deviation (SD) 9.5). Mean duration since HIV diagnosis and mean duration on ART were 6.3 (±SD 3.7) and 5.6 years (±SD 3.4), respectively. Median CD4 count at interview was 446 cells/mm3 (interquartile range (IQR) 278–596). Eighty-eight percent of participants screened positive for HAND, of whom 87% had asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) and minor neurocognitive disorders (MND) grouped together while 1% had HIV-associated dementia (HAD). Patients on AZT/3TC/EFV were 3.7 times more likely to have HAND (OR = 3.7, p=0.03) compared to other HAART regimens. In the adjusted analysis, women were more likely to suffer any form of HAND than men (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.02, 4.71; p=0.045), whereas more years in school and a higher CD4 count (aOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.88; p=0.012), (aOR = 0.998, 95% CI 0.997, 0.999; p=0.013) conferred a lowered risk. Conclusion. Asymptomatic and mild neurocognitive impairment is prevalent among people living with HIV on treatment. Clinical care for HIV-positive patients should involve regular screening for neurocognitive disorders while prioritizing women and those with low education and/or low CD4 counts.

scholarly journals Risque cardiovasculaire chez les adultes vivant avec le virus d’immunodéficience humaine et sous traitement antirétroviral à Parakou au Bénin

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Cossi Angelo Attinsounon ◽  
Léopold Houétondji Codjo ◽  
Lawani Mohamed Ahouansou ◽  
Serge Hugues Mahougnon Dohou ◽  
Adébayo Alassani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Risque Cardiovasculaire ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Traitement Antirétroviral ◽  
Living With Hiv

Les personnes vivant avec le Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humain (VIH) présentent des complications métaboliques qui sont généralement multifactorielles. Elles sont associées à un risque élevé de morbidité et de mortalité cardiovasculaires. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer le niveau de risque cardiovasculaire et les facteurs associés chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, descriptive à visée analytique conduite sur une période de six mois allant du 1er Février au 31 Juillet 2016. Un recrutement systématique a permis d’inclure des patients âgés de plus de 15 ans, VIH positif, sous traitement antirétroviral et suivis à l’hôpital universitaire départemental de Borgou. Le risque cardiovasculaire (RCV) a été évalué selon le score de Framingham qui a permis de classer les patients en deux groupes : les patients ayant un RCV mineur (score < 10%) et ceux ayant un RCV majeur (score ≥ 10%). La régression binominale en analyse univariée et multivariée a été utilisée pour identifier les facteurs associés au risque cardiovasculaire. Tous les tests statistiques ont été réalisés avec un seuil de significativité de 5% et un intervalle de confiance de 95%. Au total, 215 PVVIH ont été inclus dans cette étude sur les 2365 patients suivis au CHUD Borgou. L’âge moyen était de 43,65 ± 11,38 ans avec les extrêmes de 19 et 75 ans. Le sexe féminin était prédominant (146 soit 67,91%) avec une sex-ratio (H/F) de 0,47. Un risque cardiovasculaire majeur était présent chez 56 patients (26,05%). Les facteurs associés au RCV majeur en analyse univariée étaient le sexe féminin (p = 0,019), la consommation du tabac (p = 0,003), le diabète (p < 0,001), l’hypertension artérielle (p < 0,001), le syndrome métabolique (p < 0,001) et l’exposition à l’association Lopinavir/ritonavir (p = 0,011). La prise de Zidovudine avait un effet protecteur (p = 0,008). En analyse multivariée, les facteurs associés au RCV majeur étaient le sexe féminin (p = 0,0001), le tabagisme (p = 0,02) et la présence du diabète (p = 0,0003). Les patients infectés par le VIH suivis à Parakou présentent plusieurs facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire. Ce risque doit être prévenu par la prescription des mesures hygiéno-diététiques et l’instauration d’un suivi cardiologique régulier. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Mots clés: VIH, Risque cardiovasculaire, traitement antirétroviral, Parakou English Title: Cardiovascular risk in adults living with the human immunodeficiency virus and on antiretroviral therapy in Parakou English Abstract People living with HIV have metabolic complications that are usually multifactorial. They are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the level of cardiovascular risk and associated factors in people living with HIV. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytically study conducted from February to July 2016 at the Teaching and Regional Hospital of Borgou. Systematic enrolment included patients older than 15 years, HIV positive, and followed up under antiretroviral therapy. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was assessed according to the Framingham score, which classified patients into two groups: patients with a minor CVR (score <10%) and those with a major CVR (score ≥ 10%). Binomial regression in univariate and multivariate analysis are used to identify associated factors with cardiovascular risk. A total of 215 PLHIV were included in this study on the 2365 patients monitored at CHUD Borgou. The average age was 43.65 ± 11.38 years. Females were predominant (146, 67.91%) with a sex-ratio of 0.47. A major cardiovascular risk was present in 56 patients (26.05%). The factors associated with major CVR in univariate analysis were female gender (p = 0.019), tobacco use (p = 0.003), diabetes (p < 0.001), high blood pressure (p < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001), and exposure to lopinavir/ritonavir combination (p = 0.011). Exposure to zidovudine had a protective effect (p = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with major CVR were female gender (p = 0.0001), smoking (p = 0.02), and presence of diabetes (p = 0.0003). HIV-infected patients in Parakou have several cardiovascular risk factors. This risk must be prevented by prescribing diet and lifestyle measures and instituting regular cardiological follow-up. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Keywords: HIV, cardiovascular risk, antiretroviral therapy, Parakou

scholarly journals Antiretroviral therapy among patients with HIV in Almaty, Kazakhstan: the implication for HIV-associated tuberculosis control

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (11.1) ◽  
pp. 128S-132S
Author(s):  
Alfiya Denebayeva ◽  
Arpine Abrahamyan ◽  
Aelita Sargsyan ◽  
Karine Kentenyants ◽  
Ainur Zhandybayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Art Initiation ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an effective preventive strategy against tuberculosis (TB) in people living with HIV (PLWH). In Kazakhstan, according to the revised HIV treatment guideline (2017), ART should be initiated immediately after HIV diagnosis established, regardless of CD4+ count. Aim: To evaluate the impact of early initiation of ART on TB infection in PLWH registered in the Center of Prevention and Control of AIDS, Almaty, Kazakhstan, between 2008 and 2018. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data of 4,053 patients from electronic HIV case management system (2008-2018) (EHCMS). Results: The study revealed low rates (12.6%) of rapid ART (≤ 1 month after HIV diagnosis). Patients in the rapid ART initiation group were less likely to develop TB compared with those who started treatment >1 month after the HIV detection (odds ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval [1.1, 2.2]; p = 0.00799). Interestingly, the risk for developing TB among patients receiving ART ≥ 1 month after HIV diagnosis was significantly higher compared with those not taking any treatment. The latter was explained by several confounding not addressed during the analysis, since ART was prescribed to patients with primarily deeper immunodeficiency, while the patients not receiving ART were less immunocompromised. Conclusion: Despite the recently changed HIV treatment guideline in Kazakhstan, ART is still initiated based on the disease severity. In 2018, the initiation of ART during the first month after HIV diagnosis increased by 50%. However, it is necessary to reduce the time to initiation of ART for all patients.

scholarly journals Alcohol-antiretroviral therapy interactive toxicity beliefs and daily medication adherence and alcohol use among people living with HIV

AIDS Care ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Pellowski ◽  
Seth C. Kalichman ◽  
Moira O. Kalichman ◽  
Chauncey Cherry
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Hazardous alcohol use, antiretroviral therapy receipt and viral suppression in people living with HIV who inject drugs in the U.S., India, Russia and Vietnam

AIDS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Wagman ◽  
Adriane Wynn ◽  
Mika Matsuzaki ◽  
Natalia Gnatienko ◽  
Lisa R. Metsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The U.S

Metabolic Syndrome in HIV-patients in Antiretroviral Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 388-395
Author(s):  
Daniel Vargas-Pacherrez ◽  
Helma P. Cotrim ◽  
Leonardo Pires ◽  
Vitor Cunha ◽  
Vitor Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Living With Hiv

Introduction: The global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among people living with HIV/AIDS varies from 20% to 33%. Objective: to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in a group of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with HIV-infected patients from a reference center in Bahia, Brazil. We evaluated clinical, socio-demographic and anthropometric data. MS was defined according to the guidelines of International Diabetes Federation. Results: We evaluated 152 patients with mean age of 47.3±11.6 years, 59.2% male. The main comorbidities detected were diabetes (3.3%) hypertriglyceridemia (9.3%) and metabolic syndrome (MS,38.2%). Patients with MS were predominantly women (55.2% vs 31.9%; p=0.005), older [52.1 (10.4) vs 44.3 (11.3); p<0.001], and had overweight (74.1% vs 23.4%; p<0.001). After multivariate analysis MS remained associated with age (OR = 1.076; 95% CI: 1.030 – 1.125), female sex (OR = 2.452; 95% CI: 1.114 – 5.374) and family history of hypertension (OR = 3.678; 95% CI: 1.431 – 9.395). Conclusion: Almost half of the HIV-infected patients in Bahia presents with MS which seems to be driven by classical risk factors.

Dukungan sosial dan kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Mardia Mardia ◽  
Riris Andono Ahmad ◽  
Bambang Sigit Riyanto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Aids

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS based on the criteria for diagnosis and other factors.Methods: This study was conducted in the VCT clinic hospital of Dr. Moewardi. The population was HIV-positive patients with antiretroviral therapy. Data collection conducted through medical records and interview to patients. Results: Out of a total of 89 respondents, 66.29% were males and 71.91% were aged between 26-45 years. We found significant correlations for diagnosis of HIV/AIDS, opportunistic infections, time since HIV diagnosis, duration of ARV therapy, social support, modes of transport, sex, age, and marital status with the quality of life. Multivariate analysis obtained by each variable showed the strongest association with the quality of life was time since diagnosis, social support and duration of ARV therapy. Conclusion: The quality of life was better for those who have been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS ≥ 32 months, with social support, and who have been undergoing antiretroviral therapy ≥ 29 months. Improved counseling in the early days of ARV therapy is necessary to always maintain the treatment and provide support for their social life.

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