scholarly journals Differences in the Nasal Inflammatory Response to Cynodon dactylon From Rural and Urban Areas in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 215265671881587
Author(s):  
Jorge Sánchez ◽  
Andres Sánchez ◽  
Jorge Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that air pollution has a negative impact on human health and modifies the environment. However, the clinical implications of changes in environmental allergens secondary to air pollution have been little studied. Objectives To explore if the growth conditions of the Cynodon dactylon (rural vs urban area) modify the inflammatory response among patients with allergic rhinitis. Methodology: Two extracts were prepared for diagnostic test with Cyn d proteins obtained from rural and urban environment. Skin prick test (SPT), nasal challenge test (NCT), and eosinophil count in nasal mucus were performed in 3 groups: healthy subjects without rhinitis, rhinitis with (+) Cyn d, and rhinitis with (−) Cyn d. Results There was a 97% concordance in the positive and negative results of the SPT with the 2 extracts. However, Cyn d-urban extract generated larger wheals ( P = .03) and a higher number of patients with rhinitis presented a positive NCT to this extract (n = 7 vs 14, P = .04). Patients with positive NCT had a significant increase in eosinophils in mucus, but there was no difference between the extracts. The healthy controls did not react to the extracts tested in the skin or nasal test. Conclusion The findings suggest that the growth conditions in urban area of Cynodon dactylon can generate changes in the protein extract and have clinical implications in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Effects of Selected Rhinologic Disorders on the Perception of Nasal Resonance in Children

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Rastatter ◽  
Melvin Hyman
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Nasal Resonance

A group of sophisticated listeners judged the nasal resonance characteristics of normal children versus children evidencing selected rhinologic disorders under three speaking conditions. Results showed that perceptions of denasality are influenced by both speakers and speaking tasks. That is, children with allergic rhinitis and edemic adenoids were perceived as being denasal when they produced VCV utterances and recited sentences. However, their resonance characteristics were deemed normal for vowel productions. Interestingly, children with severely deviated septums were judged to have normal nasal resonance under all speaking conditions. Clinical implications are discussed.

Atopic dermatitis: new horizons of therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Kruglova ◽  
E. M. Gensler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
The Past

Over the past decades, the first breakthrough milestone in the treatment of severe forms of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been targeted therapy aimed at inhibiting IL-4 and IL-13. This was made possible thanks to advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, the driver of which is the Th2-type immune response, which also underlies such manifestations of atopy as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and polynosis. In the case of the Th2-type immune response, cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 are secreted, which are the main promoters of the inflammatory response in AD. Inhibition of IL-4 and IL-13 leads to the prevention of inflammation and is an effective approach to therapy. The use of therapy aimed at inhibition of cytokines allows you to effectively cope with the manifestations of severe and moderately severe blood pressure.

scholarly journals Impacts of primary emissions and secondary aerosol formation on air pollution in an urban area of China during the COVID-19 lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 106426
Author(s):  
Jie Tian ◽  
Qiyuan Wang ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Mengyuan Yan ◽  
Huikun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Secondary Aerosol ◽  
Primary Emissions

scholarly journals Early childhood traffic-related air pollution and risk of allergic rhinitis at 2–4 years of age modification by family stress and male gender: a case-control study in Shenyang, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Hao ◽  
Fang Yuan ◽  
Pai Pang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Xuejun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Family Stress ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Early Exposure ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Few studies have explored the modifications by family stress and male gender in the relationship between early exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and allergic rhinitis (AR) risk in preschool children. Methods We conducted a case-control study of 388 children aged 2–4 years in Shenyang, China. These children AR were diagnosed by clinicians. By using measured concentrations from monitoring stations, we estimated the exposures of particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in preschool children aged 2–4 years. After adjusted potential confounding factors, we used logistic regression model to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for childhood AR with exposure to different air pollutants according to the increasing of the interquartile range (IQR) in the exposure level. Results The prevalence of AR in children aged 2–4 years (6.4%) was related to early TRAP exposure. With an IQR (20 μg/m3) increase in PM10 levels, an adjusted OR was significantly elevated by 1.70 (95% CI, 1.19 to 2.66). Also, with an IQR (18 μg/m3) increase in NO2, an elevated adjusted OR was 1.85 (95% CI, 1.52 to 3.18). Among children with family stress and boys, PM10 and NO2 were positively related to AR symptoms. No significant association was found among children without family stress and girls. Conclusions Family stress and male gender may increase the risk of AR in preschool children with early exposure to PM10 and NO2.

Cough as the sole manifestation of airway hyperreactivity

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 680-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Frans ◽  
J Van Den Eeckhaut
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Airway Hyperreactivity ◽  
Bronchial Reactivity ◽  
Inhaled Steroids ◽  
Reactivity Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Predominantly Female

Abstract The authors report 18 patients who presented to the ENT department with isolated cough, which had begun one month to 14 years previously. As the ENT examination was negative, the patients were referred to the Department of General Medicine where a bronchial reactivity test with acetylcholine was found to be positive, leading to a diagnosis of airway hyperreactivity. The group was predominantly female (15/18) and atopy was rare; indeed, only one patient, who had a history of allergic rhinitis, was found to be atopic. Bronchodilators and inhaled steroids cured or helped the cough in 16/18 patients. When a patient presents with chronic cough without other respiratory symptoms it is important to consider a diagnosis of airway hyperreactivity and to confirm this with a challenge test of bronchoconstriction

scholarly journals Yiqi Wenyang Fang ameliorates allergic rhinitis through inhibiting inflammatory response and promoting the expression of Foxp3

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Shihai Yan ◽  
Daonan Yan
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Tgf Β1

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disease with a hypersensitivity response to environmental stimulus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Yiqi Wenyang Fang (YWF) on AR and investigate the underlying mechanism. A total of 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (normal control, model control, YWF at low dose, YWF at median dose, YWF at high dose, and loratadine). Rats were injected with antigen for sensitization. Then, rats in the YWF groups were treated with different dose of YWF for 28 days. Loratadine was used as a positive control. Number of sneezes, degree of runny nose, nasal rubbing movements, and tissue damage were scored. The protein and mRNA expression of Foxp3 were determined by western blot and real time-PCR analysis, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells. The content of interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), IL-13, and IL-4 in the serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Scores of symptoms were significantly reduced and nasal mucosa damage was alleviated after YWF administration. YWF increased the expression of Foxp3, IL-10, TGF-β1, and number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells which were reduced by antigen injection. The expression levels of IL-13 and IL-4 were increased after antigen administration while decreased after YWF treatment. YWF may ameliorate AR through inhibiting inflammatory response and promoting Foxp3 expression.

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