Flow and its Relationship to Happiness Among Students of Law and Fine Arts Faculties at Damascus University: التدفق النفسي وعلاقته بالسعادة لدى طلبة كليتي الحقوق والفنون الجميلة بجامعة دمشق

The aim of current research is to study the relationship between psychological flow and happiness among a sample of Damascus University students (Faculties of Law and Fine Arts), in addition to knowing the differences in happiness and psychological flow due to variables (gender, faculty). The research used the descriptive correlative approach. the researcher used Jackson and Elkland flow questionnaire, and the Oxford happiness questionnaire prepared by Argyle and Hills; which applied to a sample of (300) students of the third year. The results showed that there is, a statistically significant correlation between psychological flow and happiness (0.70) and there is a statistically significant correlation between Happiness and each loss of self-consciousness, Merging of action and awareness, and sense of control with (0.63, 0.59, 0.47) respectively. Also, the results showed there are no statistically significant differences in the psychological flow or in happiness among the members of the research sample due to the variable (sex) at level (0.05≥α). While there were statistically significant differences in the psychological flow among the members of the sample due to the variable of (faculty), in favor of the students of Fine Arts faculty. According to the results of research, psychological flow explains about 70% of the total variance in happiness. Based on the results, the researcher presented a number of recommendations to improve the psychological growth and happiness among the two colleges.

Happiness as a Measure of Mental Health – Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire

Background: Happiness is a complex concept that has been associated with mental health. Measures of happiness incorporate affective states predisposition and personality traits. Following the link established between subjective wellbeing and positive emotions and mental health, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) may be considered a broad measure of personal happiness. We aimed to validate OHQ in the Portuguese speaking population. METHODS: A sample of 421 young adults fulfilled the 29 and 8-item items of OHQ Portuguese version. Participants also completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A principal component analysis with Varimax rotation, Kaiser rule, complemented by a scree plot graphical representation, was performed. RESULTS: Seven components of the OHQ explained 58.22% of the total variance, and a correlation of 0.90 between the long 29 items version and the 8 items short version. Both versions related inversely with negative feelings (depression, anxiety, and stress), and directly with subjective happiness. CONCLUSION: The OHQ performs as a happiness assessment tool suitable for patients and healthy populations. The application of this questionnaire may furthermore contribute to clarify the concept of happiness and test the real usefulness of these tools in the clinical setting.

The contribution of cathedrals to psychological health and well-being: Assessing the impact of Cathedral Carol Services

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that events such as the Christmas Eve Carol Services at Liverpool Cathedral that include some regular churchgoers (people who attend services most weeks) and much larger numbers of occasional visitors (who may attend church only once or twice a year) make a significant impact on the psychological health and well-being of the participants. Using a repeat-measure design, participants were invited to complete a copy of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire while they were waiting for the service to begin and then to complete a second copy during a five-minute organ improvisation just before the close of the service. Data provided by 802 participants who completed both copies of the instrument demonstrated a significantly higher score on the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire at time two than at time one, suggesting that attendance at the service had exerted a positive impact on psychological health and well-being.Contribution: Situated within the science of cathedral studies, this article demonstrates by means of a repeated-measure study that cathedrals can make a significant impact on the psychological health and well-being of the wider community served by them. The same well-being measure was completed by 802 participants at the Christmas Eve Carol Services before and after the event, with a significant increase in scores at time two.

A Study to Assess the Level of Happiness Among Nursing Faculties

Background of the study: Nursing education is considered one of the academic disciplines with higher levels of job stress. Nursing faculty are seldom viewed as a vulnerable population, yet those who teach nursing are susceptible to physical, psychological, and emotional harm from students, peers, and administrators.[13] In the nursing faculty role, individuals face multiple stressors that, if not handled in a proactive manner, may result in serious stress reactions characterized by negative behavioural, psychological, and physiological outcomes. Burnout, in particular, is a negative consequence of stress. Faculty with higher happiness levels could treat student nurses better. It will have a direct impact nurse's level of happiness and is often displayed how they act in the clinical setting and treat their patients. This study was conducted to assess the level of happiness among nursing faculties working in various colleges of Uttar Pradesh, India. Materials & Methods: Descriptive research design was used in study. The study was conducted among nursing faculties employed in Government and Private nursing colleges of Uttar Pradesh. Through Snow ball sampling method data was gathered among 79 nursing faculties from different nursing colleges. Structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data from the samples. Structured self-administered questionnaire consists of two parts. Part A consists of questions related to demographic data such as Age in Years, Gender, Education, Nature of Job, Annual Income, Marital status and Employment of Spouse. Part B of the tool consists of Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Results: The mean score of Oxford Happiness Questionnaire of this study is 4.3. Lowest score is 1 and highest score is 5.9. 56.96% of the participants score was between 4 –5. It indicates the majority of the participants of this study was rather happy or pretty happy. 17.72% of the participants score was in between 5 – 6, which indicates they are very happy. 20.25% OF participants score was in between 3 – 4, and it was interpreted as neutral (not really happy/ unhappy). Oxford Happiness Questionnaire score of 2.53 samples was in between 2 – 3 (somewhat happy). 1.27 % of the samples score was 1, which indicates that they are not happy. Conclusion: Results of our study revealed that majority of nursing faculties working in nursing colleges were found pretty happy. Interestingly level of happiness of nursing faculties participated in this study had no association with the demographic variables such as age, gender, education, nature of Job, annual Income, marital status and employment of spouse etc.

The Relative Contribution of Mindfulness and Gratitude in Predicting Happiness among University Students

The present study aims at identifying the separate and interactive contribution of gratitude and mindfulness in predicting happiness; examining the relationship between these variables; identifying differences between students with high happiness and students with low happiness in gratitude and mindfulness; and identifying the levels of gratitude, mindfulness, and happiness among the students of Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University. The research sample consisted of 447 female students aged 18-25 years. The research instruments included the Toronto Mindfulness Scale, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, as well as the Gratitude, Resentment, and Appreciation Test-Short form. The study found out that gratitude and mindfulness had a significant contribution in predicting happiness among university students (31% and 41.5%, respectively). The interaction between the total scores of mindfulness and gratitude contributed 51.5% of the variance in happiness among university students. The interaction between mindfulness, sense of abundance, and simple appreciation contributed 54.4% of the variance in happiness among university students. The study found a positive correlation between mindfulness, gratitude (sense of abundance, simple appreciation, appreciation of others), and happiness. Additionally, it was found that students at Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University had moderate levels of mindfulness and moderate to high levels of gratitude and happiness. The sense of abundance domain was moderate, the simple appreciation domain was high, and the appreciation of others domain was moderate. Mindfulness, gratitude, sense of abundance, simple appreciation, and appreciation of others increased among the students with high happiness. Received: 8 March 2021 / Accepted: 22 June 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

PERAN PENYESUAIAN DIRI SEBAGAI MEDIATOR DARI PENGARUH RELIGIUSITAS TERHADAP KEBAHAGIAAN SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN

This study aimed to observe to what extent the self-adaptation has a role as mediator in the correlation of religiosity and happiness. It involved 204 new santri in Islamic Boarding School X in Bekasi. This study used the scale of Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) as developed by Hills and Argyle, Indonesian Psychological Measurement of Islamic Religiousness (I-PMIR) developed by Abu-Raiya, et al. adapted into Indonesia Language by Salsabila, et al. and student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) by Baker and Siryk. Data were analized using exploratory factor analysis by means of software SPSS 20 and PROCESS macro analysis through SPSS 20 software. The results of this study showed that religiosity positively affecting self-adaptation and happiness, and self-adaptation mediated the effects of religiosity on happiness. Thus, the hypothesis in this study was accepted.

FENOMENA INTERVENSI HARAPAN TERHADAP KEBAHAGIAAN PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL TAHAP AKHIR DENGAN HEMODIALISIS

Pendahuluan: Hemodialisis sebagai salah satu metode pengobatan pasien Penyakit Ginjal Tahap Akhir menimbulkan banyak dampak psikologis yang mempengaruhi kebahagiaan pasien. Kondisi tidak bahagia menyebabkan turunnya imunitas, ketidakpatuhan regimen terapeutik dan rendahnya kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisis. Intervensi harapan diperlukan sebagai salah satu metode dalam meningkatkan kebahagiaan pasien hemodialisis. Tujuan: Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan fenomena intervensi harapan dalam mempengaruhi kebahagiaan pada pasien penyakit ginjal tahap akhir. Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pemaparan studi kasus melalui pendekatan asuhan keperawatan yakni pengkajian, penegakan diagnosa keperawatan, perencanaan, implementasi, dan evaluasi keperawatan. Tindakan keperawatan non farmakologis berupa intervensi harapan dilakukan sebanyak 8 sesi dan di ukur menggunakan alat ukur kebahagiaan yaitu Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran awal kebahagiaan menggunakan Oxford Happiness Questionnaire didapatkan hasil bahwa level kebahagiaan pasien adalah 3 (tidak bahagia) dan meningkat menjadi 5 (bahagia) setelah dilakukan intervensi. Kebahagiaan pasien penyakit ginjal tahap akhir yang menjalani hemodialisa dipengaruhi oleh kondisi psikologis, status pernikahan, hubungan seksual, tingkat ekonomi, kondisi fisik dan sangat berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan pasien dalam menjalankan pengobatan. Kesimpulan: Intervensi harapan merupakan intervensi mandiri keperawatan yang dapat dilakukan baik secara mandiri dan berkelompok demi meningkatkan kebahagiaan pasien penyakit ginjal tahap akhir yang menjalani hemodialisa. Kata Kunci: Gagal Ginjal Kronis; Hemodialisis; Intervensi Harapan; Kebahagiaan; Penyakit Ginjal Tahap Akhir.

Role of Happiness: Mediating Digital Technology and Job Performance Among Lecturers

PurposeHappiness has been the most important goal for humans throughout history and is a significant issue among university lecturers facing a rapid digital technology change. It is usually described as a well-being state, feeling satisfied and contented, consisting of positive happenings in an individual’s life concerning the social, spiritual, economic, psychological, and physiological spheres. This research examines the relationship between happiness, attitudes toward technology, and lecturers’ job performance in higher education.Design and MethodologyThis research design was a cross-sectional design that asked the respondents from lecturers of Institut Teknologi Bandung, one of the best universities with technology-based education in Indonesia, to complete a group of well-validated questionnaires. The questionnaires mentioned earlier include the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and three other newly constructed questionnaires, made to measure attitude toward digital technology, job satisfaction, and job performance.FindingsThis research confirmed that happiness fully mediated the relationship between attitude toward digital technology and job performance. Additionally, this research also confirmed that happiness partially mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance. These results implied that a positive attitude toward digital technology and higher job satisfaction would lead to happier lecturers who increase their job performance.OriginalityThis study suggests that a positive attitude toward technology has a higher impact than job satisfaction as determinant factors of happiness and its association with lecturers’ job performance such as universities, especially Institut Teknologi Bandung as a technologically advanced workplace environment. Additionally, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire framework, frequently used in studies of other countries, is now being used in the context of an Indonesian case study, precisely to measure happiness among lecturers in Indonesian higher education.

Do Happy Children Become Happy Adults?

Many psychological theories emphasize the significance of early childhood events. A review of the literature reveals that studies concentrate on the consequences of adverse childhood experiences on the physical and mental health of individuals. A few studies have so far examined the effects of positive childhood experiences on mental health. This research aims to investigate the relationship between positive childhood experiences and happiness. 695 adults (488 female and 207 male) participated in the study. Positive Childhood Experiences Scale served to gather the data regarding the childhood experiences, and The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire is employed to measure the happiness of the participants. According to the results of this study, a positive correlation was found between positive childhood experiences and happiness. Positive childhood experiences explain 23% of happiness and 24% of life satisfaction. In parallel to positive childhood experiences points, the happiness and life satisfaction of the participants also increases. According to the happiness level of participants, those who inform to be very happy have higher levels of positive childhood experiences in comparison to those who feel a moderate level of happiness or declare to be unhappy. The results are discussed in the context of the literature.

Well-Being dan Happiness Pengemis Jalanan di Surabaya

- The phenomenon of street beggars to be one of the problems in Surabaya city. Life in the city, will bring psychological burden such as dissatisfaction, loss of life spirit, inner problems and problems to others, etc. Consequences received as street beggars can also elicit other psychological problems. This study is a descriptive study that aims to know the picture of well- being and happiness on street beggars in Surabaya. Sampling was done by snowball sampling and obtained the number of samples of 80 subjects. Data were taken using a questionnaire from the adaptation scale of Ryff's Scale of Psychological Well-Being (PWB) and the adaptation scale of Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ). The results showed that the well-being of street beggars tends to be high as much as 34%, 60% tends to be moderate and 6% tends to be low.. Street beggars have a high well-being because most of them are able to realize the purpose of life according to their standard of living. The joy of street beggars is known amongst them; quite happy (31%), feeling happier or happier (34%), and feeling unhappy (35%). Keywords: well-being, happiness, street beggars. Abstrak - Fenomena pengemis jalanan menjadi salah satu permasalahan di kota Surabaya. Kehidupan di kota memunculkan beban psikologis seperti ketidakpuasan, kehilangan semangat hidup, masalah batin dan masalah terhadap orang lain. Konsekuensi yang diterima sebagai pengemis jalanan juga dapat memunculkan permasalahan psikologis lainnya. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran well-being dan happiness pada pengemis jalanan yang ada di Kota Surabaya. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan snowball sampling dan diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 subjek. Data diambil menggunakan kuesioner dari skala adaptasi dari Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-Being (PWB) dan skala adaptasi dari Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ). Hasil penelitian diketahui well-being yang dimiliki pengemis jalanan cenderung tinggi sebanyak 34%, cenderung sedang 60% dan cenderung rendah 6%. Pengemis jalanan memiliki well-being yang tinggi dikarenakan kebanyakan dari mereka mampu merealisasikan tujuan hidup sesuai dengan standar hidup mereka masing- masing. Kebahagiaan pengemis jalanan diketahui diantaranya; cukup bahagia (31%), merasa lebih bahagia atau bahagia (34%), serta merasa tidak bahagia (35%). Kata kunci: kesejahteraan, kebahagiaan, pengemis jalanan