Serum Hepcidin Levels Correlate with Phenotypes of the Metabolic Syndrome At Population Level

Abstract Abstract 348 Background and Aims: Hepcidin is a 25 amino acid hormone mainly produced by the liver in response to increased plasma or tissue iron to homeostatically down-regulate absorption and recycling of the metal from duodenum and macrophages, respectively. Hepcidin expression is also upregulated by inflammation. Dysmetabolic hyperferritinemia is among the commonest causes of increased serum ferritin levels encountered in clinical practice, but its pathophysiology remains unclear. Indeed, the Metabolic Syndrome (MS) that affects near 20–25% of western adults, is characterized by subclinical inflammation, which hampers the interpretation of serum ferritin as a marker of body iron stores. We recently measured serum hepcidin levels in the large Val Borbera (VB) population to evaluate their genetic determinants (Traglia et al. J Med Genet 2011). Taking advantage of this survey, we investigated for the first time the relationships between hepcidin, ferritin, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and MS phenotypes at population level. Subjects and Methods: Serum hepcidin-25 levels measured by Mass Spectrometry were analyzed in 941 subjects for whom complete data allowing classification of MS according to NLHBI criteria (fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dl or antidiabetes medication; blood pressure ≥135/85 mmHg or antihypertensive medication; triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl; HDL cholesterol <40 mg/dl in men and < 50 mg/dl in women; and obesity) and CRP levels were available. MS was defined by having ≥3 of the above criteria. Due to the known important gender differences in hepcidin levels (Traglia M et al. J Med Genet 2011), multivariate analyses were done separately in males (n=400, 21.8% with MS) and females (n=541, 18.5% with MS). Main Results: Serum hepcidin-25 levels increased linearly with the increasing number of MS traits in males (ANOVA: F=6.8, P=0.009) and, even more strongly, in females (ANOVA: F=35.2, P<0.001). This trends paralleled those of serum ferritin levels in both genders. In multivariate analyses adjusted for age and SNP rs1800562 (C282Y mutation in the HFE gene), the inclusion of ferritin in males abolished but in females only reduced the association of hepcidin with MS. On the contrary, CRP did not influence the same association in both genders. Regarding the single MS criteria, the strongest association of hepcidin were observed with body mass index, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose (P<0.001 for all three) in females. Conclusions: Hepcidin levels are strongly associated with MS features at population level, independently of subclinical inflammation. This association appears to reflect a response to increasing iron stores in males, while in females some MS traits may directly influence hepcidin levels. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Is depression a cause of metabolic abnormality? A European Small State experience

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

S Cuschieri

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cholesterol Level ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Health Examination ◽

High Cholesterol ◽

Small State ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

High Cholesterol Level ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background A relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome has been reported. Considering the diabesity rates effecting the small state of Malta it was considered appropriate to explore for links between these diseases, their metabolic determinants with depression. Methods A national health examination survey was conducted. A validated questionnaire note down (1) self-reported depression (2) anti-depressive medication (3) PHQ-9 depression symptoms score (>5 positive for depression). Participants with the presence of one or more of these variables were labelled as having depression. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) were measured. Blood testing for fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profile were performed. The biochemical (FBG, Lipid profiles) and anthropometric profiles (BMI, WC, BP) of the depression population were compared to those without this disease. Univariant and multivariant binary logistic regression models were performed. Results The depression population (17.2% of the total population) had significantly higher median LDL, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels when compared to those without the disease (p = <0.01). On univariant modelling each variable (LDL OR:1.15 p = 0.01; TG OR:1.16 p = 0.01; TC OR:1.64 p = <0.01) showed a positive association with having depression even after adjusting for confounding factors (sex, age, education, smoking, alcohol habits). On multivariant modelling only an increase in TC was associated with increased risk of having depression (OR: 1.36 CI95%: 1.05-1.76 p = 0.02) after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions The various components of the metabolic syndrome appeared not to be associated with a diagnosis of depression. Only high cholesterol level exhibited a metabolic link with depression. Although further research is merited, it is suggested that physicians incorporate a depression screening tool as part of their consultation when examining high-risk patients. Key messages A metabolic syndrome profile is not linked with depression. A high cholesterol level is linked with depression, making these individuals susceptible to potential cardiovascular disease.

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Cortisol, DHEAS, their ratio and the metabolic syndrome: evidence from the Vietnam Experience Study

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-09-1078 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 162 (5) ◽

pp. 919-923 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Anna C Phillips ◽

Douglas Carroll ◽

Catharine R Gale ◽

Janet M Lord ◽

Wiebke Arlt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Military Service ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Us Army ◽

Telephone Interviews ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vietnam Era

ObjectivesThe aim of these analyses was to examine the association of cortisol, DHEAS and the cortisol:DHEAS ratio with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components.DesignThe analyses were cross-sectional.MethodsParticipants were 4255 Vietnam era US army veterans. From military service files, telephone interviews and a medical examination, occupational, socio-demographic and health data were collected. MetS was ascertained from data on body mass index; fasting blood glucose or a diagnosis of diabetes; blood pressure or a diagnosis of hypertension; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and triglyceride levels. Contemporary morning fasted cortisol and DHEAS concentrations were determined. The outcomes were MetS and its components. Analysis was by logistic regression, first adjusting for age and then additionally for an array of candidate confounders.ResultsCortisol, although not in the fully adjusted analysis, and DHEAS were both related to MetS. Whereas high cortisol concentrations were associated with an increased risk of MetS, high DHEAS concentrations appeared protective. By far, the strongest associations with MetS were observed for the cortisol:DHEAS ratio; the higher the ratio, the greater the risk of having MetS. The ratio was also significantly related to four of the five MetS components.ConclusionsThe cortisol:DHEAS ratio is positively associated with MetS. Prospective analyses are needed to help untangle direction of causality, but this study suggests that the cortisol:DHEAS ratio is worthy of further study in this and other health contexts.

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The metabolic syndrome in healthy, multiethnic adolescents in Toronto, Ontario: The use of fasting blood glucose as a simple indicator

Canadian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0828-282x(10)70360-3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. e128-e132 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Vladimir Vuksan ◽

Valentina Peeva ◽

Alexander Rogovik ◽

Uljana Beljan-Zdravkovic ◽

Mark Stavro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Simple Indicator

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Strategies to prevent the metabolic syndrome at the population level: role of authorities and non-governmental bodies

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114500001148 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 83 (S1) ◽

pp. S181-S186 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Åke Bruce

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Population Level ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Food Products ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Health Claims ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

International Policies ◽

Nutrition Policies

The remarkable increase over the past 40 years in some chronic diseases, including the metabolic syndrome, has increased the demand for government and international policies to encourage various approaches to decrease the risk of these diseases. There are some prerequisites for working out successful national food and nutrition policies. Firstly, it is necessary to have a clear picture of the dietary pattern in a country and its associated public health problems. Based on these data, nutrient recommendations and goals are formulated by international or national scientific committees. Governments should translate these nutrient goals into food goals and eventually into national dietary guidelines. The means by which the national authorities can implement a nutrition policy include fortification and supplementation. Equally important are educational and informative tools, such as labelling on the packed food products including information about ingredients and nutrient content. With respect to the metabolic syndrome, this implies nutrient recommendations regarding the intake of fat and carbohydrates (energy per cent) and dietary fibre; dietary guidelines regarding balance between energy intake and expenditure; decreased consumption of products rich in fat and increased consumption of cereals and other products rich in dietary fibre, etc.; recommendations from the authorities regarding nutrient labelling (content of fat and dietary fibre) on relevant products; and nutrient and health claims and other aids (symbols) as tools to make it easier for consumers to select the appropriate food products.

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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Breast Cancer Survivors in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22221/v5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohd Razif Shahril ◽

Syed Amirfaiz ◽

Pei Lin Lua ◽

Ali Nurnazahiah ◽

Nor Syamimi Zakarai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Breast Cancer Survivors ◽

East Coast ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Components

Abstract Background: To date, limited data are available on metabolic syndrome prevalence among breast cancer survivors in Malaysia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and abnormal metabolic syndrome components among breast cancer survivors in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 95 breast cancer survivors (age 53.7±7.6 years) who have completed main cancer treatments for ≥6 months. Cancer survivors were recruited from two main government hospitals in Kelantan and Terengganu using a purposive sampling method. Results: According to the Harmonized criteria, the metabolic syndrome prevalence was 50.5%. Among those with metabolic syndrome, the most prevalent abnormal metabolic components were triglycerides (91.2%), fasting blood glucose (79.6%) and HDL-c level (78.4%). Except for total cholesterol and LDL-c, all other metabolic syndrome components were significantly different (p<0.05) between those with and without metabolic syndrome. Significant differences between metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome groups were found for weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage and cancer stages (p<0.05). However, no significant relationship was reported between sociodemographic, clinical parameters and metabolic syndrome among breast cancer survivors in this study. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent among breast cancer survivors. It is recommended for health care professionals to closely monitor and improve the triglycerides, blood glucose and HDL-c level of the breast cancer survivors under their care to control the detrimental effect of metabolic syndrome.

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Quality of Life and Metabolic Syndrome in Brazilian quilombola communities: A Crosssectional Study

Journal of Human Growth and Development ◽

10.7322/jhgd.152182 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 316-328

Author(s):

Luiz Vinicius De Alcantara Sousa ◽

Erika Da Silva Maciel ◽

Fernando Rodrigues Peixoto Quaresma ◽

Ana Carolina Gonçalves de Abreu ◽

Laércio Da Silva Paiva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Male Population ◽

Female Population ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Abdominal Perimeter

Introduction: The lifestyle of quilombola communities has changed due to extra community influence, thus affecting their environmental and behavioral factors related to the Metabolic Syndrome (MS). However, little is known about the influence of MS on the Quality of Life (QoL) of quilombola residents. Objective: We aimed to study the association between MS and QoL in quilombola communities in northern Tocantins, Brazil. Methods: The QoL of 147 adults from five quilombola communities from Tocantins was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument. Blood pressure, abdominal perimeter, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol were measured, and the presence of MS was defined as the alteration of at least three of these clinical aspects. The association of the clinical components and the SM presence with the Quality of Life was evaluated by Student’s t-test for independent samples. Results: We observed that in the total population, an altered abdominal perimeter had an inverse association with both the Physical (15.2 vs. 14.0, p=0.002) and General QoL domains (14.4 vs. 14.0, p=0.045), and MS was inversely associated with the Physical domain (14.9 vs. 14.0, p=0.030). When stratified by sex, the altered abdominal perimeters in men were inversely associated with the Physical (16.5 vs. 14.4, p<0.001), Environmental (14.0 vs. 12.6, p=0.020) and General domains (15.5 vs. 14.0, p<0.001). MS had an inverse association with the Physical (15.8 vs. 14.4, p=0.026) and General domains (14.8 vs. 14.0 p= 0.042) in men. In women there was no association between any risk factor studied and QoL domain. Conclusions: The status of MS was negatively associated with the quality of life of the male population, highlighting the abdominal perimeter, which influences the Physical and General domains of QoL, but in the female population the MS does not interfere in the perception of QoL. Understanding the relationship between chronic diseases and QoL in quilombola communities is necessary to reduce health inequalities in historically vulnerable communities.

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Heritability of the risk factors characteristic for the metabolic syndrome: a twin study

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2011.29165 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 152 (32) ◽

pp. 1265-1271 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

György Jermendy ◽

Levente Littvay ◽

Rita Steinbach ◽

Ádám Jermendy ◽

Ádám Tárnoki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors

Both genetic and environmental factors play role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. The magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on the components of metabolic syndrome may vary in different populations. Aims: The present study was aimed to determine the effects of genetic and environmental factors on risk factors characteristic for the metabolic syndrome. Methods: A total of 101 (63 monozygotic and 38 dizygotic) adult twin pairs (n = 202; mean age: 43.3±15.8 years) were investigated. Medical history was recorded and physical examination was carried out for each subject. Fasting venous blood samples were used for measuring laboratory parameters. The presented estimates include the heritability structural equation (A-C-E) model results. In Model-1, all presented parameters are age- and gender- corrected. In Model-2, parameters were corrected for age, gender, body mass index and waist circumference. Results: Heritability in waist circumference (as well as in other anthropometric parameters such as weight and height) was high (Model-1: 71.0–88.1%). Similarly, genetic factors had the highest proportion of total phenotypic variance in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (Model-2: 57.1% and 57.7%, respectively). Based on the results of Model-2, unique environmental factors dominate alterations in serum triglycerides values (55.9%) while shared environmental factors proved to be substantial in alterations of HDL-cholesterol and fasting blood glucose values (58.1% and 57.1%, respectively). Comparing the results of Model-1 and Model-2, the difference in A-C-E model varied from 0.0% to 17.1%, indicating that only a minor proportion of genetic and environmental influences can be explained by the effects of anthropometric parameters. Conclusions: Among adult Hungarian healthy people, genetic factors have substantial influence on waist circumference and blood pressure values while environmental factors dominate alterations in serum triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and fasting blood glucose values. The different heritability of individual risk factors challenges the original unifying concept of the metabolic syndrome. The results may be useful for establishing and implementing primary cardiovascular prevention both at individual and population levels. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1265–1271.

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Reversal Rate of Clustering of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in the General Population: The Niigata Preventive Medicine Study

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2010/623593 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shinsuke Okada ◽

Akiko Suzuki ◽

Hiroshi Watanabe ◽

Toru Watanabe ◽

Yoshifusa Aizawa

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Reversal Rate ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

The reversal rate from clustering of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors—components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is not known.Methods and Results. Among 35,534 subjects who received the annual health examinations at the NiigataHealth Foundation (Niigata, Japan), 4,911 subjects had clustering of 3 or more of the following CVD risk factors: (1) body mass index (BMI) ≥25 Kg/m2, (2) blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg in systolic and/or ≥85 mm Hg in diastolic, (3) triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, (4) high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤40 mg/dL in men, ≤50 mg/dL in women, and (5) fasting blood glucose ≥100 mg/dL. After 5 years 1,929 subjects had a reversal of clustering (39.4%). A reversal occurred more often in males. The subjects with a reversal of clustering had milder level of each risk factor and a smaller number of risk factors, while BMI was associated with the least chance of a reversal.Conclusion. We concluded that a reversal of clustering CVD risk factors is possible in 4/10 subjects over a 5-year period by habitual or medical interventions. Gender and each CVD risk factor affected the reversal rate adversely, and BMI was associated with the least chance of a reversal.

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