Depression Symptoms Relationship With Music Use: Investigating the Role of Trait Affect, Musical Ability, Music Preferences

People across cultures often use music to evoke positive emotions and moods. Yet, some people tend to employ maladaptive strategies such as rumination, avoidant coping, or social isolation when they listen to music. The present research investigated how strongly maladaptive musical engagement is linked with depression and wellbeing in a sample of 1415 Indians (17–65 years) across four cities and two countries. Participants completed a battery of assessments on trait affect, depression, adaptive and maladaptive musical engagement strategies, music preferences, and music skills. 1329 participants were included for analysis. All nine symptoms ( r = .16, to .30) and the sum score of depression ( r = .39), as well as trait negative affect ( r = .36) were correlated with maladaptive music engagement. Six of the symptoms of depression were significant predictors of maladaptive music engagement. Among those, suicidal ideation, worthlessness, and fatigue were the most important. Maladaptive music engagement increased the odds of experiencing all the depression symptoms ( OR = 1.04 to 1.14). Trait positive affect ( r = .29) and having music as a hobby ( r = .22) correlated with adaptive music engagement. Musicians who had been playing an instrument for six years and above had lower levels of maladaptive music engagement ( d = .84). Furthermore, the results show that depression symptoms might have a bidirectional relationship with maladaptive music engagement, with suicidal thoughts being the most important symptom. The current study also validated the Healthy-Unhealthy Music Scale (HUMS; Saarikallio et al., 2015 ) in India and provides a cut-off score based on the sensitivity (.86) and specificity (.66) in identifying people at risk for depression. Overall, the results reveal that socio-demographic factors (age, gender, relationship status, occupation status, geographical location), psychological factors (trait affect, depressive symptoms), and music skills play an important role in engaging with music.

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Relationship between depression symptoms and music use: The role of trait affect, music skills, music preferences

10.31234/osf.io/jmfke ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sai Charan Kanagala ◽

David M. Greenberg ◽

Thomas Schäfer ◽

Anna Gabinska

Keyword(s):

Positive Emotions ◽

Well Being ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Music Preferences ◽

Trait Affect ◽

Engagement Strategies ◽

Musical Engagement ◽

The Individual ◽

Music Skills

People across cultures often use music to evoke positive emotions and moods. Yet, some people tend to employ maladaptive strategies such as rumination, avoidant, or social isolation purposes when they listen to music. This maladaptive musical engagement style is linked with depression and poorer well-being. The present research investigated the association between musical engagement strategies, symptoms of depression, trait affect, and musical expertise in a sample of 1,415 Indians (17- 65 years) across four cities and two countries. Participants completed a battery of assessments on trait affect, depression, and musical engagement and music preferences, music skills. Adaptive musical engagement was measured with the healthy music subscale (HM) and maladaptive musical engagement was measured with the unhealthy music subscale (UHM) of the healthy-unhealthy music scale (Saarikallio et al., 2015). All nine symptoms (r=.16, to .30) and sum score (r=.39) of depression, trait negative affect (r=.36) were correlated with UHM. Six symptoms (R2=.18) were predictors of UHM among those suicidal ideation, guilt, and fatigue were the strongest predictors. Engagement with UHM increased the odds of experiencing depression with mild (Odds ratios=1.05 to 1.10), moderate (Odds ratio =1.05 to 1.16), and severe symptomatology (Odds ratios = 1.05 to 1.17). Trait positive affect (r=.29), music hobby (r=.22) correlated with HM. Participants with music skills engaged in HM (d = -.26 to -.36) more than the participants without music skills. Overall the results show that musical engagement either through listening or active participation in musical activities is an indicator for the well-being of the individual. Maladaptive musical engagement is detrimental to mental health. The current study validated the HUMS scale in India, provided a cut-off score based on the sensitivity and specificity in detecting depression by a non-clinical phenomenon, and it can be useful in treating depression with the aid of music-related interventions.

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Anticipated and experienced positive affect shape sustainable action in everyday life

10.31234/osf.io/numgx ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kimberly Doell ◽

Beatrice Conte ◽

Tobias Brosch

Keyword(s):

Positive Emotions ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Intervention Strategies ◽

Affective States ◽

Trait Affect ◽

Environmental Actions ◽

Mitigate Climate Change ◽

The Individual ◽

Behavioral Impact ◽

Sustainable Action

Emotions are powerful drivers of human behavior that may make people aware of the urgency to act to mitigate climate change and provide a motivational basis to engage in sustainable action. However, attempts to leverage emotions via climate communications have yielded unsatisfactory results, with many interventions failing to produce the desired behaviors. Considering emotions as simple behavioral levers without considering differences in the underlying affective mechanisms may not optimally exploit their potential to promote sustainable action. Across two field experiments, here we show that individual predispositions to experience positive emotions in an environmental context (trait affect) predict pro-environmental actions and corresponding shifts in affective states (towards personal as well as witnessed pro-environmental actions). Moreover, trait affect predicts the individual behavioral impact of emotion-based intervention strategies from positive environmental messages. These findings have important implications for the targeted design of affect-based interventions aiming to promote sustainable behavior.

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THE STRUCTURE OF LATGALE INHABITANTS’ FEELING OF HAPPINESS AND ITS SOCIO- DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINATES

Education Reform in Comprehensive School Education Content Research and Implementation Problems ◽

10.17770/ercs2015.1141 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Ēriks Kalvāns

Keyword(s):

Positive Emotions ◽

Social Activity ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Theoretical Interpretation ◽

The European Union ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Research Article ◽

Welfare Problem ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Oxford Happiness Questionnaire

The aim of this scientific research article is to describe the structure of the Latgale inhabitants’ feeling of happiness, the influencing socio-demographic factors, as well as the presentation of socio-demographic portraits of the happy and unhappy Latgale inhabitants. A key concept of „happiness” is used in this publication. The theoretical interpretation of the happiness phenomenon is based on the findings of positive psychology, according to which happiness is defined as a life satisfaction and positive evaluation of his life and positive emotions over negative emotions. As the research base Latgale region has been chosen because this is the region of Latvia with the lowest socio-economic development, which is considered one of the poorest regions in the European Union - so it acquires a special topicality of welfare problem, the most important aspect of happiness. „Oxford happiness questionnaire” adapted by the author to Latvian culture and socio-demographic survey, were used in the research paper. It was found out that essential socio-demographic factors influencing the Latgale habitants’ feeling of happiness are a social activity, a material assurance, gender and level of education.

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Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index (Gold-MSI): Portuguese version and associations with socio-demographic factors, personality and music preferences

Psychology of Music ◽

10.1177/0305735618801997 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 376-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

César F. Lima ◽

Ana Isabel Correia ◽

Daniel Müllensiefen ◽

São Luís Castro

Keyword(s):

Sex Education ◽

Economic Status ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Self Report ◽

Good Test ◽

Music Preferences ◽

Portuguese Version ◽

Musical Skills ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Age Range

The Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index (Gold-MSI) was recently proposed as a self-report measure of musical skills and behaviors in the general population. Although it is becoming a widely used tool, relatively little is known about its correlates, and adaptations into different languages will be crucial for cross-cultural comparisons and to allow for use beyond the original validation context. In this study, we adapted the Gold-MSI for use with Portuguese speaking individuals and evaluated it with a Portuguese sample ( N = 408; age range = 17–66 years; 306 women). We demonstrate that the Portuguese version of the Gold-MSI has appropriate psychometric properties, including good internal consistency and very good test–retest reliability. This was observed for the five subscales and for the general musical sophistication index (α values ⩾ 0.82, r values ⩾ 0.84). Using confirmatory factor analysis, the expected underlying factor structure was also confirmed. In addition, we identified associations between individual differences on the Gold-MSI and socio-demographic factors (age, sex, education, socio-economic status), personality traits, and music preferences. The Portuguese Gold-MSI is freely available, and it offers a reliable and valid tool that can contribute to the refined assessment of musical sophistication in a range of research contexts.

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Older New Zealanders in caregiving roles: Psychological functioning of caregivers of people living with dementia

Dementia ◽

10.1177/1471301217725897 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 1663-1678 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Márta Fekete ◽

Agnes Szabo ◽

Christine Stephens ◽

Fiona Alpass

Keyword(s):

Psychological Functioning ◽

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Positive Outcomes ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Low Levels ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Caregiving Roles

Research suggests that caregiving can have both positive and negative effects on psychological functioning. It is, however, less understood how these positive and negative effects interact within individuals. The present study aimed to identify different patterns of psychological functioning and their correlates among caregivers of dementia patients. The sample included 336 older caregivers. Latent profile analysis revealed three distinct profiles. The optimally functioning profile was characterized by high levels of positive outcomes and low levels of depression. Those with a suboptimally functioning profile reported low levels of positive outcomes and increased depression symptoms. The poorly functioning profile displayed extremely high levels of depression symptoms and extremely low levels of positive outcomes. Differentiation among groups was driven by differences in social support and to a lesser extent by socio-demographic factors and caregiving experience. Results suggest that caregiving is not necessarily a burdensome role and highlight the role of social relationships.

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Vision health disparities in blindness and visual impairment in Nigeria: A review of the Nigerian National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey

African Vision and Eye Health ◽

10.4102/aveh.v76i1.345 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Obinna F. Akano

Keyword(s):

Health Disparities ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Access To Health Care ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Male Dominance ◽

Place Of Residence ◽

Access To Health ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Purpose: Blindness and visual impairment have become public health problems with prevalence increasing year after year. Nigeria, the most populated country in Africa, is also very diverse in terms of geographical location, ethnicity and culture. This study looks at and considers the vision health disparities in blindness and visual impairment in Nigeria using socio-demographic factors such as gender, geopolitical zones, place of residence and literacy.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar databases from May 2014 to May 2015. The search included articles from 2001 to May 2015 as well as a review of the Nigerian National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey.Results: The male dominance culture and lower literacy levels among women in Nigeria have led to a higher prevalence of blindness and visual impairment among women compared to men. In Nigeria, eye diseases that lead to blindness and visual impairment occur more in certain geopolitical zones and ecological regions than others. More Nigerians live in remote rural areas, with little or no access to health care, rather than in urban areas where there are more eye care practitioners and better facilities for care.Conclusion: Differences in gender, geopolitical zones, place of residence and literacy are responsible for existing vision health disparities in blindness and visual impairment in Nigeria.

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Viral Tunes: Changes in musical behaviours and interest in coronamusic predict socio-emotional coping during COVID-19 lockdown

10.31234/osf.io/7mg2v ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lauren Fink ◽

Lindsay Alison Warrenburg ◽

Claire Howlin ◽

William M. Randall ◽

Niels Chr. Hansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Emotional Regulation ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Music Listening ◽

The Novel ◽

Emotional Needs ◽

Light Gradient ◽

Emotional Coping ◽

Musical Engagement ◽

Representative Samples

Beyond immediate health risks, the COVID-19 pandemic poses a variety of stressors, which may require expensive or unavailable strategies during a pandemic (e.g., therapy, socialising). Here we asked whether musical engagement is an effective strategy for socio-emotional coping. During the first lockdown period (April-May 2020), we surveyed changes in music listening and making behaviours of over 5000 people, with representative samples from 3 continents. More than half of respondents reported using music to cope. People experiencing increased negative emotions used music for solitary emotional regulation, whereas people experiencing increased positive emotions used music as a proxy for social interaction. Light gradient-boosted regressor models were used to identify the most important predictors of an individual’s use of music to cope, the foremost of which was, intriguingly, their interest in the novel genre of “coronamusic.” Overall, our results emphasise the importance of real-time musical responses to societal crises, as well as individually tailored adaptations in musical behaviours to meet socio-emotional needs.

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Do chronological age and selected socio-demographic factors affect quality of life in females with breast cancer?

Anthropological Review ◽

10.2478/v10044-008-0014-4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 31-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Magdalena Skrzypczak ◽

Piotr Łaski ◽

Urszula Czerniak ◽

Witold Kycler

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Quality Of Life ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Social Avoidance ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Cognitive Problems

Do chronological age and selected socio-demographic factors affect quality of life in females with breast cancer?The main aim of this study is to determine whether chronological age and selected socio-demographic factors affect quality of life in females with breast cancer. The sample group consisted of 145 females between 32.0 and 84.4 years of age, after radical surgery treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and undergoing hormonotherapy. The results indicate no significant differences between individuals varied by chronological age, and by place of residence. The time elapsed since the diagnosis was a significant differentiating factor in terms of the self-reported extent of positive emotions, cognitive problems and sexual functioning. Higher educated females were more inclined to social avoidance and more severely affected by fatigue - those with partners more so than single ones. The distress related to the disease and its treatment degrades the patients' quality of life so severely that other factors, such as socio-demographic, chronological age or period since diagnosis, do not play as an important role in a subjective evaluation of quality of life. One needs to be cognizant of the variety of coexisting factors, including psychological and characterological, that contribute to the quality of life evaluation.

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Children’s Play and Independent Mobility in 2020: Results from the British Children’s Play Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18084334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 4334

Author(s):

Helen F. Dodd ◽

Lily FitzGibbon ◽

Brooke E. Watson ◽

Rachel J. Nesbit

Keyword(s):

Geographical Location ◽

Green Spaces ◽

Independent Mobility ◽

Children's Play ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Children’S Play ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Indoor Play ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

The British Children’s Play Survey was conducted in April 2020 with a nationally representative sample of 1919 parents/caregivers with a child aged 5–11 years. Respondents completed a range of measures focused on children’s play, independent mobility and adult tolerance of and attitudes towards risk in play. The results show that, averaged across the year, children play for around 3 h per day, with around half of children’s play happening outdoors. Away from home, the most common places for children to play are playgrounds and green spaces. The most adventurous places for play were green spaces and indoor play centres. A significant difference was found between the age that children were reported to be allowed out alone (10.74 years; SD = 2.20 years) and the age that their parents/caregivers reported they had been allowed out alone (8.91 years; SD = 2.31 years). A range of socio-demographic factors were associated with children’s play. There was little evidence that geographical location predicted children’s play, but it was more important for independent mobility. Further, when parents/caregivers had more positive attitudes around children’s risk-taking in play, children spent more time playing and were allowed to be out of the house independently at a younger age.

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Viral tunes: changes in musical behaviours and interest in coronamusic predict socio-emotional coping during COVID-19 lockdown

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications ◽

10.1057/s41599-021-00858-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lauren K. Fink ◽

Lindsay A. Warrenburg ◽

Claire Howlin ◽

William M. Randall ◽

Niels Chr. Hansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Emotional Regulation ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Music Listening ◽

Effective Strategy ◽

Emotional Needs ◽

Light Gradient ◽

Emotional Coping ◽

Musical Engagement ◽

Representative Samples

AbstractBeyond immediate health risks, the COVID-19 pandemic poses a variety of stressors, which may require expensive or unavailable strategies during a pandemic (e.g., therapy, socialising). Here, we asked whether musical engagement is an effective strategy for socio-emotional coping. During the first lockdown period (April–May 2020), we surveyed changes in music listening and making behaviours of over 5000 people, with representative samples from three continents. More than half of respondents reported engaging with music to cope. People experiencing increased negative emotions used music for solitary emotional regulation, whereas people experiencing increased positive emotions used music as a proxy for social interaction. Light gradient-boosted regressor models were used to identify the most important predictors of an individual’s use of music to cope, the foremost of which was, intriguingly, their interest in “coronamusic.” Overall, our results emphasise the importance of real-time musical responses to societal crises, as well as individually tailored adaptations in musical behaviours to meet socio-emotional needs.

Download Full-text