scholarly journals Variation in the Duration of Survival of Patients with Acute Leukemia

Blood ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 683-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN MACMAHON ◽  
DONALD FORMAN
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Group Survival ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Abstract Survey of records of 34 Brooklyn hospitals and of selected hospitals elsewhere in New York City revealed records of 623 white residents of Brooklyn diagnosed as having acute leukemia during the period 1943-52. Diagnosis was on the basis of marrow biopsy or autopsy in 79 per cent. Date of death was known for 96 per cent. Almost half of these patients died within one month of diagnosis, and three quarters before the end of the third month. Ten per cent survived for 6 months and 3 per cent for one year. The mean interval between diagnosis and death was 2.4 months. The duration of survival after diagnosis was longer for the group of patients in whom the cell type was diagnosed as lymphocytic, than in those diagnosed as granulocytic. Percentage of patients surviving three months was also significantly higher in the lymphocytic than in the granulocytic group. Average duration of survival was almost twice as long for patients in the first decade as for those in any subsequent age group. Survival was shorter for patients in whom the total white blood cell count taken at diagnosis was high. Duration of survival after diagnosis increased with increasing duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis. This suggests another limitation to the use for prognostic purposes of the interval between onset of symptoms and death. No association of survival with sex, religion or ABO blood group was detected.

scholarly journals Incomplete Kawasaki disease - a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
S Datta ◽  
S Maiti ◽  
G Das ◽  
A Chatterjee ◽  
P Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulin ◽  
Incomplete Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Echocardiographic Finding ◽  
2D Echocardiography ◽  
Acquired Heart Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Background The diagnosis of classical Kawasaki Disease was based on clinical criteria. The conventional criteria is particularly useful in preventing over diagnosis, but at the same time it may result in failure to recognize the incomplete form of Kawasaki Disease. Objective To suspect incomplete Kawasaki Disease, because early diagnosis and proper treatment may reduce substantial risk of developing coronary artery abnormality which is one of the leading causes of acquired heart disease in children. Method Nine cases of incomplete Kawasaki Disease were diagnosed over a period of one year. The diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki Disease was based on fever for five days with less than four classical clinical features and cardiac abnormality detected by 2D- echocardiography. A repeat echocardiography was done after 6 weeks of onset of illness. The patients were treated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin and/or aspirin. Result The mean age of the patients was 3.83 years and the mean duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 12.1 days. Apart from other criteria all of our patients had edema and extreme irritability. All the patients had abnormal echocardiographic finding. Five patients received only aspirin due to nonaffordability of Intravenous Immunoglobulin and four patients received both aspirin and Intravenous Immunoglobulin, but the outcome was excellent in all the cases. Conclusion Incomplete Kawasaki Disease can be diagnosed with more awareness and aspirin alone may be used as a second line therapy in case of non affordability of Intravenous Immunoglobulin. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-4, 30-35 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v9i4.10234

scholarly journals Factor XI Deficiency in Pregnant Women: A Case-Series from a New York City Hospital

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 16-16
Author(s):  
Guilherme Sacchi De Camargo Correia ◽  
Sridevi Rajeeve ◽  
Lawrence Cytryn
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
York City ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neuraxial Block ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
The Mean

Factor XI (FXI) deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder. In the general population, prevalence is estimated to be 1:1 million people for the homozygous presentation (PMID: 25100430). Nonetheless, in individuals of Ashkenazi and Iraqi Jewish ancestry, the prevalence of heterozygous cases is approximately 8% (PMID: 7811996). However, these numbers may be underestimates, as some patients are asymptomatic and, so, not accounted for. Pregnant women are a special population, as FXI deficiency may pose an increased risk during pregnancy and delivery. This study describes the experience of a General Hematology Outpatient Service to which pregnant women with FXI deficiency are referred. This case series aims to describe the clinical course of these patients, and any complications and interventions they may have experienced during pregnancy and delivery. This retrospective study identified a group of 49 patients with FXI deficiency who were evaluated by a single practitioner at the Hematology Outpatient Service at Mount Sinai West, in New York City, between October 2016 and February 2020. Patients were found to be FXI deficient on routine genetic screening early in their obstetric care. Their charts were reviewed, including epidemiological data, notes from Hematology and Obstetric Clinics and from the admission for delivery and laboratory results. Four patients were excluded from the final analysis: 3 who were not pregnant, and 1 who did not have FXI deficiency. Patients were seen in by the Hematology Service at least once during their pregnancy. FXI activity was measured at least twice during pregnancy: at the initial visit, and at about gestational week 37. The data were analyzed to obtain the mean and standard deviation for the most relevant clinical parameters. A comparison between FXI activity at the first visit and at last visit near term was made with a paired T-test. The included group of 45 patients presented a mean age at delivery of 34.09 years (range 26-45 years). Genetic data was available for 42 patients, with 2.38% being homozygous. Ethnicities were described for 39 patients, and 71.79% were identified as Ashkenazi Jewish. Among 39 patients who had their FXI gene (gene NM_000128.3) mutations described, the c.901T>C, p.F301L mutation was present in 61.54% of them. The mean FXI activity measured in the first appointment was 60.18%, (range 4-220%), while the mean FXI activity in week 37 of pregnancy was 52.08% (range 13-118%). When comparing the FXI activity on the first appointment and around week 37, no statistically significant difference was found (p=0.17). Four patients received preventive interventions on delivery. One patient was treated with Tranexamic Acid (TXA) and Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) transfusion due to a FXI activity of 21% on week 37, and received general anesthesia. Two patients received transfusion of FFP alone: 1 of them due to an elevated aPTT (57.4s) on delivery date, with no anesthesia on delivery; and the other one as a preventive measure in a patient with a FXI of 45% on week 37, but who was planned for a neuraxial block. A FXI activity of 40% is the cutoff for a neuraxial block by the Anesthesiology Department at our hospital. One patient was treated with TXA due to a borderline FXI activity of 42% and a personal history of bleeding on surgical procedures. She had an opioid patient-controlled analgesia on delivery. For the detailed data regarding mean blood loss on delivery, postpartum blood loss, and complete Hematologic and Obstetric data, see tables 1 and 2, and figures 1 and 2. Figure 3 presents a data comparison between the 2 most common genotypes observed. In our case series, no patient experienced bleeding complications during pregnancy or delivery. Monitoring FXI levels and aPTT throughout pregnancy and before delivery remains as the standard medical care (PMID: 27699729). The difference between FXI levels earlier in pregnancy and near delivery was not statistically significant, as noted in previous studies (PMID: 15199489). Checking FXI activity throughout pregnancy may not be necessary, and one measurement might be enough. Further study might be able to answer this question, as the optimal management of these patients remains a work in progress. Evidence for a reliable threshold FXI activity at which neuraxial anesthesia could be safely performed will be a valuable finding. Continuation of our study will allow for further data regarding the management of FXI deficient pregnant women. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals A formula for expressing the decrement of human life. In a letter addressed to Sir Edward Hyde East, Bart. M. P. F. R. S. By Thomas Young, M. D. For. Sec. R. S

1833 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 275-276
Keyword(s):  
Average Duration ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Prolongation Of Life ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Full Life ◽  
One Year

The author first observes that an opinion is generally prevalent, of a decided increase in the average duration of human life in many parts of Europe ; but he yet regards it as probable that this improvement has been much exaggerated, partly on account of the limited number of persons on whom the observations have been made, and partly from erroneous views respecting the profits of assurance companies. He then examines the evidence on which this opinion rests, and gives a comparative statement of the annual average of mortality, the mean term of full life, and the mean age of mankind, according to a great number of different authorities ; and considers that a prolongation of life to the extent of one year in eight, is a much fairer estimate than one in three, which some have maintained, even on the limited grounds of the experience on which they have reasoned.

The Shear Layer above and in Urban Canopies

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Huq ◽  
Louis A. White ◽  
Alejandro Carrillo ◽  
Jose Redondo ◽  
Seshu Dharmavaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Shear Layer ◽  
Urban Canopy ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Shear Layers ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Building Height ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The nature and role of the shear layer, which occurs at the level of the average building height in urban canopies, are poorly understood. Velocity data are analyzed to determine the characteristics of the shear layer of the urban canopy, defined as the broad, linear segment of the mean velocity profile in a region of high shear. Particle image velocimetry measurements in a water tunnel were undertaken to resolve velocity profiles for urban canopies of two geometries typical of Los Angeles, California, and New York City, New York, for which the aspect ratios (average building height-to-width ratio) H/wb are 1 and 3, respectively. The shear layers evolve with distance differently: For H/wb = 1 the urban canopy shear layer extends quickly from above the building height to ground level, whereas for H/wb = 3 the urban canopy shear layer remains elevated at the vicinity of the building height, only reaching to a depth of z/H ∼ 0.5 far downstream. Profiles of the mean velocity gradient also differ from each other for urban canopies associated with H/wb of 1 or 3. Values of shear dU/dz increase toward ground level for an urban canopy associated with H/wb = 1. For an urban canopy associated with H/wb = 3, localized peaks of shear dU/dz exist at the building height and at ground level, with values of shear decreasing to zero at building midheight and far above the building height. A consequence of the different forms of the shear layers of the two urban canopies is that the ground-level dispersion coefficient is likely to be greater for urban canopies associated with H/wb = 1 than for those associated with H/wb = 3 because of an increased ventilation and exchange mechanism for cities such as Los Angeles relative to cities such as New York City that possess urban canyons.

scholarly journals Reversal of Myopic Correction for Patients Intolerant to LASIK

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Amr A. Gab-Alla
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Optical Zone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Purpose. To evaluate the outcome of the reversal of myopia correction in patients intolerant to LASIK. Methods. This study is a retrospective and case series of patients who decided to reverse their previous myopic LASIK correction between July 2012 and July 2020. It was conducted at a private refractive surgery centre, Ismailia, Egypt. The patients were followed up after reversal treatment for one year. Primary LASIK and reversal treatment were performed by a 500 kHz Amaris excimer laser platform. The main outcomes included refractive predictability, stability, efficacy, and safety and any reported complications. Results. This study included 48 eyes of 24 patients (6 male and 18 female patients). The average duration between the primary LASIK surgery and reversal treatment was 3.20 ± 0.30 months (range 3 to 4 months). Reversal treatment was bilateral in all patients. The mean age of the patients was 38 ± 1.9 years (range 37 to 45 yrs). After reversal, the mean postreversal cycloplegic refraction spherical equivalent was −1.82 ± 0.34 D (range −1.50 to −3.00 D). The mean ablation depth was 34.10 ± 7.36 μm (range 20 to 46 μm), and the mean of the central corneal thickness 12 months after reversal treatment was 510.2 ± 14.4 μm (range 515 to 487 μm). The mean keratometric reading was 42.6 ± 1.6 (range 42.5 to 44.8). The mean of CDVA was 0.2 ± 0.03 log MAR (range −0.10 to 0.4 log MAR). The mean optical zone of reversal treatment was 6.1 ± 0.3 mm (range 5.9 to 6.2 mm). UDVA was 0.4 log MAR in 87.5% of the patients, 0.5 log MAR in 8.3% of the patients, and 0.6 log MAR in 4.2% of the patients. CDVA remained unchanged in 83.3% of patients; 2.1% of the patients gained one line of CDVA (Snellen); 8.3% of the patients lost one line of CDVA; 6.3% of the patients lost two lines of CDVA. No cases of corneal ectasia were recorded. The only postoperative complications were flap microfolds in 3 eyes (6.25%). Conclusion. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that reversal of myopic LASIK treatment is a safe, stable, and effective option for intolerant patients.

Rediasporization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Richards-Greaves
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Performance Space ◽  
Friday Evening ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Survival ◽  
Traditional Performance ◽  
Bride Price

This book examines how African-Guyanese in New York City participate in the Come to My Kwe-Kwe ritual to facilitate rediasporization, that is, the creation of a newer diaspora from an existing one. Since the fall of 2005, African-Guyanese in New York City have celebrated Come to My Kwe-Kwe (more recently called Kwe-Kwe Night) on the Friday evening before Labor Day. Come to My Kwe-Kwe is a reenactment of a uniquely African-Guyanese pre-wedding ritual called kweh-kweh, and sometimes referred to as karkalay, mayan, kweh-keh, and pele. A typical traditional (wedding-based) kweh-kweh has approximately ten ritual segments, which include the pouring of libation to welcome or appease the ancestors; a procession from the groom’s residence to the bride’s residence or central kweh-kweh venue; the hiding of the bride; and the negotiation of bride price. Each ritual segment is executed with music and dance, which allow for commentary on conjugal matters, such as sex, domestication, submissiveness, and hard work. Come to My Kwe-Kwe replicates the overarching segments of the traditional kweh-kweh, but a couple (male and female) from the audience acts as the bride and groom, and props simulate the boundaries of the traditional performance space, such as the gate and the bride’s home. This book draws on more than a decade of ethnographic research data and demonstrates how Come to My Kwe-Kwe allows African-Guyanese-Americans to negotiate complex, overlapping identities in their new homeland, by combining elements from the past and present and reinterpreting them to facilitate rediasporization and ensure group survival.

MANAGEMENT OF FEBRILE CONVULSIONS IN 1836

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-260
Author(s):  
T. E. C.
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Febrile Convulsion ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Febrile Convulsions ◽  
Hot Bath ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

One of the most popular early nineteenth century American pamphlets written to help parents care for their children in sickness and in health was that written by Dr. G. Ackerley of New York City. A good example of his style is the following quotation to help mothers manage their child's febrile convulsion: Fits in children are always attended with danger, and not a moment should be lost in sending for assistance. In the mean time strip the child of its clothes and place its feet and legs in cold water. Should its head be very hot, and the fits continue, pour a stream of cold water on the back of the child's head, holding it over a pail while its feet are still in the warm bath. Never plunge a child wholly in to the hot bath in cases of fits or convulsions, neither give it anything hot or stimulating to stop them; rather let it alone with what is already done until medical aid arrive (sic), then [for the parent] to proceed one step in doubt, when that step may lead to utter destruction of the life of the child.1

Abstract MP36: Poverty Modifies the Association of Health-Related Fitness and School Absenteeism in New York City Middle School Girls

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily M D'Agostino ◽  
Sophia E Day ◽  
Kevin J Konty ◽  
Michael Larkin ◽  
Subir Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Poverty Areas ◽  
Health Related ◽  
One Year ◽  
Percentile Scores ◽  
Very High ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Introduction: One-fifth to one-third of students in high-poverty, urban school districts do not attend school regularly (missing ≥6 days per year). Health related fitness is shown to be associated with absenteeism, although this relationship may differ across poverty and gender subgroups. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that area poverty would be a stronger effect modifier on the association of fitness (cardiorespiratory, muscular endurance, and muscular strength fitness composite percentile scores) and subsequent absenteeism (one-year lagged days absent) in girls compared with boys. Methods: Six cohorts of New York City public school students were followed from grades 5-8 during 2006/7-2012/13 (n=349,381). Stratified three-level longitudinal generalized linear mixed models were used to test the modification of poverty on the association of fitness changes and one-year lagged child-specific days absent across gender. Results: The fitness-absenteeism association was not significant in boys attending schools in high/very high (p=0.075) or low/mid poverty (p=0.454) areas. In girls attending schools in high/very high poverty areas, greater improvements in fitness the prior year were associated with greater improvements in attendance (p=0.034). Relative to the reference group (>20% decrease in fitness composite percentile scores from the prior year), girls with a large increase in fitness (>20%) demonstrated 10.3% fewer days absent (IRR 95% CI: 0.834, 0.964), followed by those who had a 10-20% increase in fitness (9.2%, IRR 95% CI: 0.835, 0.987), no change (5.4%, IRR 95% CI: 0.887, 1.007) and a 10-20% decrease in fitness (3.8%, IRR 95% CI: 0.885, 1.045). In girls attending schools in low/mid poverty areas, the fitness-attendance relationship was also positive, but no clear trend emerged. Conclusions: Fitness improvements may be more important to attendance improvements in high/very high poverty girls compared with low/mid poverty girls, and both high/very high and low/mid poverty boys. In conclusion, expanding school-based physical activity programs for girls in high-poverty neighborhoods may increase student attendance.

Caring for the Child with Cancer and the Family: Lessons Learned From Children With Acute Leukemia

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Olle Jane Sahler
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

In a report appearing in 1951, Southam et al1 reported on the natural history of 173 patients with acute leukemia treated supportively at Memorial Center for Cancer and Allied Diseases in New York City from 1926 to 1948. The study population included 65 children less than 10 years of age. The average length of survival of these patients was 19.3 weeks after the onset of symptoms attributable to leukemia. Of the entire sample of patients irrespective of age, only 4 (2.3%) survived 52 weeks or beyond. In 1948, Memorial Center began treating patients with folic acid or purine antagonists and steroids.

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