scholarly journals Prevalence and Detailed Experience of Nightmare and Nightmare Disorder in Chinese University Students

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402110141
Author(s):  
Chu Wang ◽  
Jiayao Xu ◽  
Mufan Wang ◽  
Xu Shao ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Nightmare Disorder ◽  
The University

Nightmares influence the mental health of university students, but the prevalence of nightmare and nightmare disorder requires additional documentation. The data of detailed nightmare experience of nightmare disorder and related depressive mood in this population are also scarce. First, a total of 1,451 students in a comprehensive Chinese university were invited to report their nightmare frequency. Sixty-eight patients with nightmare disorder were diagnosed using a semi-structured clinical interview according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Second, 60 patients with nightmare disorder (8 of 68 patients were dismissed due to data incompletion) and 124 gender-matched, healthy students were invited to answer the Nightmare Experience Questionnaire (NEQ) and the Plutchik-van Praag Depression Inventory (PVP). Of 1,451 students, 923 reported nightmares (its annual prevalence was 63.61%), and 68 were diagnosed with nightmare disorder (its prevalence was 4.69%), with a female preponderance. The mean PVP and four NEQ scale scores in patients were higher than those in healthy students. The PVP scores were correlated with NEQ Physical Effect in patients, and with Negative Emotion in healthy students. This is the first report regarding nightmare disorder prevalence and detailed nightmare experience in university students. The findings of a high prevalence of nightmare disorder in women and elevated scores of nightmare experience among patients in the university population might help address the mechanisms and the management of patients with nightmare disorder.

Psycho-Educational Evaluations for University Students in One Clinic

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Cellucci ◽  
Petra Remsperger ◽  
Erin McGlade
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
University Students ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The University

The number of university students requesting services based on the Americans with Disabilities Act for learning disabilities and ADHD-related difficulties has increased, although there are limited reports in the literature describing these evaluations. The current study describes a sample of 140 individuals (59% women) who presented for psycho-educational evaluation at the university psychology clinic. The students were individually administered self-report, cognitive, academic, and attention measures as indicated, and diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Difficulties with mathematics, attention, and reading concerns were the most frequent presenting complaints. 46 students met criteria for one or more learning disorders and 20 students met criteria for a diagnosis of ADHD. Test scores are summarized and findings compared with the literature.

Risk Perception on Nuclear Energy Safety among Chinese University Students

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 4273-4280
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Ling Ling Luo ◽  
Tao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
University Students ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Chinese University Students ◽  
The University

This paper aims to evaluate the university students’ perception towards nuclear energy safety in China. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 300 students who came from Northeastern University and Shenyang Jianzhu University during the period from October ,2011 to May, 2012.The results of the questionnaire survey show that the students’ concerns are not only related to their general risk perception and attitudes to nuclear energy, but also strongly related to the comparison of gender differences of risk perception and attitude on nuclear energy safety between study majors. Therefore, the results of this study provide useful information for risk management and implications of future nuclear energy policy for Chinese governments.

scholarly journals The sense of social control felt on university students' romantic relationshipsÜniversite öğrencilerinin romantik ilişkileri üzerinde hissetttikleri sosyal kontrol algısı

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilmiye Aksu ◽  
Sevgi Özsoy ◽  
Tuğba Dündar
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
The University

This study aimed  was carried out in order to determine whether third and fourth year students from nursing, midwifery and nutrition-dietetics department felt the control of their parents and the environment in premarital romantic relationships. The study population consisted of 1530 students studying at Aydın Health High School, Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Nutrition-Dietetic at Adnan Menderes University in the academic year 2015-2016. The sample of the study was determined by stratification sampling method and 310 students were included in the sample. In the collection of the data The questionnaire consisting of the questions about the socio-demographic characteristics of the students and the Social Control Scale Toward Engage In Premarital Romantic Relationship were used Descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test were used in the evaluation of the data. 84.2% of the students participated in the study were women, 15.8% were male, 55.5% of them were in the nursing department, 26,8% midwifery and 17,7% nutrition-dietetics department and 56.1% of them were in their third year and 43,9% fourth year. 50.6% of the students stated that they stayed in the dorm, and 50.3% said that they had flirt.The students who participated in the survey that the average score of in the Social Control Scale Toward Engage In Premarital Romantic Relationship was 34.44±9.35. There were  significant relationships among the total scale scores of university students  and their gender, the class and department they  attend, the presence of their dating relations, the longest living place and the economic situation of the family (p<0.05).According to the average score of the university students' social control scale are slightly above the average the social control perceptions. It is seen that social control was higher in women, those who attended in the nutrition-dietetics department, and those who are the third-grade students, whose family has the equivalent to the income expense, who live in the longest time in the town and who do not have dating relations. For this reason, training and counseling related to gender roles should be provided in counseling centers in universities. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.  ÖzetBu araştırma hemşirelik, ebelik ve beslenme-diyetetik bölümü üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin evlilik öncesi yaşanan romantik ilişkilerinde ebeveynlerinin ve çevrenin kontrolünü hissedip hissetmediklerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2015-2016 eğitim-öğretim yılında Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Aydın Sağlık Yüksekokulu Hemşirelik, Ebelik, Beslenme- Diyetetik Bölümleri’nde öğrenim gören 1530 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklemi tabakalama örneklem yöntemi ile belirlenmiş ve 310 öğrenci örneklemde yer almıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında öğrencilerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerine ilişkin sorulardan oluşan soru formu ve Evlilik Öncesinde Romantik İlişki Yaşamada Sosyal Kontrol Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, t testi, ANOVA ve Kruskal Wallis Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %84,2’si kadın, %15,8’i erkek, %55,5’i hemşirelik, %26,8 ebelik, %17,7 bslenme-diyetetik bölümünde ve %56,1’i üçüncü, %43,9’u dördüncü sınıfta okumaktadır. Öğrencilerin %50,6’sı yurtta kaldığını, %50,3’ü flörtünün olduğunu dile getirmiştir.Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin Evlilik Öncesinde Romantik İlişki Yaşamada Sosyal Kontrol Ölçeği’nden aldıkları ortalama puan 34.44±9.35 olarak belirlenmiştir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin ölçekten aldıkları toplam puanlar ile cinsiyetleri, okudukları sınıf ve bölüm, flörtlerinin varlığı, en uzun süre yaşanılan yer ve ailenin ekonomik durumu arasında anlamlı ilişkiler saptanmıştır (p<0,05).Üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal kontrol ölçeğinden aldıkları toplam puan ortalamasına göre, sosyal kontrol algıları ortalamanın biraz üzerindedir. Sosyal kontrolün, kadın olan, beslenme-diyetetik bölümünde okuyan, üçünü sınıf öğrencisi olan, ailesinin gelir giderine denk olan, en uzun süre kasabada yaşayan ve flörtü olmayan öğrencilerde daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Bu nedenle üniversitelerdeki danışmanlık merkezlerinde toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin eğitimler yapılmalı ve danışmanlıklar verilmelidir.

Nightmare experience and personality disorder functioning styles in healthy volunteers and nightmare disorder patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-294
Author(s):  
Xu Shao ◽  
Chu Wang ◽  
Chanchan Shen ◽  
Yanli Jia ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Personality Measure ◽  
Personality Adjustment ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Nightmare Disorder ◽  
Meaning Interpretation ◽  
Experience Questionnaire

Nightmares are prevalent in psychiatric disorders, and personality disorder features might be associated with nightmare experience, especially in nightmare disorder patients. The authors invited 219 healthy volunteers and 118 nightmare disorder patients to undergo tests of the Nightmare Experience Questionnaire (NEQ), the Parker Personality Measure (PERM), and the Plutchik-van Praag Depression Inventory. Compared to healthy volunteers, nightmare disorder patients scored significantly higher on annual nightmare frequency and NEQ Physical Effect, Negative Emotion, Meaning Interpretation, and Horrible Stimulation, and higher on PERM Paranoid, Schizotypal, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Avoidant, and Dependent styles. Borderline, Schizotypal, and Passive-Aggressive styles in healthy volunteers and Dependent, Avoidant, Histrionic, and Paranoid in patients were significant predictors of some NEQ scales. Higher annual nightmare frequency, higher scale scores of nightmare experience and personality disorder styles, and more associations between the two were found in nightmare disorder patients, implying the need for personality-adjustment therapy for nightmare disorder.

High Prevalence of Myopia and High Myopia in 5060 Chinese University Students in Shanghai

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 7504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Jibo Zhou ◽  
Peiquan Zhao ◽  
Jingcai Lian ◽  
Huang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chinese University Students

scholarly journals A Comparison of Shisha Smoking among University students in Palestine, Jordan and Turkey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hawash ◽  
Rami Mosleh ◽  
Ahmad Hanani ◽  
Yazun Jarar ◽  
Yousef Hajyousef
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Middle East ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The University ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background: Smoking is one of the main causes that is related to lung cancer. It was estimated that tobacco smoking may kill 10 million people annually in the next 20–30 years, and Shisha smoking was very common habit worldwide during the last 20 years, especially in the Middle East. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of shisha smoking and make a comparison between three different countries in the Middle East, and establishing factors associated with shisha smoking among students in universities in Palestine, Jordan and Turkey. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was carried out among university students from 3 different Middle East countries; Palestine, Jordan, and Turkey. A total of 812 students were selected for the study. They were asked to answer an online structured questionnaire consisted of questions concerning prevalence and patterns of Shisha smoking, and associated factors. Data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: The overall prevalence of Shisha smoking was 31.77%. Less than quarter of university students (21.67%) had smoked shisha before. The highest percentage of current Shisha smokers were Palestinians (36.11%), and lowest percentage was from Turkey (20.23%). Approximately 43% of Shisha smokers believe that they will be addicted to Shisha smoking and almost half of them smoke Shisha daily. Approximately, 66% of Jordanian students’ current Shisha smokers were smoking shisha at least once daily while the 44% of Turkish students’ current shisha smokers were smoking shisha once monthly. The highest percentage of Shisha smokers were university students aged 25 years old and above. However, highest percentages of university students who are Shisha smokers were low monthly income’s students. The university students living with their families were smoking Shisha less frequently than students’ living in private residencies. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of Shisha smoking among university students. The highest percentage of university students smoking Shisha were Palestinians. High percentage of smokers between the students believes that they will be addicted to Shisha smoking. The majority of current Shisha smokers was smoking Shisha daily; especially in Jordan and followed by Palestine. The monthly income was affecting the prevalence of Shisha smoking.

scholarly journals An investigation of university students’ homophobia levels regarding gender and gender rolesÜniversitesi öğrencilerinin homofobi düzeylerinin cinsiyet ve cinsiyet rolleri açısından incelenmesi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 4011
Author(s):  
İsmail Sanberk ◽  
Metehan Çelik ◽  
Mehmet Gök
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University

The aim is to examine the investigation whether gender, gender role and both of them is effective on the homophobia levels among the university students or not. The sample includes 202 girls (63%) and 118 men (37%), total rate 320 students from different departments of Çukurova Univercity. The data is collected through Personal Information Form, Bem Gender Role Invantory and Hudson Ricket Homophobia Scale. The findings reflect that university students’ homophobia levels differ significantly in terms of gender and gender roles. It means that, those men and masculine gender role they have received from homophobia scale scores were significantly higher. However, the gender and the role of gender have not been found to play a significant role on the common effects of homophobia. Özet Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin cinsiyet, cinsiyet rolleri ve her iki değişkenin homofobi düzeyi üzerinde, ortak etki gösterip göstermediğini incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Çukurova Üniversitesinin farklı bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 202’si kız (%63) ve 118’i erkek (%37) olmak üzere toplam 320 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Bem Cinsiyet Rolü ve Hudson ve Ricket Homofobi Ölçekleri aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular üniversite öğrencilerinin homofobi puanlarının cinsiyet ve cinsiyet rolü açısından anlamlı düzeyde farklılaştığını göstermektedir. Buna göre erkekler ve cinsiyet rolü erkeksi olanların homofobi ölçeğinden aldıkları puanlar anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ancak cinsiyet ve cinsiyet rolü ortak etkisinin homofobi üzerinde anlamlı rol oynamadığı tespit edilmiştir.

scholarly journals Water pipe Smoking: Prevalence and Addiction among University students in Palestine, Jordan, and Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
mohammed Hawash ◽  
Rami Mosleh ◽  
Ahmad Hanani ◽  
Yazun Jarar ◽  
Yousef Hajyousef
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Current Water ◽  
The University

Abstract Background Smoking is one of the main causes of lung cancer. It was estimated that tobacco smoking might kill 10 million people annually in the next 20–30 years, and Shisha smoking has been a common habit worldwide during the last 20 years, especially in the Middle East. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Shisha smoking and to make comparisons among three countries in the Middle East, thereby establishing factors associated with shisha smoking among university students in Palestine, Jordan, and Turkey. Method An online cross-sectional study was carried out among university students from Palestine, Jordan, and Turkey. A total of 2030 students were selected for the study. The students were asked to answer an online structured questionnaire consisting of questions concerning the prevalence and patterns of Water pipe smoking and associated factors. Result The overall prevalence of Water pipe smoking was 31.8%. Less than a quarter of university students (21.7%) had ever smoked Water pipe. The highest percentage of current Water pipe smokers were Palestinians (36.11%), and the lowest percentage was from Turkey (20.23%). Approximately 43% of Water pipe smokers believe that they will be addicted to Water pipe smoking and almost half of them smoke Water pipe daily. The highest percentage of Water pipe smokers were university students 25 years old and above. However, the highest percentages of university students who are Water pipe smokers were students with a low monthly income. The university students living with their families were smoking Water pipe less frequently than students living in private residencies. Conclusion This study concludes that there is a high prevalence of Water pipe smoking among university students in Palestine, Jordan, and Turkey. The highest percentage was found among Palestinians, which might be because there are no Water pipe smoking regulations in Palestine, whereas there are in Turkey. Monthly income and living with the family were factors affecting the prevalence of Water pipe smoking.

Comparative characteristics of chosen aspects of tobacco smoking among the students of Poznan University of Medical Sciences and students of vocational medical colleges in Poznań

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Agnieszka Korzeniowska ◽  
Magdalena Pawlaczyk ◽  
Artur Cieślewicz ◽  
Anna Jabłecka
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
University Students ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The University ◽  
Medical Colleges

Objectives: Medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and paramedics are professions placing themselves highest in the rankings of occupations granted public trust. The knowledge of the negative impact of tobacco use on physical condition possessed by those occupational groups ought to limit the addiction among this population, which should constitute a benchmark of health-promoting attitude for the public. Many health-promoting decisions are made during the period of studies. The study aimed to establish the scale of tobacco smoking and the profile of chosen aspects of this issue among students of Poznan University of Medical Sciences and students of vocational medical colleges in Poznań.Material and Methods: An author questionnaire was conducted. 586 students (471 University students, 115 college students) aged between 19 and 65 completed the survey.Results: The majority (76,62%) of the surveyed students were non-smokers. Smokers were predominately male (the entire surveyed population, University students). Medical college students smoked more cigarettes daily compared to the University students. The most commonly declared reason for smoking was the social purpose. Among former smokers, female more often than male indicated health considerations and the knowledge of harmful effects of smoking as reasons for quitting; among college students, the most common reason was health considerations, whereas University students listed knowledge of the harmfulness of smoking, health considerations, and other motives most often.Conclusions: Both University students and medical college students smoked more rarely than their contemporaries in the general population. The respondents constitute a group displaying relatively high prevalence of health-promoting attitudes.

Validation of the Five-Factor Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory in a Mental Health Sample

Assessment ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107319112097686
Author(s):  
Miro Hall-Jones ◽  
Jacqueline Liggett ◽  
Martin Sellbom
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

The Five-Factor Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory (FFOCI) is a recently developed measure of obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) based on an established dimensional model of general personality, the five-factor model. The present study aimed to evaluate the construct validity of the FFOCI by examining its associations with both traditional and dimensional diagnostic models of OCPD. This study used an archival data set of mental health patients that employed a multimethod design. A total of 214 individuals (and their nominated informants) completed various personality inventories indexing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders–Fifth edition traditional and Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) diagnostic criteria for OCPD, as well as other individual AMPD personality traits deemed conceptually relevant to the FFOCI. The results were generally quite supportive of construct validity. They showed that FFOCI scale scores converged with traditional measures of OCPD and AMPD–OCPD traits and impairment in a conceptually expected manner, with a few exceptions. Overall, it was clear from these findings that the FFOCI takes a broader and more comprehensive approach to the assessment of obsessive–compulsive than traditional Diagnostic and Statistical Manual and AMPD operationalizations.

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