Assessing the Association Between Nutritional Status, Caries, and Gingivitis in Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective. To evaluate if nutritional status is associated with caries and gingivitis in Brazilian schoolchildren. Material and methods. Children of both genders, age ranging from 8 to 11 years old, were included in this study. Caries was diagnosed using ICDAS (International System for Detection and Assessment of Carious Lesions) and gingivitis was diagnosed using the Community Periodontal Index. The nutritional status of each child was defined by BMI Z-score calculation. Data on oral health behavior and dietary habit were collected through parent’s questionnaires. Parametric analyzes were performed to compare the groups. The established alpha was 5%. Results. The sample consisted of 353 schoolchildren: 16 underweight children, 247 eutrophic children, 64 overweight children, and 26 were obese children. Overweight, Obese and Overweight + Obese children presented less cavitated caries lesion than Eutrophic children ( P < .05). Gingivitis was not associated with nutritional status ( P > .05). Conclusion. Caries was associated with overweight and obesity in Brazilian schoolchildren.

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Oral Hygiene Status, Periodontal Status, and Periodontal Treatment Needs among Institutionalized Intellectually Disabled Subjects in Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India

Journal of Oral Diseases ◽

10.1155/2014/535316 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nilima S. Kadam ◽

Rahul Patil ◽

Abhijit N. Gurav ◽

Yojana Patil ◽

Abhijeet Shete ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Periodontal Treatment ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Periodontal Status ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Community Periodontal Index

The aim of the study was to determine influence of intellectually disability (ID) on oral hygiene status (OHS), periodontal status (PS), and periodontal treatment needs (PTNs) and investigate the association of these clinical parameters with various sociodemographic and clinical variables among multicentric institutionalized ID subjects aged 5–55 years in Kolhapur district, Maharashtra, India. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by both questionnaire and clinical examination. OHS, PS, and PTNs of these subjects were assessed by recording Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs, respectively. Analysis of variance and multiple logistic and stepwise linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Of the 576 subjects examined, the mean age of the subjects was 17.50 ± 7.4 years. Subjects with profound level of ID had the highest mean OHI-S, PS, and PTNs scores of 4.47 ± 1.04, 2.84 ± 0.78, and 2.25 ± 0.44, respectively, as compared with other ID groups (P<0.0001). The present study signified that ID subjects had poor OHS and PS with the highest PTNs and were influenced by age (P<0.0001), degree of ID (P<0.0001), SES, location, institution type, and parent’s level education. The present study underlines a considerable need for prevention and treatment of periodontal disease among ID subjects in India.

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Nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents: associated gender, environmental and socio-economic factors

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980008002693 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1306-1317 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri ◽

Habiba Ben Romdhane ◽

Pierre Traissac ◽

Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay ◽

Francis Delpeuch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cultural Tradition ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the nutritional status of Tunisian adolescents and associated factors.DesignA cross-sectional study based on a national stratified random cluster sample.Subjects and methodsIn all, 1295 boys and 1577 girls aged 15–19 years, of whom 28·4 % had already left school. Socio-economic characteristics of the parents, anthropometric measurements, food behaviours and physical activity of the adolescents were recorded during home visits.ResultsPrevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity (WHO/National Center for Health Statistics reference) were, respectively, 8·1 %, 17·4 % and 4·1 % among boys and 1·3 %, 20·7 % and 4·4 % among girls; abdominal obesity was highly prevalent among both sexes. Prevalence of overweight differed by region (from 11·5 % to 22·2 %) and was higher in urban v. rural areas for males (21·7 % v. 10·4 %) but not for females (21·7 % v. 19·2 %). These differences were partially mediated by socio-economic and lifestyle factors for males. For females, influence of cultural factors is hypothesised. In rural areas, overweight was more prevalent among boys of higher economic level households, having a working mother or a sedentary lifestyle; for girls, prevalence increased with the level of education of the mother. In urban areas, prevalence of overweight was related to eating habits: it was higher for boys with irregular snacking habits and for girls skipping daily meals. Urban girls having left school were also more overweight.ConclusionOverweight and abdominal obesity in late adolescence have become a true public health problem in Tunisia with the combined effects of cultural tradition for girls in rural areas, and of rapid economic development for boys and girls in cities.

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The Association of Physical Activity and Physical Fitness With Pre-Adolescent Obesity: An Observational Study in Metromanila, Philippines

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.8.6.804 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 804-810 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Consuelo Belmonte Gonzalez-Suarez ◽

Karen Grimmer-Somers

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Philippines ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Overweight Children ◽

Older Children ◽

Obese Children ◽

Cross Sectional

Background:Childhood obesity has been inconsistently associated with decreased levels of physical activity and fitness. Moreover, little is known about this relationship among Filipino preteens.Methods:This cross sectional study reports the association between childhood obesity, measures of physical activity, and fitness. Children aged 11 to 12 from randomly selected schools from San Juan, Metromanila were included. Outcome measures were body mass index, Filipino modified Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older children (F_PAQ-C), standing broad jump, 50 m sprint and 20 m multistage shuttle run.Results:380 children participated in the study. Obese children had significantly lower median scores in the F_PAQ-C compared with overweight children. Overweight children had lower scores in the standing broad jump, 50 m sprints and predicted VO2max as compared with children with normal BMI. There were modest associations between the 50 m sprint, predicted VO2max, and F_PAQ-C.Conclusion:Our study has showed that physical activity and fitness scores were strongly correlated with childhood obesity. If childhood physical fitness is a predictor of physical fitness in adulthood which is a risk factor in cardiovascular diseases, there is a strong possibility that the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in the Philippines will increase dramatically in the future.

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PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA CÁRIE DENTÁRIA, CONDIÇÕES PERIODONTAIS E HIGIENE ORAL EM ESCOLARES DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAAPORÃ - PB, BRASIL

Journal of Dentistry & Public Health ◽

10.17267/2596-3368dentistry.v7i3.994 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Leonel Martins ◽

George Max de Oliveira Cartaxo ◽

Wilton Wilney Nascimento Padilha

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Caries Prevalence ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Community Periodontal Index ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Oral Conditions

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the oral health conditions of Caaporã-PB students in the dental caries prevalence, periodontal changes and quality of oral hygiene. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study with 320 students in the ages of 5, 12 and 15 to 19 years with 62, 112 and 146 students, respectively was conducted. The confidence level was 95%, with a 5% margin of error and the sample wasn’t randomly selected. The dmft and DMFT indices for decayed, missing and filled teeth, the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI), and Community Periodontal Index (CPI) to assess bleeding gingival and teeth calculus were employed. A descriptive and inferential analysis of the data with Chi-square test (α=0.05) was conducted. RESULTS: The dmft was 3.69+4.71 at 5 years and 42% hadn’t caries experience. The DMFT was obtained, respectively, 2.44+2.60 and 3.73+3.28 at 12 and 15 to 19 years, with 20.6% and 17.1% without caries experience. The median of SOHI was 1.16±0.51 and there wasn’t difference in relation to caries (p>0.05). It was found that 90.1% of students with gum bleeding and 85.7% with teeth calculus had DMFT>1 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The caries prevalence was considered high at 5 years, low to 12 and mean at 15 to 19 years. Oral hygiene was classified as regular, being more deficient in children of 5 years. There was association (p<0.05) between decay and gum bleeding conditions (OR=3.117, CI=1.332-7.296) and dental calculus (OR=1.983, CI=1.027-3.829). These results allow the directing of health actions and therefore obtain better oral conditions.

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A comparison of nutritional status of rural and urban adolescent girls from schools in North India: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181712 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1996

Author(s):

Neha Goyal

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

North India ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Z Scores ◽

Height For Age

Background: Adolescence is a nutritionally vulnerable period for a number of specific reasons, including high requirements for growth, eating patterns and lifestyles, risk-taking behaviour and, susceptibility to social and environmental influences. The objectives of the study were to compare the nutritional status of rural and urban school going adolescent girls by anthropometric measurements.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in urban as well as rural schools of Haldwani block of district Nainital from October 2012 to September 2014. Multistage random sampling was used to select the requisite number, 770 (443 rural and 327 urban) of school going adolescent girls of 10 to 19 years of age, who were interviewed and anthropometric measurements were recorded for assessing the nutritional status. WHO 2007 growth standards for 5-19 years old for girls was followed. Height-for-age Z scores and BMI-for-age Z scores were calculated with help of WHO Anthro Plus Software version 1.0.4. Data was analysed using SPSS v.20.Results: Mean weight and mean BMI of adolescent girls in urban area was significantly higher than those in rural area, while mean height in two groups was not significantly different. Mean height-for-age and the mean BMI-for-age of the study girls was below median of the 2007 WHO reference throughout the adolescent period.Conclusions: Thinness was significantly higher in rural girls while overweight and obesity was not significantly different in rural and urban girls.

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Coronary Artery Disease and Periodontal disease –Does severity correlates? An Angiographically confirmed cross-sectional study, Jaipur, India

Indian Journal of Community Health ◽

10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i04.021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 731-736

Author(s):

Vasim Raja Panwar ◽

Abhishek Sharma ◽

Shashi Mohan Sharma ◽

Sujal Parkar ◽

Setu Mathur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Gensini Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Community Periodontal Index ◽

Artery Disease

Background: Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Chronic periodontal disease is the most common oral disease. Bacteremia associated with periodontal disease has an impact on vascular components and connective tissues, which in turn may play role in coronary artery disease. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess correlation between severity of coronary artery disease and periodontal disease. Material and methods: Severity of coronary artery disease was assessed by calculating Gensini scores from the coronary angiograms while periodontal status was assessed clinically by using community periodontal index (CPI) and loss of attachment index (LOA) as per WHO methodology 1997 among 700 participants. Results: The average Gensini score was reported as 30.54 ± 22.84. A significant correlation (P<0.05) was found between Gensini score and CPI score 0, 2, 3 and 4. Conclusion: Weak correlation was found between severity of coronary artery disease and periodontitis.

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Correlates and determinants of nutritional status of adolescent girls: a comparative study among government and private schools

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181233 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 1547

Author(s):

Prashant R. Kokiwar ◽

P. Yadu Vamshi Reddy ◽

P. Nikitha ◽

P. Rajitha ◽

P. Nissi Angeline ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Private Schools ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Private School ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Malnourished Child ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Government School ◽

The Mean

Background: Under nourished adolescent girls are more likely to give birth to malnourished child when they become pregnant and deliver. Hence their nutritional status is of much more importance. Objectives were to study the nutritional status of adolescent girls, to study the correlates and determinants of nutritional status and compare it between government and private schools.Methods: A school based cross sectional study was carried out for a period of three months. This study was comparative in nature, comparing the adolescent girls from government and private schools. It was possible to study 74 and 97 adolescent girls from government and private schools respectively. Anthropometric measurements were recorded using standard guidelines.Results: There were only 4 cases (5.4%) of underweight and only 3 cases (4.1%) in government school. Similarly there was only one case (1.03%) of underweight and only 7 (7.2%) of the cases in the private school. The mean height was significantly less among the children from government school compared to the private school. But there was no difference between the mean weight and BMI of children from two schools.Conclusions: Prevalence of overweight and obesity was low in the present study. It was not found to be associated with education and occupation of parents and type of family.

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P0165HYPERTENSION IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE CHILDREN: IMPACT ASSESMENT OF ABPM PARAMETERS

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0165 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Diletta Apuzzo ◽

Luigi Annicchiarico Petruzzelli ◽

Serena Ascione ◽

Adele Corcione ◽

Deianira Pedoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

White Coat Hypertension ◽

Masked Hypertension ◽

Z Score ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Obese Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevention Methods ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background and Aims We describe the relationship between overweight and obesity and Hypertension on ABPM. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study using a database of patients aged 6-16 years, who had undergone 24h ABPM from December 2002 through December 2016. ABPM were performed using the validated device Spacelab 90217. Were evaluated the 24h MAP, daytime MAP, nocturnal MAP, systolic and diastolic load, MAP Systolic and Diastolic. Subjects were grouped by BMI Z-score into overweight (>1<2), obese (BMI Z-score >2<3) and severe obese (BMI Z-score >3). A total of 1016 patients were enrolled and recorded n.1210 ABPMs. Obese pts were 202 (19.8%); 126 M;76F;median age 10,2 y. Overweight childrens were 97 (11.9%);52 M;45F;median age 8,4y. Results Among overweight childrens (BMI Z-Score >1<2): 12 (12.3%) had hypertension, 22 (22.6%) pre-hypertension, 15 (15.4%) MH; non dipping pattern was recorded in 26 (52%). 48 were normotensive. Among obese childrens, 122 had hypertension (60.3%): 24 pts had Masked Hypertension (19.6%); 72 (59.0%) had severe ambulatory hypertension with BMI z-score >3 (mean 3.8) ,and in this category all pts were both systolic and diastolic non dipping. 32 (64%) obese with BMI z-score >2, <3 were non-dipping. Diastolic load was significantly higher (p>0,0001) in severe obese. 28 pts had ambulatory prehypertension (13.8%), 11 pts had White Coat Hypertension (4.9%).41 pts had normotension (20.2%). Conclusion The severity of ambulatory hypertension increased with increased BMI Z-score. The non-dipping status is associated, not only with higher BMI Z-score, but was present in overweight and obese with BMI z-score >2<3 also. ABPM is an effective tool that should become routine in all obese patient, but also in overweight childrens, which may lead to better treatments and prevention methods.

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Childhood Obesity and its Influence on Sleep Disorders: Kids-Play Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17217948 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (21) ◽

pp. 7948

Author(s):

Antonio Manuel Sánchez-López ◽

Jessica Pamela Noack-Segovia ◽

Ana María Núñez-Negrillo ◽

Julio Latorre-García ◽

María José Aguilar-Cordero

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disorders ◽

Life Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Obese Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Respiratory Polygraphy ◽

Central Apnoea ◽

Hypopnea Syndrome

Background: Sleep disorders are associated with overweight and obese children, and could decrease life quality with limitations to normal daily activities. The purpose of the study is to describe the prevalence of sleep disorders in a cohort of overweight/obese children using respiratory polygraphy. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Granada (Spain) on a sample of 98 children with overweight or obesity. The presence of sleep disorders was determined by respiratory polygraphy. Results: Regarding apnoea–hypopnea-index (AHI) results, 44% of affected children had severe sleep apnoea–hypopnea syndrome (SAHS), and the remaining 56% had a mild form of the disorder. With respect to oxygen-desaturation index, 56% of the same group had severe SAHS, 32% had mild SAHS, and the remaining 12% did not suffer from SAHS. Among participants, average scores of 13.8 obstructive apnoea, 7.7 central apnoea, and 13.6 hypopnoea were recorded. Conclusions: Respiratory polygraphy can provide conclusive results in the diagnosis of SAHS in overweight/obese children. Interventional programmes designed and implemented to reduce overweight and obesity can improve quality of sleep and life in children.

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Health Literacy Associations with Periodontal Disease among Slovak Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17062152 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 2152

Author(s):

Silvia Timková ◽

Tatiana Klamárová ◽

Eva Kovaľová ◽

Bohuslav Novák ◽

Peter Kolarčik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Good Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Periodontal Index ◽

Community Periodontal Index

Periodontal disease is inflammation of the gums and without good oral hygiene, it can progress to periodontitis. Oral hygiene might be related to a patient’s health literacy (HL), defined as ability to gain access, understand, and use information to promote and maintain good health. The aim of our study is to examine the associations of HL with indicators of periodontal disease. A cross-sectional study on 1117 adults (36.2% males; mean age = 36.4, SD = 14.2) attending dental hygiene treatment was conducted. Data on demographics, socioeconomic status, and nine domains of HL (Health Literacy Questionnaire, HLQ) were collected by questionnaire, and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) was established by the dental hygienist. Data were analysed using t-tests and logistic regression. Respondents with periodontal disease (N = 152) had statistically significantly lower levels of HL in seven out of nine HLQ domains compared to intact patients (N = 818) (t from 3.03 to 4.75, p < 0.01). Association of higher HL in seven domains with lower chance of diagnosed periodontal disease remain significant even after adjustment for age, gender and educational attainment (adjusted ORs 0.55–0.67, p < 0.05). Our findings confirm that an individual’s lower HL is significantly associated with higher chance of periodontal disease incidence, specifically among Slovak adults attending oral hygiene clinics. HL might be a promising factor in the improvement of oral health in this population, worthy of consideration in intervention and preventive activities.

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