scholarly journals Relationship between Lambl’s excrescences and embolic strokes of undetermined source

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Setareh Salehi Omran ◽  
Salama Chaker ◽  
Mackenzie P Lerario ◽  
Alexander E Merkler ◽  
Babak B Navi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Transoesophageal Echocardiography ◽  
Embolic Stroke ◽  
Large Vessel ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Introduction About one-fourth of ischaemic strokes are classified as embolic strokes of undetermined source. Lambl’s excrescences are commonly seen on cardiac valves, and data are limited on whether they may be a source of embolization. We examined the relationship between Lambl’s excrescences and embolic stroke of undetermined source. Patients and Methods We performed a case-control study of patients in the Cornell AcutE Stroke Academic Registry. Stroke aetiologies were adjudicated using the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment and embolic stroke of undetermined source criteria. We included patients with acute ischaemic stroke between 2011 and 2016 who underwent transthoracic or transoesophageal echocardiography within six months of hospitalisation. Cases were embolic stroke of undetermined source patients and controls were patients with an identified, non-cardioembolic stroke aetiology (i.e. small- or large-vessel strokes). Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between Lambl’s excrescences and embolic stroke of undetermined source after adjustment for demographics, comorbidities and mode of echocardiography. Results A total of 923 patients met the criteria for this analysis, including 530 with embolic stroke of undetermined source and 393 with small- or large-vessel strokes. Lambl’s excrescences were identified in 47 (8.9%) patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source and 11 (2.8%) patients with small- or large-artery strokes, but the majority (54/58) of Lambl’s excrescences were visualised on transoesophageal echocardiogram and embolic stroke of undetermined source patients were more likely to undergo transoesophageal echocardiogram. After adjustment for demographics, comorbidities and mode of echocardiography, we found no association between the presence of Lambl’s excrescences and embolic stroke of undetermined source (odds ratio 0.9; 95% confidence interval 0.4–2.3). Conclusion We found no association between Lambl’s excrescences and embolic stroke of undetermined source. These results do not support the hypothesis that Lambl’s excrescences are an occult cause of embolic stroke of undetermined source.

scholarly journals Risk factors for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sumangala Devi ◽  
Bindu Vijaykumar
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Record Review ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Background: Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common reasons for NICU admissions. The frequency of neonatal jaundice has been on an increase since the last decade. Is the increase due to changes in obstetric practice or drugs? There is no definite reason. This study was undertaken to find out any obstetric characteristics which may contribute to the development of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia and which is modifiable.Methods: Record review data from 140 singleton deliveries at the Institute of Maternal & Child Health ,Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala were analyzed to determine the relationship between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (>10mg/dl) and maternal characteristics. Confounding variables were controlled by multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: There was statistically significant relationship between hyperbilirubinemia and LBW, preterm delivery, PPROM, breast feeding, neonatal infection, instrumental delivery and presence of GDM and IUGR.Conclusions: By identifying these obstetric characteristics, we may be able to modify them and reduce the need for NICU admissions for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia.

Risk factors and outcomes of postoperative emergency response team activation: a matched case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Matthew I Hardman ◽  
◽  
S Chandralekha Kruthiventi ◽  
Michelle R Schmugge ◽  
Alexandre N Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVE: To determine patient and perioperative characteristics associated with unexpected postoperative clinical deterioration as determined for the need of a postoperative emergency response team (ERT) activation. DESIGN: Retrospective case–control study. SETTING: Tertiary academic hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Patients who underwent general anaesthesia discharged to regular wards between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015 and required ERT activation within 48 postoperative hours. Controls were matched based on age, sex and procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Baseline patient and perioperative characteristics were abstracted to develop a multiple logistic regression model to assess for potential associations for increased risk for postoperative ERT. RESULTS: Among 105 345 patients, 797 had ERT calls, with a rate of 7.6 (95% CI, 7.1–8.1) calls per 1000 anaesthetics (0.76%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the following risk factors for postoperative ERT: cardiovascular disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.61; 95% CI, 1.18–2.18), neurological disease (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.11–2.22), preoperative gabapentin (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.17–2.20), longer surgical duration (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02–1.11, per 30 min), emergency procedure (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.09–2.18), and intraoperative use of colloids (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.17–1.92). Compared with control participants, ERT patients had a longer hospital stay, a higher rate of admissions to critical care (55.5%), increased postoperative complications, and a higher 30-day mortality rate (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.73–6.54). CONCLUSION: We identified several patient and procedural characteristics associated with increased likelihood of postoperative ERT activation. ERT intervention is a marker for increased rates of postoperative complications and death.

Antioxidant potential of diet: Association between dietary antioxidant index and odds of coronary heart disease: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Farhad Vahid ◽  
Zahra Nasiri ◽  
Amir Abbasnezhad ◽  
Ezatollah Fazeli Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are among the leading causes of coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies investigated the relationship between dietary antioxidants and the risk/odds of CHD, and contradictory results have been reported. Dietary antioxidant index (DAI) is a novel and reliable nutritional tool that examines the diet’s overall antioxidant capacity. Its validity was examined using serum total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between DAI score and odds of CHD. METHODS: In this incidence case-control study, 320 individuals with a definitive diagnosis of CHD and 320 participants without CHD or related risk factors attending the same hospitals/polyclinics were selected as the case and control groups. We estimated the DAI by summing up six standardized intakes of major dietary antioxidants, including manganese, vitamin E, A, C, selenium, and zinc. RESULTS: Modeling DAI categorized according to the median (–0.38), in multi-adjusted model showed a significant protective association with the odd of CHD (OR = 0.72; 95%CI:0.51–0.99, p-value = 0.05). Also, modeling DAI as a continuous variable in multi-adjusted models (OR = 0.94;95%CI:0.90–0.95; p-value = 0.01) showed significant results. CONCLUSION: Using the DAI to investigate the relationship between dietary antioxidants and CHD can show more realistic results than a single study of antioxidants.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Shoe Fitting and Foot Health of Persons with Down Syndrome: A Case Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 983 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Calvo-Lobo ◽  
Ana Ramos García ◽  
Marta Losa Iglesias ◽  
Daniel López-López ◽  
David Rodríguez-Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Foot Health ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study
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