Melonite from Kingash and Kuskanak, Eastern Sayans, Russia, and the extent of Bi-for-Te substitution in melonite and synthetic Ni(Te,Bi)2–x

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Y. Barkov ◽  
Gennadiy I. Shvedov ◽  
Roberta L. Flemming ◽  
Anna Vymazalová ◽  
Robert F. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metals ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Formula Unit ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Residual Melt ◽  
Ore Zones

AbstractWe describe occurrences of palladoan melonite in intimate intergrowths with cobaltite-gersdorffite from the Neoproterozoic dunite-wehrlite-gabbro complexes of Kingash and Kuskanak, Eastern Sayans, Russia. The observed compositional trends of melonite are consistent with the overallvariations examined on the basis of numerous literature sources. The levels of Bi in NiTe2 are normally limited to ≤0.25 Bi atoms per formula unit (apfu), under natural conditions. Greater levels (≤0.5 Bi apfu) are associated with the (Pd + Pt) enrichment in the palladoanvarieties. The telluride–sulfarsenide intergrowths probably formed at Kingash and Kuskanak late in the crystallization history of the ore zones, from microdroplets of residual melt rich in semimetals (Te, Bi, As) and noble metals (Pd and Ag), below the solidus of the enclosing gabbroicrocks and within a narrow range of temperatures (500–550°C). On the basis of our observations made on specimens of melonite and synthetic Ni(Te,Bi)2–x (x = 0.6), we infer that the limit of incorporation of Bi into a melonitetype phase is ≤0.5 Bi apfu.

State-by-State Use of AMA Guides

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-7, 16
Keyword(s):  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Federal Employees ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Canadian Provinces

Abstract This article presents a history of the origins and development of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), from the publication of an article titled “A Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment of the Extremities and Back” (1958) until a compendium of thirteen guides was published in book form in 1971. The most recent, sixth edition, appeared in 2008. Over time, the AMA Guides has been widely used by US states for workers’ compensation and also by the Federal Employees Compensation Act, the Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act, as well as by Canadian provinces and other jurisdictions around the world. In the United States, almost twenty states have developed some form of their own impairment rating system, but some have a narrow range and scope and advise evaluators to consult the AMA Guides for a final determination of permanent disability. An evaluator's impairment evaluation report should clearly document the rater's review of prior medical and treatment records, clinical evaluation, analysis of the findings, and a discussion of how the final impairment rating was calculated. The resulting report is the rating physician's expert testimony to help adjudicate the claim. A table shows the edition of the AMA Guides used in each state and the enabling statute/code, with comments.

Revision, phylogeny and natural history of Cotithene Voss (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1782 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICO M. FRANZ
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Host Shifts ◽  
History Of

Cotithene Voss, a previously monotypic genus of Neotropical derelomine flower weevils (Curculionidae: Derelomini), is revised, with provision of a key to the species, cladistic analysis and notes on its natural history. The following six new species are described: C. anaphalanta (Costa Rica), C. dicranopygia (Costa Rica), C. leptorhamphis (Costa Rica, Panama), C. melanoptera (Venezuela), C. stratiotricha (Costa Rica) and C. trigaea (Costa Rica). The monophyly of Cotithene is supported by the characters of a dorsomedially expanded, carinate rostrum, ventrally angulate head, long and anteriorly directed setation on the anterior margin of the prosternum and an apicodorsally expanded aedeagus with paired sclerites in the male, and subcontiguous to separated procoxal cavities in the female. Particularly the males of several species have intriguing and allometrically scaled modifications on the head (triangular projections, long setae) and pronotum (expansion, tumescences), which possibly play a role in male-to-male conflicts. Cotithene species are specialized to visit and reproduce on a narrow range of typically closely related species of Cyclanthaceae. The adults do not function as pollinators, and the herbivorous larvae develop in the fruiting organs of their hosts, frequently triggering the abortion of infructescences. An analysis of 12 taxa (5 outgroup, 7 ingroup) and 32 morphological characters yielded a single most parsimonious cladogram (L = 38, CI = 89, RI = 93) with the topology (C. dicranopygia, (C. stratiotricha, ((C. leptorhamphis, C. trigaea), (C. globulicollis Voss, (C. anaphalanta, C. melanoptera))))). The evolution of morphological traits and host shifts is examined in light of the proposed phylogeny.

scholarly journals Volcanic history of the Imbrium basin: A close-up view from the lunar rover Yutu

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (17) ◽  
pp. 5342-5347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhai Zhang ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Sen Hu ◽  
Yangting Lin ◽  
Guangyou Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Regolith ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Lunar Soil ◽  
Lunar Rover ◽  
Surface Exploration ◽  
Mantle Reservoir ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radar Measurements ◽  
Residual Melt

We report the surface exploration by the lunar rover Yutu that landed on the young lava flow in the northeastern part of the Mare Imbrium, which is the largest basin on the nearside of the Moon and is filled with several basalt units estimated to date from 3.5 to 2.0 Ga. The onboard lunar penetrating radar conducted a 114-m-long profile, which measured a thickness of ∼5 m of the lunar regolith layer and detected three underlying basalt units at depths of 195, 215, and 345 m. The radar measurements suggest underestimation of the global lunar regolith thickness by other methods and reveal a vast volume of the last volcano eruption. The in situ spectral reflectance and elemental analysis of the lunar soil at the landing site suggest that the young basalt could be derived from an ilmenite-rich mantle reservoir and then assimilated by 10–20% of the last residual melt of the lunar magma ocean.

scholarly journals SCYTHIAN TIME HILLFORTS IN THE DNIEPER LEFT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE: GENERAL CHARACTERIZATION, CATALOGUE, TYPOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
O. O. Bilynskyi
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
General Characterization ◽  
Special Construction ◽  
Type Settlement ◽  
History Of

The article represents general characteristics of the scythian time hillforts in the Dnieper left-bank forest-steppe. The reasons of building the hillforts, history of their investigations and existing typologies are described. Based on the investigation of constructive solutions which were used by scythian time population the typology of hillforts is offered. Analysys of natural conditions of the sites helped to construct typology of geomorphological position of the hillforts and analysys of the square of the sites gave the posibility to make classification by the square. Consequently any hillfort can be described by three main characteristics: construction, geomorphology, square. It helps to avoid subjective assessment of hillfort functions and to separate characteristics which form the type. Settlement system of the hillforts was analysed separately by main left Dneiper feeders. This approach allows to define a difference in settlement system and find out a special construction solutions which were used by scythian time population. In addition, the catalogue of the hillforts in left-bank Dnieper region is included in the article.

scholarly journals Permafrost Regions In Transition: Introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Streletskiy ◽  
Alexey A. Maslakov ◽  
Irina D. Streletskaya ◽  
Frederick E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environments ◽  
Permafrost Degradation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Permafrost Regions

Russian permafrost regions are unparalleled in extent, history of development, population presence, and the scale of economic activities. This special issue, «Permafrost Regions in Transition», provides a timely opportunity to (a) examine major issues associated with changing permafrost conditions in natural environments and areas of economic development; (b) present insights into new methods of permafrost investigations; and (c) describe new opportunities and risks threatening sustainable development of Arctic populations and industrial centers in Russia. The issue begins with papers focused on methods of permafrost research, followed by papers focused on examining changes in permafrost under natural conditions, and in Arctic settlements. The last two papers examine potential impacts of permafrost degradation on the Russian economy and potential health implications.

An Invisible Nation? The BBC and English-language Arts Television in Wales

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-428
Author(s):  
Amy Genders
Keyword(s):  
Language Arts ◽  
Public Service ◽  
English Language Arts ◽  
English Language ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Cultural Representation ◽  
Public Service Broadcasting ◽  
True Diversity ◽  
History Of

The history of the BBC's regional programming is one of perennial tension between representing and reflecting the diversity of the UK's nations and regions and what is often perceived as an unrelenting ‘metropolitan centricity’. Through charting the mixed fortunes of English-language arts television for and about Wales, this article examines how the narrow range of cultural representation available on BBC television is situated within a public service broadcasting strategy that continues to regard regional arts as inherently ‘provincial’ and as such, inferior to that of London. The data and analysis presented derives from a broader study based on 21 qualitative interviews conducted with key figures directly involved in the production and commissioning of arts content across the BBC's television, radio and online services. The accounts provided by these interviewees are also contextualised by analysis of broadcasting policy and internal BBC documents, including annual yearbooks and reports. The article concludes by arguing that if the BBC is to reflect more adequately the true diversity of the UK's nations and regions and the distinct arts and cultures constituted within them, it must start by devolving its commissioning powers more equally. Rather than merely shifting centralisation from London to allocated ‘centres of excellence’ such as Scotland in the case of arts broadcasting, an effective public service arts proposition should strive to give greater autonomy and agency to the nations and regions so that they might build their arts strategies in their own image as opposed to that of the capital.

A New Natural History of Religion

1910 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Coe
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Idea Of God

That religion has a natural history, being included under the concepts that constitute the sciences of biology, psychology, and sociology, may by this time be assumed without argument. Details of the movement remain to be determined, but there is no longer any occasion to ask whether religion, or some form of it, is interpolated into the system of nature. But to adopt a principle is not the same as to apply it consistently. In spite of good intentions, remnants of the older view become incorporated into our would-be scientific structures. As instances, Professor King, in the book under review, specifies Max Müller's “perception of the infinite,” Morris Jastrow's “religious instinct,” Tiele's “innate sense of infinity,” Brinton's postulate of “ a religiosity of man as a part of his psychical being,” and the theological notion of the gradual revelation of a specific and so-to-say pre-determined idea of God. In all these King sees only so many interpolations. They inject a formed religious consciousness into history, instead of explaining the genesis of the consciousness itself. The author therefore undertakes to show how religion first emerges out of a pre-religious type of life, and how ceremonial, the gods, and the development of high religions can all be fully accounted for by strictly natural conditions. Whether or not all his conclusions are convincing, he has produced a book that must be reckoned with.

Development of a Variant of Scalar Constitutive Equations Suitable for Description of the near Super-Plastic Regimes of Deforming

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bhaskaran ◽  
B.B. Jha ◽  
B.K. Mishra ◽  
Olga I. Bylya ◽  
M.K. Sarangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Loading History ◽  
Superplastic Behavior ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Super Plastic ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Elongation

When deformations are carried out with fine grained microstructure and within a narrow range of strain rates and temperature, metals and ceramics have been shown to exhibit superplastic behavior. Under these conditions the material demonstrates unusually high elongation with a relatively stable microstructure. But when the above mentioned parameters lie beyond a limit, near superplastic behavior is observed. The microstructure changes actively during the process of deformation and the response of the material becomes dependant on the history of loading. A model to describe the dependence on loading history by taking into account the change in microstructure is proposed. The model predicts the general trends observed and also provides possible explanation to some of the effects observed in the experimental data.

scholarly journals The Leeuwenhoek Lecture, 1997: Marek's disease herpesvirus: oncogenesis and prevention

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1364) ◽  
pp. 1951-1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Biggs
Keyword(s):  
State Intervention ◽  
Marek's Disease ◽  
Marek’S Disease ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Challenge Virus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Tumour Formation ◽  
Viral Genes ◽  
History Of

There are a number of neoplasias for which a herpesvirus is an essential part of the aetiology. Of these, Marek's disease is the most common and provides excellent opportunities for the study of a herpesvirus–induced tumour both experimentally and under natural conditions in the field. Marek's disease is caused by an alpha herpesvirus; it differs from the other oncogenic herpesviruses which are gamma herpesviruses. It is a ubiquitous virus in poultry populations of the world and is highly cell–associated and contagious, yet only a proportion of infected fowl develop tumours. Evidence is presented to suggest that at least one of the reasons for a wide variation in the incidence of the disease is a temporal interplay between virulent viruses and viruses of low or no virulence. The viral genes associated with the oncogenicity of Marek's disease virus (MDV) are discussed and it is concluded that it is likely that several genes are involved. Finally, a brief history of vaccination to control Marek's disease is given and mode of action discussed. It is concluded that the mechanism of protection is mainly through an antiviral cell mediated immune response, resulting in a lowered challenge virus burden. Marek's disease viruses over the past 40 years have been evolving greater oncogenicity, some of which are not adequately controlled by the vaccines that are currently available. It is suggested that for MDV to produce tumours, there is a need for the cytolytic infection phase and that infection must be with an MDV which possesses a functional gC , ICP4 for maintaining latency which allows the expression of at least the 1.8 kb family, pp38, meq , and possibly pp14 genes, for maintaining the tumour state and possibly initiating this state. Intervention in this process reduces the chance of tumour formation and incidence in a population which can occur through natural or man–mediated infection with non–pathogenic MDVs.

scholarly journals Juries as Innovation in an Instructional Design and Technology Program: A Saga of Continuous Improvement Efforts

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave S. Knowlton ◽  
Lynette Johnson ◽  
Melissa Thomeczek ◽  
Yuliang Liu ◽  
Jody N. Lumsden
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Electronic Portfolios ◽  
Design And Technology ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
Instructional Design And Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Academic juries have a long tradition as a method of educating students and assessing their work. This tradition has been limited to a relatively narrow range of disciplines, such as architecture and various fine and performing arts. This article describes the case of an online graduate-level Instructional Design and Technology (IDT) program adopting and adapting a jury structure to support the development and assessment of students’ electronic portfolios. A key component of the adoption and adaptation is the continuous efforts to improve the impact of juries across their 10-year implementation (2005-2015) in the IDT program. Therefore, this paper explicates the history of jury establishment and development within the IDT program, reports two evaluations that provide students’ perspectives about juries, and details the IDT faculty members’ response to those evaluations in an effort to further improve juries as a program-wide innovation.

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