scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF OVER THE COUNTER PAIN MEDICATION USE AMONG HIGH SCHOOL VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0025
Author(s):  
Pamela Lang ◽  
Timothy McGuine ◽  
Lianna Mack ◽  
Kevin Biese ◽  
David Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Pain Medication ◽  
Pain Medicine ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
The Past ◽  
Volleyball Players

Background: Volleyball’s popularity among middle and high school girls continues to rise with many athletes playing the sport year-round. While up to 40% of high school basketball players consume analgesics frequently to manage sport related pain, there is limited evidence regarding the prevalence of over the counter (OTC) pain medicine use among high school volleyball players. Hypothesis/Purpose: Identify the prevalence of OTC pain medicine use in high school volleyball players and assess its association with prior injury and sports specialization level. Methods: Female volleyball players from 78 high schools were recruited to enroll in this prospective cohort study during the fall 2018 volleyball season. Baseline data were collected on demographic and volleyball characteristics including volume and type of volleyball participation, sport-related injuries over the previous twelve months, and level of sport specialization. The frequency of OTC pain medication use for pain management not related to menstrual cramps over the previous seven days was also collected. Participants were asked to describe their OTC pain medicine use during practice, matches, or conditioning and the location of pain they were treating. Results: In total, 2,073 female athletes (Age: 15.6 ± 1.1, BMI: 22.4 ± 3.5, Grade: 9-12) enrolled in the study. Sixty-nine percent (n=1425) reported no OTC pain medication use over the past seven days, 16.0% (n=332) reported seldom (one day/week) OTC medication use, 12.6% (n=261) reported sometimes (2-3 days/week) using OTC medications, and 2.7% (n=55) reported frequent (4-5 days/week) OTC medication use. In the same time period, 24.8% (n=513) used OTC medications during practice, 16.0% (n=331) during matches, and 21.4% (n=443) during conditioning. Across practice, matches, and conditioning OTC medications were most frequently used to control headaches (7-13%) and knee pain (4-6%). Highly specialized volleyball players were more likely to frequently use OTC medications (4.5%) compared to low (1.97%) and moderately specialized (2.5%) athletes (p=0.001). Of those reporting no OTC medications use, 16.7% (n=238) had an injury in the last year compared 36.4% (n=20) of athletes who frequently used OTC medications also reporting an injury in the last year (p<0.001). Conclusion: Almost one third of female high school volleyball athletes reported using OTC pain medications in the past week. Those with a history of injury and highly specialized athletes were more likely to use OTC medications. Coaches, athletic trainers, and healthcare providers should be aware of trends in the use of OTC medications among volleyball athletes as its popularity continues to rise.

scholarly journals How the Lifestyle Leaders View and Manage Medications

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 611-612
Author(s):  
Taylor Patskanick ◽  
Julie Miller
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drug Companies

Abstract Medication management is an ongoing consideration for adults ages 85 and older, their caregivers, and healthcare providers. When asked about their attitudes and behaviors regarding medication management, over 73% of the Lifestyle Leaders reported taking 3+ prescription medications daily and managing their own medication regimes. 61.9% of participants had taken over-the-counter, non-prescription medication for pain over the past five years. When asked why some participants didn’t currently take prescription medications to manage pain, the most frequently-reported responses were: “I don’t feel that my pain warrants a prescription medication,” (19%, n=8), “I don’t want to deal with the side effects,” and “I don’t trust drug companies,” (9.5%, n=4, respectively). The Lifestyle Leaders reported they would be most likely to go to the internet (over their local pharmacist) to ask for advice about their medication(s). Meanwhile, 39% of Lifestyle Leaders would trust a robot to manage their medication(s) for them.

869 Opioid Utilization in Pediatric Burn Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S273-S274
Author(s):  
Niti Shahi ◽  
Maxene Meier ◽  
Ryan Phillips ◽  
Gabrielle Shirek ◽  
Ashley Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parent Education ◽  
Multimodal Therapy ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Pain Medication ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Pain Medications ◽  
Opioid Administration

Abstract Introduction Childhood burns are extremely common and distressing for children and their parents. Pain is the most common complaint and often thought to be undertreated, disrupting care and increasing the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder. There is limited literature on the role of opioids and multimodal therapy in the treatment of burns in pediatric patients. We sought to evaluate the current use of multimodal therapy as well as the use, storage, and disposal of opioids in this patient population. Methods We prospectively surveyed parents of pediatric burn patients (0–18 years old) who presented to the burn clinic within two weeks of burn injury. Parents were surveyed regarding over-the-counter pain medication use and opioid medication use, storage, and disposal in the treatment of their child. Medians and interquartile ranges were used to describe continuous variables and frequencies and percentages were used for categorical variables. Results A total of 92 parents of burn-injured children were surveyed at a single institution in the outpatient burn clinic. The median age of burn-injured children was 3.1 years old, and 50% of patients were male. The majority had a TBSA of 1%. The hand was the most frequently burned location (45.7%). Acetaminophen (58.7%) and ibuprofen (69.6%) were the most common treatments for both constant and breakthrough pain. Approximately 28% (26/92) of patients were prescribed opioids, of which 18.5% (17/92) filled their prescription. Only 29% of patients (5/17) consumed their entire prescription, and a median of 3 doses of opioids remained for those who did not finish the entire prescription. Parents most commonly decided to give their children opioid pain medications because “my child is in severe pain” or “I give my child pain medications as scheduled (written on prescription).” Approximately 40% (7/17) of patients who filled opioid prescriptions stored them in a locked area, and only 35.3% (6/17) were educated on how to dispose of excess opioid pain medication. Conclusions Presently, multimodal therapy with over-the-counter pain medications is used to treat the majority of pediatric burns. This study demonstrates an increased need for education on opioid administration, storage, and disposal for parents of burn-injured children. Applicability of Research to Practice We aimed to evaluate what current trends in opioid use are in pediatric burn patients and areas for improvement in parent education for over-the-counter pain medication use, opioid use, opioid storage, and disposal. From the study, we were able to glean that the majority of patients are successfully managed with over-the-counter pain medications. However, parents and patients managed with opioids need additional education on appropriate administration of opioid pain medications, safe locked storage of opioids, and opioid disposal. This demonstrates an area for quality improvement inpatient and outpatient.

Pain Management for Pediatric Burns in the Outpatient Setting: A Changing Paradigm?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 814-819
Author(s):  
Niti Shahi ◽  
Maxene Meier ◽  
Ryan Phillips ◽  
Gabrielle Shirek ◽  
Adam Goldsmith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Control ◽  
Multimodal Therapy ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Pain Medication ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
Over The Counter

Abstract Childhood burns are common and distressing for children and their parents. Pain is the most common complaint and often thought to be undertreated, which can negatively influence the child’s care and increase the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder. There is limited literature on the role of opioids and multimodal therapy in the treatment of pediatric outpatient burns. We sought to evaluate the current use of opioids (including the use of multimodal therapies), storage, and disposal of opioids in this patient population. Parents of burn-injured children 8 months to 18 years old, who were seen in an outpatient setting within 2 weeks of their burn injury, were queried from April to December 2019 regarding their child’s pain control, opioid medication use, over-the-counter pain medication use, opioid storage, and disposal. A total of 142 parents of burn-injured children and their parents were surveyed. The median age of the burn-injured children was 2.7 years old and the majority (54.2%; 77/142) were male. The mean total body surface area (TBSA) was 1.8% and half sustained burn injuries to one or both hands. The most frequently used regimens for constant and/or breakthrough pain control were acetaminophen (62.7%) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; 68.3%). Less than one fifth (26/142;18%) of patients were prescribed opioids and 88% filled their prescription. The median number of doses of opioids prescribed was eight doses, with a median of four doses of opioids unused. Only three patients used all of their prescribed opioids and no patient ≥12 years old used their entire prescription. Burns greater than 3% TBSA, irrespective of burn injury location, were associated with opioid prescription (P = .003). Approximately 40% (10/26) of parents who filled their child’s opioid prescription stored the opioid in a locked area. Fewer than one third (7/26) of patients were educated on how to dispose of excess opioid pain medication. Overall, most pediatric outpatient burn injuries can be successfully managed with over-the-counter medications. Providers, who care for burn-injured children ≤ 12 years old with burns that cover ≥3% TBSA in the outpatient setting, should consider no more than four opioid doses for initial pain control. This guideline, coupled with family and provider-centered education on multimodal therapy at the time of initial presentation and safe use of opioids, are important first steps to minimizing the use of opioids in the management of small area burns in children.

Nonprescription Medication Use by Infants and Children: Product Labeling Versus Evidence-Based Medicine

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 286-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Kelly Orr ◽  
Kelly L. Matson ◽  
Brian J. Cowles
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Health Care Practitioner ◽  
Efficacy Data ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nonprescription Medication ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Package Labeling

Nonprescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medication use has been an increasing market over the past years. In addition to adult use of these medications, children also account for this trend. Although relatively safe when used according to package labeling and professional direction, serious adverse drug events and toxicity associated withOTC use among infants and children are becoming more common. The purpose of this review is to help the health care practitioner select and counsel on pediatric OTC products based on labeling and efficacy data in 3 main areas: cough and cold, analgesics, and treatment of gastroenteritis.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy Literacy and Parental Practice in Use of Over-the-Counter Pediatric Medicines

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušanka Krajnović ◽  
Stana Ubavić ◽  
Nataša Bogavac-Stanojević
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Common Information ◽  
Parental Practice

Background and objectives: Pharmaceutical literacy skills of parents are crucial for appropriate and safe medication use in pre-school children (ages 1–7 years). A recent study on pharmacotherapy literacy from Serbia showed that one in five parents have difficulty understanding common information about the use of medicines. Because antipyretics are considered to be the most frequently used group of over-the-counter (OTC) medications during the pre-school period, we aimed to: (i) examine parental practice and expectations in antipyretic medication use, and (ii) analyze associations of parental practice and expectations related to socio-economic status and pharmacotherapy literacy. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey using a self- report validated specific instrument was conducted with the parents of pre-school children in kindergartens in Belgrade, Serbia. Pharmacotherapy literacy refers to the knowledge and personal skills needed to meet the complex demands of medicine use in both healthcare and non-healthcare settings. A comprehensive literature review, expert-focus group consultation, and pre-testing were employed in 4-item multiple-choice test development to explore practice and expectations related to the use of OTC pediatric antipyretic medicines. Results: The final analytical cohort was comprised of 813 participants, the majority (63.3%) chose a medicine based on a physician’s suggestion and only 15.4% of parents reported they would follow the advice of a pharmacist. More than a half of parents (54.1%) would need advice about antipyretic medicine from a pharmacist, firstly in a simpler language. Parents satisfied with the information given by a pharmacist had higher pharmacotherapy literacy, compared to parents with lower levels (OR–0.718, 95%CI (0.597–0.865), p < 0.001). Men had a higher expectation of pharmacists to explain medicine use in a simpler language (OR–1.630, 95%CI (1.063–2.501), p = 0.025), as well as parents with three or more children (OR–2.527, 95%CI (1.43–4.459), p = 0.001). Parents with higher knowledge about medicine use were less likely to ask for simpler information (OR–0,707; 95%CI (0,583–0,856), p < 0,001). Conclusions: Our main finding is that practice in antipyretic OTC medicine use was associated with levels of parental pharmacotherapy literacy. The expectations of pharmacists were higher among parents with lower levels of pharmacotherapy literacy, who expected more information in a simpler and more precise language. This study highlighted the need for pharmacists to identify risks in parental practice and to provide information about medicines to parents of pre-school children in a simpler and more appropriate way.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation Attempts in Korean High School Students Who Engage in Intermittent and Light Smoking

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jin Suk Ra ◽  
Yeon-Hee Jeong
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Light Smoking

Purpose: This study aimed to identify psychosocial factors associated with smoking cessation attempts among Korean high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking.Methods: Cross-sectional secondary data derived from the 2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey were analyzed within the framework of the biopsychosocial model. The sample comprised 829 high school students who reported current intermittent and light smoking, which was defined as cigarette smoking on 1~29 days in a 30-day period and no more than 10 cigarettes per day. Purposeful selection logistic regression analysis was performed.Results: In total, 71.7% (n=586) of the respondents had tried to stop smoking during the past 12 months. The main result was that respondents who had viewed an anti-smoking advertisement in the past year significantly more smoking cessation attempts than those who had not (adjusted odds ratio=2.59; 95% confidence interval=1.45~4.62, <i>p</i>=.001).Conclusion: To encourage smoking cessation attempts among high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking, healthcare providers, including school and community nurses, should develop effective interventions using anti-smoking advertisements tailored to adolescents’ interests and developmental stage.

Musculoskeletal Injuries and Their Association With Previous Concussion History: A Prospective Study of High School Volleyball and Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652199711
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Biese ◽  
Stephanie A. Kliethermes ◽  
Andrew M. Watson ◽  
Timothy A. McGuine ◽  
Pamela J. Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injury ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Extremity Injury ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
The Past

Background: Sports-related concussions may have a neurobiological recovery period that exceeds the period of clinical recovery, and one consequence of an extended neurobiological recovery may be the risk of subsequent musculoskeletal injuries. Most literature citing an increased risk of musculoskeletal injury after a sports-related concussion has been reported in populations other than adolescent athletes. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to prospectively determine if incidence rates of musculoskeletal injury differ between adolescent athletes with and without a previous sports-related concussion, while controlling for sex, sport, and age. A secondary aim was to determine if this relationship differs between male and female athletes of the same sport. Our hypotheses were that acute-noncontact injury rates would be higher in athletes with a previous sports-related concussion when compared with athletes without a previous sports-related concussion, and that this relationship would exist only in female athletes and not male athletes. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: High school soccer and volleyball players were recruited in 2 prospective cohort studies that observed 4837 athletes during their sporting season (females, 80%; soccer, 57%; mean [SD] age, 15.6 [1.1] years). At preseason, all participants self-reported demographics and previous sports-related concussion within the past 12 months. During the sport season, team athletic trainers electronically recorded athlete exposures and injury data, including injury characteristics. Injury rates per 1000 athlete exposures and injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. All injury rates and IRRs were adjusted for sex, age, and sport. Results: The rate of acute-noncontact lower extremity injury was 87% greater (IRR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.29-2.74) in participants with a previous sports-related concussion versus those without one. The acute-noncontact lower extremity injury rates (IRRs) for females and males with a previous sports-related concussion were 1.76 (95% CI, 1.19-2.59) and 2.83 (95% CI, 0.85-9.50), respectively. No difference was detected in acute-contact (IRR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.56-1.73) or overuse (IRR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.51-2.37) lower extremity injury rates by previous sports-related concussion. Conclusion: Female adolescent athletes who reported a sports-related concussion within the past 12 months were more likely to sustain an acute-noncontact lower extremity injury during their high school sports season when compared with female athletes without a previous sport-related concussion.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INJURY AND SPORTS SPECIALIZATION AMONG FEMALE HIGH SCHOOL VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0024
Author(s):  
Kevin Biese ◽  
Timothy McGuine ◽  
Stephanie Kliethermes ◽  
David Bell ◽  
Andrew Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injury ◽  
Summer Camps ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
The Past ◽  
High School Girls ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
School Girls ◽  
Female High School

Background: Volleyball participation has increased and unlike other team sports, its popularity among high school girls continues to grow. With its rise in popularity, the number of girls playing club volleyball outside of school has also grown. Sports specialization in youth athletes, or year-round intensive training in a single sport at the exclusion of others has become a concern. Overuse injuries are common among female volleyball players and specialization may be one factor that puts girls at risk of injury. Hypothesis/ Purpose: Evaluate the level of sports specialization among female high school volleyball players and examine its association with injury history. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Female students in grades 9-12 at 78 high schools who were committed to trying out for their high school volleyball team were recruited to participate in this study prior to the 2018 fall high school season. Athletes completed baseline assessments of sport related injuries within the previous 12 months. The athletes were asked to report their participation in interscholastic and club volleyball, including training volume and self-reported specialization. Finally, specialization of the athletes was determined using Jayanthi’s 3-point specialization scale. Athletes who had an injury that kept them out of the first day of tryouts were excluded. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed. Results: 2216 female high school volleyball players completed baseline evaluations (Age=15.6 ± 1.1 years old, BMI= 22.5± 3.5 kgs/m2) of whom 1588 identified volleyball as their primary sport (72%). Both moderately and highly specialized volleyball athletes were about twice as likely to report a musculoskeletal injury in the previous 12 months (Moderate: OR=1.84, 95%CI=1.29-2.62; High: OR=2.30, 95%CI=1.64-3.24). Similarly, those who played club volleyball were two times more likely to report a musculoskeletal injury in the past year (OR=2.00, 95%CI=1.48-2.71). Multisport athletes were also more likely to report a previous musculoskeletal injury (OR=1.69, 85%CI=1.24-2.32). Highly specialized volleyball players were more likely to participate in club volleyball (p<0.001), summer camps (p<0.001), and participate in both club and summer camps in the same year (p<0.001). Conclusions: High school girls’ volleyball players who are highly specialized were more likely to report a musculoskeletal injury in the past 12 months. Similarly, those who played club volleyball were more likely to report an injury in the past year. While sports specialization seems to be associated with increased risk of injury, it may be at least partially related to increased training volume.

scholarly journals Conceptualization, Development and Psychometric Evaluations of a New Medication-Related Health Literacy Instrument: The Chinese Medication Literacy Measurement

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 6951
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Wen Lin ◽  
Elizabeth H. Chang ◽  
Yu Ko ◽  
Chun-Yu Wang ◽  
Yu-Shan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Quota Sampling

There is a need for valid and reliable instruments to focus on medication aspects of health literacy and help healthcare professionals address patients’ barriers to medication use. This cross-sectional study describes the conceptualization, development, and psychometric properties of the first Chinese Medication Literacy Measurement (ChMLM) to assess the level of health literacy on medication use. The 17-item ChMLM (ChMLM-17) and its short form, 13-item ChMLM (ChMLM-13), consist of four sections (vocabulary, over-the-counter labels, prescription labels, and advertisements) to cover six domains of medication-related health literacy. Multistage stratified quota sampling was attempted to recruit a representative sample in Taiwan. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to identify the cut-off point for differentiating high and low medication literacy. Psychometric analyses were performed (n = 1410) to assess the reliability and validity separately on all samples and sociodemographic subgroups. The 17- and 13-item versions both had high construct validity among all patients and patients with low medication literacy. The developed ChMLM-17 and ChMLM-13 is expected to help healthcare providers and researchers to accurately measure medication-related health literacy and improve medication use in the real-world practice.

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