scholarly journals Does Generation Moderate the Effect of Total Rewards on Employee Retention? Evidence From Jordan

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402095703
Author(s):  
Ayman Alhmoud ◽  
Husam Rjoub
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Extrinsic Rewards ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Rewards ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Social Rewards

Skill shortages along with changes in employee demographics have required that employers reconsider hitherto undifferentiated retention strategies in favor of a more targeted approach that accounts for precisely which total reward factors induce retention among talented employees. One notable gap in corresponding research is insufficient empirical data regarding the impact of employees’ generation on the relation between total rewards and retention. This article addresses existed gab(s) in the literature by exploring how total rewards—categorized into extrinsic, intrinsic, and social rewards—influence retention among two distinct groups in today’s labor force, Generation X and Generation Y, via surveys conducted among schoolteachers in Jordan. A total of 250 copies of structured questionnaire were administered to the high school teachers in the eastern areas of Jordan, while partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed for the model analysis, and multigroup analysis was conducted to determine the moderating effects of generations. Findings revealed that no statistically significant difference in terms of the total rewards–employee retention relationship exists between the two generations. For both generations, extrinsic rewards had a significant impact on retention, while social rewards had none. Intrinsic rewards proved effective among Generation Y though not Generation X employees although the difference was minimal. Ultimately, in recruiting and managing employees of both generations in Jordan’s education sector, the results of this study indicate that employers should channel their resources primarily into providing attractive extrinsic rewards.

scholarly journals The Impact of Environmental and Social Responsibility on Customer Loyalty: A Multigroup Analysis among Generations X and Y

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6466
Author(s):  
Ovidiu-Ioan Moisescu ◽  
Oana-Adriana Gică
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Corporate Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Multigroup Analysis ◽  
Generational Groups ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the current study was to comparatively estimate, for generation X and generation Y, the impact of corporate environmental and social responsibility on customer loyalty, via customer–company identification and customer satisfaction as mediators. For this, a survey was conducted among a sample of telecom customers, comprising 445 members of generation X, and 601 of generation Y. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis. Results revealed that the impact of corporate environmental responsibility on customer loyalty is significantly higher within generation Y, while the social facet of corporate responsibility is more relevant for customers from generation X. The current study contributes to the literature by developing and testing, within multiple generational groups, a theoretical model which outlines the links between environmental and social responsibility and customer outcomes. As these relationships have been scarcely analyzed in the context of age cohort membership as a moderator, our study fills an important literature gap, emphasizing significant differences between generations X and Y. The findings have relevant implications for the effective communication of corporate environmental and social responsibility activities, providing important insights on how messages and communication channels should be adapted to generations X and Y as target audiences.

scholarly journals The Influences of Justice and Trust on the Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Generation X and Generation Y

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Amphaphorn Leelamanothum ◽  
Khahan Na-Nan ◽  
Sungworn Ngudgratoke
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Multiple Groups

This study aimed to study the influences of justice and trust on the organizational citizenship behavior. The questionnaire respondents were the workers at Rajamangala University of Technology. Data analysis was done through structural equation modeling to test the purpose model and compare between the groups via multiple groups analysis approach. It was found that justice and trust have a positive statistical significant influence on organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover, justice has a positive statistical significant influence on trust. Generation X and Generation Y differently perceive the influences of justice and trust on organizational citizenship behavior. Generation X paid attention to the influence of justice on the organizational citizenship behavior while generation Y paid attention to the influence of trust on justice, the chief will implement justice in the organization for both generations to build trust in the chief and the organization. This would lead to future achievements in the organization. 

Satisfaction with work and person–environment fit: are there intergenerational differences? An examination through person–job, person–group and person–supervisor fit

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrée-Anne Deschênes
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generational Diversity ◽  
Managerial Practices

PurposeThrough three dimensions of person–environment (PE) fit, namely person–job (PJ) fit, person–group (PG) fit and person–supervisor (PS) fit, this paper examines generational differences on which dimension is more important to explain Baby Boomers', Generation X's and Generation Y's satisfaction with work.Design/methodology/approachGathered from a sample of 1,065 employees in the province of Québec, Canada, data were analyzed through one-way ANOVA and structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings suggest that Generation X scored lower on satisfaction with work, that there is a difference in the level of PG fit and PS fit between the generations, and that PJ fit explains satisfaction with work for all generations, while PG fit is significant only for Generation Y employees.Practical implicationsThis paper sheds light on the importance for practitioners, when implementing human resource (HR) policies and strategies aiming to increase satisfaction with work, of prioritizing PJ fit and to consider PG fit for Generation Y members.Originality/valueThis research provides a meaningful contribution to current knowledge on generational diversity in the workplace and its impact on managerial practices by examining different levels of satisfaction with work and of PJ, PG and PS fit for three generations and the importance of each type of fit in explaining satisfaction with work for theses generations.

scholarly journals EXPANDING FRUIT PRODUCT MARKET THROUGH BRAND, SALES AND DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL AND PRODUCT QUALITY

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Kha Do Duc ◽  
Tuan Nguyen Anh ◽  
Chinh Pham Duc ◽  
Tu Huynh Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Product Market ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

This paper focuses on determining three basic factors affecting the capture of market share and expansion of the fruit product market, namely brand, sales and distribution channel and product quality. We seek to answer if there is a significant difference between fruit products which are of high quality, well-branded, distributed and sold through an established system and those without. If yes, whether it can be measured. To find out the difference, we compared prices of fruit products of strong brands and sold in an established sales and distribution system and similar fruit products without brand and sales and distribution system. To measure the impact of these three factors on the possibility in capturing market share of the products, we employed Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) is utilized to inspect the extent that each factor affects the expansion of fruit product consuming market, thereby evaluating the situation and proposing solutions. Quantitative data is obtained from fruit producers in Long An, Tien Giang, Vinh Long, Ben Tre, Can Tho, Hau Giang, and Dong Thap as well as from consumers in provinces and Ho Chi Minh City in the period from October to December, 2013.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT - EXAMPLE OF UNDEVELOPED VILLAGES IN REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

2021 ◽  
Vol XIX (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the research in this paper is to determine which factors the local population identifies as those that can, through the development of tourism, most influence or predict rural development or revitalization in the Republic of Serbia. In order to examine this, the survey was conducted during 2019, on a total sample of 680 respondents, in 45 rural municipalities in the country. The authors used a modified questionnaire, containing four groups of factors, with adequate 22 questions for research on a given issue. The SPSS AMOS software, version 26.00, was used for data analysis and processing. The authors checked the reliability of the questionnaire, whose value proved to be very good, and confirmed the grouping into exactly four groups of factors by Factor analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis yielded average scores for given items. The obtained suitability indices indicated the agreement of the Structural structural equation modeling (SEM) with the data, as well as the quality of the research and the confirmation of the hypotheses. The obtained results of the SEM analysis showed that there is no statistically significant difference in the impact of given factors in predicting rural development, and that the local population has a positive attitude about the impact of tourism on rural development.

scholarly journals Influences of career establishment strategies on generation Y’s self-directedness career

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 435-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siew Chin Wong ◽  
Roziah Mohd Rasdi
Keyword(s):  
Generation Y ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of generation Y’s career establishment strategies on self-directedness career and to determine the moderation effect of gender on the relationship. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 188 full-time employees from different functional areas and departments of selected MNCs in Malaysian Electrical and Electronic Industry. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to examine the influences of establishment strategies and the moderating role of gender on self-directedness career. Findings Findings show that there are significant positive relationship between career strategies and self-directedness career at career establishment stages of generation Y. There is a significant difference between males and females in career establishment strategy (i.e. creating career opportunities) and self-directedness career. Research limitations/implications This paper explains self-directedness career based on the review of related career literatures whereby some may not specifically referring to Generation Y. Practical implications Such insights are useful for HRD practitioners dto develop relevant HRD interventions to assist individuals and organizations in career development. Originality/value This paper offers new insight into the predictors of self-directedness career and the moderating role of gender on the relationships.

scholarly journals Decision Making in Personal Insurance: Impact of Insurance Literacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weedige ◽  
Ouyang ◽  
Gao ◽  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Specialized Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Personal Insurance

Financial illiteracy and underinsurance have been revealed to be critical issues in the financial sustainability and well-being of families. However, studies show that financial literacy does not necessarily translate to insurance literacy, and more specialized education can improve insurance literacy. Little is known about the impact of insurance illiteracy on the inclination to seek and retain insurance. Considering this gap, our study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect effect of consumers’ insurance literacy on purchasing decisions of personal insurance. The study sample consists of middle-class consumers in Sri Lanka. A total of 300 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed using a variance-based structural equation modeling. The results revealed that insurance literacy directly, and through its mediators of trust, perceived benefits, and favorable attitudes towards insurance, impacts the behavioral intention, significantly and positively. The cognition-based trust affected the purchase intention only through its mediators. Additionally, there is a significant difference between those who are having and not having insurance in terms of insurance literacy, trustfulness, and perceived value of insurance. This study is relatively a pioneer study, and findings will be of great interest to academicians and policymakers to encourage personal insurance as a tool in achieving financial security and well-being

scholarly journals The Impact of Employee Engagement on Employee Retention: The Role of Psychological Capital, Control at Work, General Well-Being and Job Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Tehseena Ashraf ◽  
Danish Ahmed Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
The Impact

Employee engagement and retention is a promising area in management as well as psychology. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of employee engagement (EE) on their retention (ER). We proposed a theoretical framework model explaining how employee engagement affects their retention. The original model linked engagement with control at work (CAW) and general well-being (GWB) through psychological capital (PsyCap). We extended this model by linking CAW and GWB to employee retention. We further added job satisfaction (JS) as a mediator between EE and ER. To establish its empirical validity, we conducted a survey from 200 employees working in different companies in Pakistan by using a close ended likert scale type questionnaire. Data was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Findings suggested a positive significant relationship between EE and ER. PsyCap, CAW and JS play a significant mediator role for EE and ER, only GWB does not mediates the relationship between EE and ER. This research will help in understanding how to retain employees and mounting their psychological capital through training and development, since when employees will be happy and motivated, they can perform well and will have job satisfaction. As a result, the level of intention of employees to leave would be low. This study is preliminary the first to investigate the association between EE and ER through many other constructs (PsyCap, CAW, GWB and JS) in the Pakistani context.

scholarly journals Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) Approach On Inappropriate Construction Equipment Delay Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1156-1168
Author(s):  
B. Indhu ◽  
K. Yogeswari
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Construction Equipment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
The Impact

The advancement of construction equipment is a trend in the construction industry, with numerous benefits. However, using inappropriate construction equipment causes delays in construction projects, affecting the firm's reputation. A number of research studies on overall delay have been conducted globally. Even so, there is a lack of research on construction delays caused by inappropriate construction equipment. The aim of this paper is to investigate the inappropriate construction equipment delay factors and their effects on the firm's reputation. Based on the issues identified in the focus group interviews and the literature survey, a questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the impact of these factors on the progress of Indian construction projects. The primary constraint was that all 300 responses were collected in person from construction professionals to avoid lethargic responses that could skew the results. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to determine the positive strength of each factor's relationship. A t-test was used to see if there was a significant difference between the respondents' firm categories. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to validate the effective relationship between the causes of delays due to inappropriate construction equipment and its impact on company's reputation. All of the factors examined by the SEM analysis evidenced that the inappropriate construction equipment factors are correlated among themselves and combined to impact the reputation of the company. Recommendations are made to overcome the inappropriate equipment delay factors. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091717 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals The Impact of Knowledge Management Process on Job Satisfaction and Employee Retention

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-130
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Employee Retention ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Knowledge Management Processes

Knowledge management has become a vital element in today's extremely competitive, uncertain, and quickly changing environment. The method of acquiring expertise is knowledge management. In the highly competitive, volatile, and rapidly evolving market climate, knowledge management has become crucial. The goal line of this study is to measure the effect of knowledge management processes (acquisition, share, codification, creation, and retention of knowledge) on job satisfaction. Further, we examine the affiliation between job satisfaction and employee retention. A theoretical model is suggested based on connecting knowledge management processes, job satisfaction, and employee retention. The results of survey data gathered from 32pharmaceutical and chemical companies listed in the Dhaka Stock Exchange in Bangladesh are empirically checked with PLS-SEM (Structural Equation Modeling-Partially Least Square). The study finds that knowledge management processes have a significant and positive impact on job satisfaction. Also, job satisfaction is positively associated and highly significant with employee retention. The findings generated from this study would be a policy dialog to the human resource department, regulatory bodies, academicians, and policy-makers.

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