scholarly journals A biomechanical comparison of different tying techniques of a double-stranded looped suture

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 230949901988830
Author(s):  
Suriya Luenam ◽  
Poonsak Koonalinthip ◽  
Arkaphat Kosiyatrakul
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Knot Security ◽  
Loop Security

Purpose: This study aims to assess the biomechanical performance of different tying techniques of a double-stranded looped suture (DSLS). Methods: Loop and knot security of DSLS tying techniques (nice knot (NK), modified nice knot (MNK), double-twist knot (DTK), and double-barrel knot (DBK)) were compared. The square knot of DSLS (SKD) and the square knot of single-stranded suture (SKS) had been used as references. Twenty-four loops of each configuration were created using No. 2 Fiberwire (Arthrex, Naples, Florida, USA) and tested with a material testing machine. Samples were loaded with 10 N preloads for loop security assessment. Knot security was subsequently evaluated. Twelve loops of each knot were loaded to failure. The rest were subjected to cyclic load testing and the elongation at the 50th and 1000th cycles were measured. Knot bulkiness was determined by measuring knot height before testing. Data were compared with analysis of variance and post hoc tests. Statistical significance was p < 0.05. Results: All knots showed no statistically significant difference in displacement with preload. The load-to-failure was highest in NK, followed by MNK, DTK, DBK, SKD, and SKS. The cyclic loading test at the 50th cycle and the 1000th cycle demonstrated that NK has significantly less displacement than the others except MNK. DTK provided a minimal average knot height followed by NK, SKS, DBK, MNK, and SKD. Conclusion: The different tying techniques in DSLS provided the similar loop security but different knot security and knot bulkiness. NK and MNK are biomechanically superior to the other knots, whereas DTK is the least bulky. The findings in the present study may help set the guide for the surgeons to select the tying technique of DSLS to best suit their requirement.

scholarly journals Biomechanical Evaluation of Proximal Hamstring Repair: All-Suture Anchor Versus Titanium Suture Anchor

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 232596711989292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Otto ◽  
Alyssa M. DiCosmo ◽  
Joshua B. Baldino ◽  
Julian Mehl ◽  
Elifho Obopilwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Suture Anchor ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Optical Tracking ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Suture Anchors ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Proximal Hamstring

Background: Proximal hamstring avulsions are severe tendon injuries and are commonly sports-related. Open and endoscopic techniques as well as different anchor configurations have already been described for proximal hamstring repair. Novel all-suture anchors have been developed to provide decreased bone loss during placement and reduced occupied bone volume when compared with titanium suture anchors. Hypothesis: Complete proximal hamstring avulsions repaired with all-suture anchors will demonstrate equal load to failure and comparable displacement under cyclic loading when compared with titanium suture anchors. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Complete proximal hamstring avulsions were created in 18 paired cadaveric specimens (mean ± SD age, 63.0 ± 10.4 years). Either all-suture anchors or titanium suture anchors were used for repair. Cyclic loading from 10 to 125 N at 1 Hz was performed for 1500 cycles with a material testing machine. Displacement was assessed along anterior and posterior aspects of the tendon repair with optical tracking. Specimens were loaded to failure at a rate of 120 mm/min. Displacement, load to failure, and repair construct stiffness were compared between matched pairs with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Correlations were determined by Spearman rho analysis. Results: The all-suture anchors showed significantly higher load-to-failure values when compared with the titanium anchor repairs (799.64 ± 257.1 vs 573.27 ± 89.9 N; P = .008). There was no significant difference in displacement between all-suture anchors and titanium suture anchors at the anterior aspect (6.60 ± 2.2 vs 5.49 ± 1.1 mm; P = .26) or posterior aspect (5.87 ± 2.08 vs 5.23 ± 1.37 mm; P = .678) of the repaired hamstring tendons. Conclusion: All-suture anchors demonstrated similar displacement and superior load to failure when compared with titanium suture anchors. Clinical Relevance: The results of this study suggest that all-suture anchors are an equivalent alternative to titanium suture anchors for proximal hamstring avulsion repair.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DA MODIFICAÇÃO DA BASE DE COLAGEM E DA CONTAMINAÇÃO SALIVAR NA RESISTÊNCIA DE UNIÃO DE TUBOS ORTODÔNTICOS COLADOS AO ESMALTE HUMANO

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. eUJ3657
Author(s):  
Germano Brandão ◽  
◽  
Liliana Ávila Maltagliati ◽  
Ana Carla Raphaelli Nahás-Scocate ◽  
Murilo Matias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Metal Mesh ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the shear bond strength of conventional and modified orthodontic tubes bonded to the surface of dry and saliva-contaminated enamel. The sample consisted of 40 human teeth, which were randomly divided into four groups according to attachment base and presence or absence of saliva contamination as follows: Group CB, conventional orthodontic tubes without salivary contamination; Group CB-S, conventional orthodontic tubes with salivary contamination; Groups BM, orthodontic tubes modified by welding a metal mesh to their base without salivary contamination; and Group BM-S, modified orthodontic tubes with salivary contamination. Shear bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine and analysis of the adhesive remnant index (ARI) by optical microscopy. Two-way ANOVA was used, followed by Tukey’s test at a statistical significance level of 5%. The ARI results were analysed descriptively. There was statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the shear bond strength values, with conventional tubes presenting significantly higher values (P < 0.05). In addition, the presence of salivary contamination interfered negatively with the behaviour of conventional tubes only (P < 0.05). Shear bond strength was not improved by increasing the area of the orthodontic tubes. Moreover, salivary contamination influenced negatively the SBS values, but only when conventional tubes were used.

Comparative Study of Biomechanical Properties between Needled Suture and Needleless Suture in Multi-Strand Tendon Graft Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 1447-1451
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Tendon Graft ◽  
Suture Technique ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Tendon Elongation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Distraction Force

Objective: To compare the biomechanical properties of the Chinese finger (CF) suture, a needleless suture technique, with the baseball stitch (BS) suture, a needled suture technique, in a multi-strand model by using a 4-strand tendon model. Additionally, the BS was compared with the serial rolling hitch (RH), a locking needleless suture technique. Materials and Methods: 4-strand grafts, made from two 20-cm fresh porcine toe extensors, were used in all three groups. After the grafts were sutured, pretension was applied with a load of 100-N distraction force for five minutes. After the tendon elongation was measured before and after the pretension, the distraction force was continued until the constructed graft failed. Stress-strain relationship graphs were recorded by universal testing machine (UTM), distributing to the calculation of percentage on tendon elongation, stiffness, and load-to-failure. Results: The BS had significantly higher load of failure than the CF (p=0.001) but no significant difference when compared with the RH. Comparing between BS, CF, and RH, there were no significant difference in stiffness and percentage of tendon elongation. In modes of failure, there was evidence of knot slipping in CF in six of six cases and graft strangulation in RH in four of six cases. Conclusion: Multi-strand model BS, a needled suture, had a higher load to failure than CF, a needleless suture. Moreover, needleless sutures had serious modes of failure, which were knot slipping and strangulation of graft by the suture material. Therefore, needleless suture technique for multi-strand tendon graft preparation was not recommended. Keywords: Tendon preparation; Multi-Strand; Needled suture; Needleless suture; Chinese finger; Baseball stitch; Rolling Hitch; Biomechanical study; Graft elongation; Load to failure

scholarly journals Effects of Veneering Ceramic and Methods on Failure Load of Veneered Zirconia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2129
Author(s):  
Hattanas Kumchai ◽  
Patrapan Juntavee ◽  
Arthur F. Sun ◽  
Dan Nathanson
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Failure Load ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Feldspathic Porcelain ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: A variety of veneering options to zirconia frameworks are now available. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of veneer materials, veneering methods, cement materials, and aging on the failure load of bilayered veneer zirconia. Material and methods: Zirconia bars (20 × 4 × 1 mm) were veneered to 2 mm total thickness (n = 10/group). Veneering method groups included: 1. Hand-layered feldsparthic porcelain (VM = Vita VM9, Vident) and fluorapatite glass–ceramic (CR = IPS e.max Ceram, IvoclarVivadent); 2. Pressed feldspathic porcelain (PM = Vita PM9, Vident) and fluorapatite glass–ceramic (ZP = IPS e.max ZirPress, IvoclarVivadent); 3. CAD-/CAM-milled feldspathic ceramic (TF = Vitablocs Triluxe Forte, Vident) and lithium-disilicate glass–ceramic (CAD = IPS e.max CAD, IvoclarVivadent). CAD/CAM veneers were either cemented with resin cements (P = Panavia21, KurarayDental), (R = RelyX Ultimate, 3M ESPE), (M = Multilink Automix, Ivoclar Vivadent) or fused with fusion glass–ceramic (C = CrystalConnect, IvoclarVivadent). A three-point bending test (15 mm span, zirconia on tension side) was performed on Instron universal testing machine (ISO 6872) recording load-to-failure (LTF) of first veneer cracks or catastrophic failure. For group VM, PM, TF-M, TF-C, CAD-M, CAD-C, ten more bars were prepared and aged with cyclic loading (100,000 cycles, 50% LTF) and thermocycling (2000 cycles) before testing. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey HSD post hoc tests, and t-test (α = 0.05). Zirconia veneered with IPS e.max CAD by fusing had significantly higher failure load compared with zirconia veneered with other veneering materials. (p ≤ 0.05). For cemented veneers, the cement type had a significant effect on the failure load of the veneer zirconia specimens. Specimens cemented with Panavia 21 had a lower resistance to loading than other cements. The aging experiment revealed a significant difference in failure load between non-aged and aged bars in groups VM and PM, but not in the groups with CAD-/CAM-milled veneers. In conclusion, veneer materials, veneering methods, and cement materials have a significant effect on the failure load of bilayered veneer zirconia. CAD-/CAM-milled veneer zirconia is not susceptible to aging performed in this study.

scholarly journals Effect of the Er: YAG laser on the shear bond strength of conventional glass ionomer and BiodentineTM to dentine

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abtesam Aljdaimi ◽  
Hugh Devlin ◽  
Mark Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Laser Etching ◽  
Yag Laser ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if Er: YAG laser etching improves the shear bond strength (SBS) of Biodentin™ and GC Fuji IX® to dentine. Materials and Methods: Forty human dentine specimens were standardized and embedded in stone. The specimens were randomized into four groups (n = 10). Twenty samples were treated with the Er: YAG laser radiation and 10 of these restored with GC Fuji IX® and 10 with Biodentine™. The remaining 20 specimens acted as controls (no laser treatment); 10 were restored with GC Fuji IX® and 10 with Biodentin™. All samples were then stored in an incubator at 37.5°C and 100% humidity for 7 days. The SBS was determined using a Zwick universal testing machine. A two-way analysis of variance test was used to evaluate the statistical difference in SBS between the groups. An independent sample t-test was used to determine the statistical significance of differences between control and lased groups within the same material. Results: A highly statistically significant difference in SBS was found with the laser treatment (P = 0.0001) and material (i.e., Biodentin™ or Fuji IX® (P = 0.0001). The GC Fuji IX® group recorded the highest mean SBS required to dislodge the material from the laser-treated dentine surface (1.77 ± 0.22 Mega-Pascal [MPa]). The mean SBS of Biodentin™ to dentine following the laser radiation (1.12 ± 0.16 MPa) was significantly greater compared to the nonlased dentine (0.53 ± 0.09). Pearson Chi-square test indicated a nonsignificant relation between shear strength and mode of failure (P = 0.467). Conclusion: Laser etching of the dentine surfaces yielded a significant increase in the bond strength for both GC Fuji IX® and Biodentin™. The SBS of Biodentin™ to dentine is greater than with conventional glass ionomer (Fuji IX®).

Comparison of Locking Plate with Interfragmentary Screw Versus Plantarly Applied Anatomic Locking Plate for Lapidus Arthrodesis: A Biomechanical Cadaveric Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Cottom ◽  
Joseph S. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Locking Plate ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
First Metatarsal ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Anatomic Locking Plate

Arthrodesis of the first metatarsal cuneiform joint, or Lapidus procedure, is a widely accepted treatment for hallux valgus. Recent studies have focused on comparing various constructs for this procedure both in the laboratory and clinical settings. The current study compared in a cadaveric model the strength of 2 constructs. The first construct utilized a medially applied low-profile locking plate and an interfragmentary screw directed from plantar-distal to dorsal-proximal. The second construct consisted of a plantarly applied plate with a compression screw placed through the plate from plantar-distal to dorsal-proximal. The ultimate load to failure for the 2 groups tested was 255.38 ± 155.38 N and 197.48 ± 108.61 N, respectively (P = .402). There was no significant difference found between the 2 groups with respect to ultimate load to failure, stiffness of the construct, or moment at time of failure. In conclusion, the medially applied plate with plantar interfragmentary screw appears to be stronger than the plantar Lapidus plate tested for first metatarsal cuneiform arthrodesis, though this difference did not reach statistical significance. Levels of Evidence: Level V: Biomechanical Study

scholarly journals A Biomechanical Comparison of a Limited Open and Standard Open Technique for Achilles Tendon Rupture Repair

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011417S0001
Author(s):  
Robert Dekker ◽  
Charles Qin ◽  
Cort Lawton ◽  
Muturi Muriuki ◽  
Robert Havey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Open Repair ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Gap Formation ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison

Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics, Sports Introduction/Purpose: The drive to reduce soft tissue complications after Achilles tendon repair has led to increased interest in less invasive techniques. The PARS Achilles Jig System is one option that has gained popularity as an alternative to open repair. For many surgeons, standard open repair consists of a Krackow locking-loop technique. We compared the load to failure of a limited open and open Krackow technique for repair of Achilles tendon ruptures. Methods: Nine pairs of human cadaver lower limbs were randomized to undergo either a Krackow locking loop repair with epitendinous weave or a PARS Achilles Jig System Repair. Specimen were loaded to failure on a servo-hydraulic material testing machine. From load- displacement curves, initial linear stiffness, load to failure, and work to failure were calculated. Results: The average load to failure for Krackow repair (353.8 ± 88.8 N) and PARS repair (313.3 ± 99.9 N) was not statistically different (p = .38). The average work to failure for open repair (6.4 ± 2.3 J) and PARS repair (6.3 ± 3.5 J) was also not statistically different (p = .904). Mean initial linear stiffness of the Krackow repair (17.8 ± 5.4 N/mm) was significantly greater than the PARS repair (11.8 ± 2.5 N/mm) (p = .011). The predominant location of failure for Krackow repair was at the suture itself. In contrast, the PARS repair predominantly failed at the suture-tendon interface. Conclusion: The results suggest no difference between the Krackow and PARS repairs in terms of ultimate strength or work to failure. The Krackow repair demonstrated a higher initial linear stiffness than the PARS, which may imply a greater ability to withstand gap formation. With less devitalization to surrounding soft tissue and equal repair strength, the PARS system should be considered a favourable option for repair of ruptured Achilles tendons.

scholarly journals BIOMECHANICAL COMPARISON OF MEDIAL VERSUS LATERAL SIDED PLATING IN FEMORAL FRACTURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
Firat Al ◽  
Bilgehan Tosun ◽  
Tamer Sinmazcelik ◽  
Mustafa Ozmen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Lateral Plating ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Fractures Of The Femur

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine whether the side of application of the plate itself affects the mechanical stability of the fixation. The specific question addressed is whether or not a lateral or medial plate application is biomechanically better, for the treatment of distal diaphysis fractures of the femur. Methods: Stability and stiffness of medial sided plating relative to the conventional lateral sided plating in distal diaphysis of the femur were measured by analyzing axial loading forces leading to implant failure. Sixty synthetic femurs were tested in physiological bending, to calculate the yield and ultimate load to displacement following fixation of distal diaphysis fractures of the femur by either medial or lateral sided plating. Axial loading was applied to samples using a uniaxial testing machine. Results: There was more implant deformation in the lateral sided plating group – a difference with statistical significance. Conclusion: Medial sided plating was found to be as stiff as lateral plating. Medial plating may be a reasonable treatment option that can be used safely in selected cases. Level of Evidence I, Therapeutic Studies Investigating the Results of Treatment

Biomechanical comparison of two ostectomy configurations for partial mandibulectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Matz ◽  
Ramsis Farag ◽  
Harry Boothe ◽  
D. Tillson ◽  
Ralph Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Mechanical Advantage ◽  
Biomechanical Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
Distal Aspect ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Alveolar Surface

SummaryObjective: To determine the stiffness and load to failure of two different ostectomy configurations using canine mandibles.Study design: Cadaveric biomechanical assessment.Animals: Paired mandibles (n = 30).Methods: Standardized partial ostectomies were created on the alveolar surface of 30 mandibles. Samples were randomly assigned to right-angled (n = 15) or crescentic ostectomy (n = 15). Excision spanned the mesial aspect of the fourth premolar tooth to the distal aspect of first molar tooth. Mandibles were loaded to failure in three-point ben-ding. The stiffness, displacement at maximum load, and load to failure were measured.Results: There was no significant difference in stiffness (p = 0.59), displacement at maximum load (p = 0.16) and load to failure (p = 0.76) between right-angled or crescentic ostectomy. Right-angled and crescentic ostectomy failed mostly by fracture through an empty alveolus (11/15 and 13/15, respectively).Clinical relevance: No significant differences in load to failure or stiffness between ostectomy techniques were observed. Crescentic ostectomy did not improve the acute load to failure for partial mandibulectomy. The empty alveolus served as a focal stress concentration point eliminating the potential mechanical advantage of a crescentic ostectomy.

scholarly journals Biomechanical comparison of a novel castless arthrodesis plate with T-plate and cross pin techniques for canine partial carpal arthrodesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Miles ◽  
P. Pollintine ◽  
N. J. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Plate Fixation ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Carpal Bone ◽  
Metacarpal Bones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Biomechanical Comparison ◽  
Ultimate Displacement

SummaryObjectives: To describe a novel canine castless partial carpal arthrodesis plate (par-CA) and its ex vivo biomechanical comparison with T-plate and cross pinning techniques for canine partial carpal arthrodesis.Methods: The three implant systems were applied to three cohorts of six forelimbs from Greyhounds euthanatized for reasons unrelated to the study. Intercarpal and carpometacarpal palmar fibrocartilage and ligaments were sectioned. Potentiometers were applied between the radial carpal and third metacarpal bones to measure micromotion, and limbs were loaded at 30% of bodyweight at 1 Hertz for 10,000 cycles on a servo-hydraulic universal testing machine. Following assessment of micromotion, limbs were loaded to failure at 20 mm/s and ultimate strength, ultimate displacement, and stiffness were measured.Results: The T-plate (p <0.01) and par-CA (p <0.01) had reduced micromotion relative to the cross pin constructs but there was no significant difference between the control, T-plate and par-CA constructs. There was no significant difference in ultimate strength between constructs. Ultimate displacement was reduced in the plated constructs. Stiffness did not differ between constructs.Clinical significance: The novel par-CA construct was biomechanically similar to the T-plate and both were superior to cross pins in resisting micromotion. There was no difference in load at failure between constructs. The par-CA plate permits radial and ulnar carpal bone compression, a more distal location of the plate to limit impingement, and placement of screws in two metacarpal bones; features which may offer clinical benefits over T-plate fixation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document