Smoking duration and intensity associated with tumour aggressiveness in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: A correlation study

2020 ◽  
pp. 205141582094723
Author(s):  
Sawkar Vijay Pramod ◽  
Ferry Safriadi ◽  
Bethy S. Hernowo ◽  
Reiva Farah Dwiyana ◽  
Ananta Bonar
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Smoking Intensity ◽  
Distant Lymph Node Metastasis ◽  
Local Staging ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder

Introduction: Smoking is well recognized as the most important risk factor for the malignancy of bladder. Cigarette smoking is associated with a higher risk of bladder cancer. The influence of various parameters of smoking history was still unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between smoking intensity and clinico-pathological features of bladder cancer. Methods: This was a retrospective study with non-probability consecutive sampling. All patients with urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder in our hospital during 2009–2018 were included in the present study. The data were collected from medical records and then divided into three groups according to the intensity of smoking. The data were analysed, with statistical significance determined using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Result: The data from a total of 260 urothelial bladder cancer patients were collected between 2009 and 2018. Based on statistical testing, it was found that there was a strong correlation between smoking intensity and local staging (T; rs=0.827), with a greater tendency to develop a larger tumour growth as the smoking intensity increased. There was also a weak correlation between smoke intensity and grading ( rs=0.139). Meanwhile, no correlation was found between smoking intensity and the incidence of regional (N; rs=0.119) and distant lymph node metastasis (M; rs=0.239). Smoke status and intensity had a weak correlation with lesion ( rs=0.163 and 0.206, respectively). The type of cigarette and local staging had a small correlation ( rs=0.166). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that smoking intensity was significantly correlated only with primary tumour progression and grading, but not with the progression of regional and distant metastasis. There was a weak correlation between smoking status and intensity with the type of lesion, whether a solitary nodule or multiple nodules. This study also demonstrated a small correlation between the type of cigarette and local staging. Level of evidence: 3

scholarly journals Smoking history, smoking intensity, and type of cigarette as risk factors of bladder cancer: A literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
SawkarVijay Pramod ◽  
Ferry Safriadi ◽  
BethyS Hernowo ◽  
ReivaFarah Dwiyana ◽  
Baskara Batista
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Smoking Intensity

scholarly journals Assessment of Immunological Features in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Prognosis Using Ensemble Learning

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1624
Author(s):  
Christos G. Gavriel ◽  
Neofytos Dimitriou ◽  
Nicolas Brieu ◽  
Ines P. Nearchou ◽  
Ognjen Arandjelović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tnm Staging ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
P Value ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Muscle Invasive

The clinical staging and prognosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) routinely includes the assessment of patient tissue samples by a pathologist. Recent studies corroborate the importance of image analysis in identifying and quantifying immunological markers from tissue samples that can provide further insight into patient prognosis. In this paper, we apply multiplex immunofluorescence to MIBC tissue sections to capture whole-slide images and quantify potential prognostic markers related to lymphocytes, macrophages, tumour buds, and PD-L1. We propose a machine-learning-based approach for the prediction of 5 year prognosis with different combinations of image, clinical, and spatial features. An ensemble model comprising several functionally different models successfully stratifies MIBC patients into two risk groups with high statistical significance (p value < 1×10−5). Critical to improving MIBC survival rates, our method correctly classifies 71.4% of the patients who succumb to MIBC, which is significantly more than the 28.6% of the current clinical gold standard, the TNM staging system.

Combination of AST to ALT and neutrophils to lymphocytes ratios as predictors of locally advanced disease in patients with bladder cancer subjected to radical cystectomy: Results from a single-institutional series

2021 ◽  
pp. 039156032110351
Author(s):  
Alessandro Uleri ◽  
Rodolfo Hurle ◽  
Roberto Contieri ◽  
Pietro Diana ◽  
Nicolòmaria Buffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Locally Advanced Disease ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) staging is challenging. There is an important need for available and affordable predictors to assess, in combination with imaging, the presence of locally-advanced disease. Objective: To determine the role of the De Ritis ratio (DRR) and neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR) in the prediction of locally-advanced disease defined as the presence of extravescical extension (pT ⩾ 3) and/or lymph node metastases (LNM) in patients with BC treated with radical cystectomy (RC). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and pathological data of 139 consecutive patients who underwent RC at our institution. Logistic regression models (LRMs) were fitted to test the above-mentioned outcomes. Results: A total of 139 consecutive patients underwent RC at our institution. Eighty-six (61.9%) patients had a locally-advanced disease. NLR (2.53 and 3.07; p = 0.005) and DRR (1 and 1.17; p = 0.01) were significantly higher in patients with locally-advanced disease as compared to organ-confined disease. In multivariable LRMs, an increasing DRR was an independent predictor of locally-advanced disease (OR = 3.91; 95% CI: 1.282–11.916; p = 0.017). Similarly, an increasing NLR was independently related to presence of locally-advanced disease (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.027–1.591; p = 0.028). In univariate LRMs, patients with DRR > 1.21 had a higher risk of locally advanced disease (OR = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.312–6.128; p = 0.008). Similarly, in patients with NLR > 3.47 there was an increased risk of locally advanced disease (OR = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.374–6.651; p = 0.006). In multivariable LRMs, a DRR > 1.21 was an independent predictor of locally advanced disease (OR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1.12–6.35; p = 0.027). Similarly, an NLR > 3.47 was independently related to presence of locally advanced disease (OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 0.95–5.25; p = 0.065). No other covariates such as gender, BMI, neoadjuvant chemotherapy or diabetes reached statistical significance. The AUC of the multivariate LRM to assess the risk of locally advanced disease was 0.707 (95% CI: 0.623–0.795). Limitations include the retrospective nature of the study and the relatively small sample size.

MP-19.13: CYP3A mediated dapsone recovery ratio may predict tumour progression in superficial bladder cancer

Urology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-148
Author(s):  
B. Ayres ◽  
B. Buch ◽  
V. Kondragunta ◽  
D. Gillatt ◽  
M. Romkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Superficial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Recovery Ratio

Correlation of Reduced Endurance Capacity of Neck Flexor and Extensor in Cigarette Smokers of College Going Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Manasi Rajesh Zele ◽  
Sneha Katke ◽  
Manal Anthikat
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction ◽  
College Going ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
College Of Nursing

Background: Muscle endurance is the ability of muscle to contract repeatedly against a load (resistance), generated and sustain tension and resist fatigue over an extended period of time. Smoking causes variety of health diseases and it also affects skeletal muscle dysfunction as well. Cigarette smoke constituents and systemic inflammatory mediators enhance proteolysis and inhibit protein synthesis, leading to loss of muscle mass. Objectives: To find out the correlation between the neck flexor endurance capacity and neck extensor endurance capacity with 1-5 years of smoking history. Methods: Data collection was done from college of physiotherapy and college of nursing using convenient sampling. 60 Male subjects were included in study between the age group of 20-30 years with 1-5 years of smoking history. The score of neck flexor endurance capacity and neck extensor endurance capacity using neck flexor endurance test and neck extensor endurance test, and the data were analyzed. Result: The result of study showed a statistical significance in the neck flexor and extensor endurance capacity (p=<0.001) (r=-0.59 for NFEC, -0.54 for NEEC) using neck flexor endurance capacity test and neck extensor endurance capacity test in subjects with 1-5 years of smoking history. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is reduced endurance capacity of neck flexor and neck extensor muscles in smokers with 1-5 years of smoking history. Key words: Cigarette smoking, muscle strength, neck flexor and extensor endurance test, 1-5 years smoking history.

scholarly journals A Case of Primary Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashita Ono ◽  
Yosuke Hirasawa ◽  
Mitsumasa Yamashina ◽  
Naoto Kaburagi ◽  
Takashi Mima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Cell Of Origin ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder

Primary small-cell carcinoma arising from the bladder (SmCCB) is uncommon. It differs from urothelial carcinoma (UC), the most common type of bladder cancer, with respect to its cell of origin, biology, and prognosis. Biologically, prostatic SmCCB is much more aggressive than UC, and the prognosis for cases with distant metastasis is especially poor. We report here a case of primary SmCCB (cT3bN1M0) treated with radical cystectomy.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF DIAGNOSTIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF DETECTION OF NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER CANCER

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 796-803
Author(s):  
Ivan Vladanov ◽  
Alexei Plesacov ◽  
Vitalii Ghicavii
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Narrow Band Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Photodynamic Diagnosis ◽  
White Light Cystoscopy ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
The One

Recently white light cystoscopy (WLC) is the standard method for detection of urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Regarding the problem that on the one hand the sensitivity of WLC is not high enough, and on the other hand it can miss small ‘satellite’ tumors or carcinoma in situ (CIS), other techniques are used. Such techniques are the new imaging by photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and narrow band imaging (NBI). The both techniques allow very accurate bladder cancer visualization. It is obviously very important to improve diagnostic accuracy and as consequence it increases the quality of resection. Regarding the meta-analysis of several studies, it can be concluded that the new imaging techniques should be applied for a more precise diagnostic, comparing with WLC. Further results of multicentric meta-analysis between these two techniques will stabilize their advantages for concrete clinical indications.

scholarly journals Levels of Growth Factors and IgA in the Colostrum of Women from Burundi and Italy

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Munblit ◽  
Priya Abrol ◽  
Shreya Sheth ◽  
Li Chow ◽  
Ekaterina Khaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Immune System Development

Colostrum is produced in the first days postpartum. It is a known source of immune mediators for a newborn within the first week of life. Although it is still unclear if colostrum composition varies between populations, recent data suggest differences. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF); transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) 1, 2, and 3; and immunoglobulin A (IgA) are key immunological components of colostrum that stimulate neonatal gastrointestinal and immune system development. We aimed to investigate the differences in the concentration between immune markers in the colostrum of mothers living in Burundi and Italy, and to identify the factors associated with differences. In this cross-sectional birth cohort study, a total of 99 colostrum samples from Burundian (n = 23) and Italian (n = 76) women were collected at 0 to 6 days postpartum. A clinical chemistry analyser was used for IgA quantification and electro-chemiluminescence, for HGF and TGFβ1-3 assessment. A univariate analysis and multivariate linear regression model were used for statistical testing. The concentrations of TGF-β2 (p = 0.01) and IgA (p < 0.01) were significantly higher in the colostrum from the women residing in Burundi than in Italy, both in a univariate analysis and upon the adjustment for confounding factors. A similar trend is seen for HGF, reaching statistical significance upon a multivariate analysis. We found a moderate to strong positive correlation between the TGF-β isoforms and IgA concentration in both countries (p < 0.01), with stronger concentration in the colostrum from Burundi. The results of this study are in support of previous data, suggesting that concentration of the immune active molecules is higher in the human milk of women residing in developing countries. However, with a small sample size, caution must be applied, as the findings require further confirmation. Future work should also be focused on other factors (e.g., lipid and microbial composition), as well as the investigation into colostrum and between populations comparison, adjusting for potential confounders.

scholarly journals Current Concepts in Biomarker Technology for Bladder Cancers

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Burchardt ◽  
Tatjana Burchardt ◽  
Ahmad Shabsigh ◽  
Alexandre De La Taille ◽  
Mitchell C Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Standard Of Practice ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Background: Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC) is the second most common malignancy of the urinary tract. More than 70% of treated tumors recur, and 30% of recurrent tumors progress. Currently, pathologic staging and grading are valuable prognostic factors for detecting and monitoring TCC. Urinalysis, cystoscopy, and cytology are either invasive or lack sensitivity and specificity. The availability of a noninvasive, reliable, and simple test would greatly improve the detection and monitoring of patients with TCC. Several biomarkers for bladder cancer have been proposed, but no single marker has emerged as the test of choice. Approach: We undertook a comprehensive literature search using Medline to identify all publications from 1980 to 1999. Articles that discussed potential biomarkers for TCC were screened. Only compounds that demonstrated high sensitivity or specificity, significant correlation with TCC diagnosis and staging, and extensive investigation were included in this review. Content: Potential biomarkers of disease progression and prognosis include nuclear matrix protein, fibrin/fibrinogen product, bladder tumor antigen, blood group-related antigens, tumor-associated antigens, proliferating antigens, oncogenes, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, and cell cycle regulatory proteins. The properties of the biomarkers and the methods for detecting or quantifying them are presented. Their sensitivities and specificities for detecting and monitoring disease were 54–100% and 61–97%, respectively, compared with 20–40% and 90% for urinalysis and cytology. Summary: Although urine cytology and cystoscopy are still the standard of practice, many candidate biomarkers for TCC are emerging and being adopted into clinical practice. Further research and better understanding of the biology of bladder cancer, improved diagnostic techniques, and standardized interpretation are essential steps to develop reliable biomarkers. It is possible that using the current biomarkers as an adjuvant modality will improve our ability to diagnose and monitor bladder cancer.

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