MLN4924, a Novel Investigational Inhibitor Of NEDD8-Activating Enzyme (NAE), In Adult Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS): Results From Multiple Dosing Schedules In a Phase 1 Study

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 1443-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. DeAngelo ◽  
Harry P Erba ◽  
Michael B Maris ◽  
Ronan T. Swords ◽  
Faiz Anwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Disease ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Multiple Dosing ◽  
E3 Ligases

Abstract Background NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) regulates the NEDD8 conjugation pathway, and is required for activity of the cullin-RING E3 ligases (CRLs). CRLs control proteasomal degradation of several substrates involved in cell-cycle regulation, signal transduction, DNA replication and stress response including proteins important for survival of AML cells. MLN4924, a first-in-class NAE inhibitor, has shown antitumor activity in preclinical AML models. This study evaluated safety and tolerability of MLN4924 given on multiple dosing schedules. A maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of 59 mg/m2 given on days 1, 3 and 5 of a 21-day cycle (schedule A) was previously reported (Erba et al, EHA 2011); complete responses were observed in 4/27 patients for this schedule (most common AE: diarrhea [44%], most common Gr ≥3 AE: febrile neutropenia [33%]). Here we report on two additional schedules. Methods Adults with AML or MDS and good performance status received MLN4924 as a 60-min IV infusion on one of two schedules for up to 1 year or until disease progression. Schedule B patients received escalating doses of MLN4924 on days 1, 4, 8 and 11 every 21 days. Schedule E patients received a fixed dose of MLN4924 on days 1, 3 and 5 every 21 days. Adverse events (AEs) and responses were graded according to published guidelines. Serial blood samples were obtained during cycle 1 for pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic analyses. Results On schedule B: 26 patients were enrolled (77% male), median age was 70.5 yrs, 23 had AML and 3 had MDS (2 had advanced disease with marrow blasts exceeding 10%). Patients received MLN4924 at 83 (n=19), 110 (n=4), and 147 mg/m2 (n=3). On Schedule E: 16 patients (69% male) received 50 mg/m2 MLN4924, median age was 70.5 yrs, 14 AML and 2 MDS (1 with advanced disease). Three patients on schedule B had dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs): 1 patient at 110 mg/m2; orthostatic hypotension (Gr 3); 2 patients at 147 mg/m2; cardiac failure (Gr 4; n=1), fatal lactic acidosis, hypotension, gastrointestinal necrosis, acute renal failure and myocardial ischemia (each Gr 4; n=1). On schedule E, 2 patients had DLTs: morbilliform rash (Gr 3; n=1); and increased aspartate/alanine aminotransferases (Gr 2/3; n=1). Most common all-grade and Gr ≥3 AEs are shown in the table. The MTD for Schedule B was determined as 83 mg/m2. On schedules B/E, 3/2 patients received ≥4 cycles, 0/4 remain on treatment; discontinuations were due to progressive disease (11/10), AEs (8/0), and other reasons (7/2) respectively. In 17 patients treated at 83 mg/m2 on schedule B and 16 patients on schedule E, individual PK profiles showed a biphasic disposition phase following completion of the first infusion. MLN4924 plasma concentrations were detectable 24–48 hours (schedule B) and 24 hours (schedule E) post dosing. Schedule B geometric mean (%CV) Cmax was 1255 ng/mL (25.1%), AUC24hr was 3936 ng•h/mL (22.6%); schedule E values were Cmax of 669 ng/mL (24.4%) and AUC24hr of 2614 ng•h/mL (21.4%). Observed increases in mean Cmax and AUC24hr were dose-proportional between 50 and 83 mg/m2 after single dosing. Pharmacodynamic data demonstrated evidence of target and pathway inhibition for all patients on both schedules. On schedule B, of 20 response-evaluable patients (18 AML, 2 MDS), 2 (11%) AML patients had partial responses (PR), 13 (72%) had stable disease. On schedule E, of 12 response-evaluable patients (11 AML, 1 MDS), 1 (8%) AML patient had a PR, 7 (59%) maintained stable disease and the MDS patient (8%) had a response. Conclusions Both schedules appeared to be generally well tolerated and NAE inhibition with MLN4924 resulted in clinical activity in highly refractory/multiply relapsed patients. Based on safety and observed clinical activity across schedules, the recommended phase 2 dose for single agent MLN4924 in AML/MDS is 50 mg/m2 given on days 1, 3 and 5 of a 21-day cycle. A study of MLN4924 with azacitidine in treatment-naïve AML patients older than 60 years is ongoing (NCT01814826). Disclosures: Off Label Use: Investigational agent MLN4924 for the treatment of patients with AML and high-grade or low-grade MDS. Hua:Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company: Employment. Blakemore:Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company: Employment. Faessel:Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company: Employment. Dezube:Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company: Employment. Medeiros:Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company: Research Funding.

scholarly journals Phase I and Pharmacologic Study of SNS-032, a Potent and Selective Cdk2, 7, and 9 Inhibitor, in Patients With Advanced Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (18) ◽  
pp. 3015-3022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Gang Tong ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
William Plunkett ◽  
David Siegel ◽  
Rajni Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Stable Disease ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Dose Escalation Study

Purpose SNS-032 is a highly selective and potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) 2, 7, and 9, with in vitro growth inhibitory effects and ability to induce apoptosis in malignant B cells. A phase I dose-escalation study of SNS-032 was conducted to evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics, biomarkers of mechanism-based pharmacodynamic (PD) activity, and clinical efficacy. Patients and Methods Parallel cohorts of previously treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM) received SNS-032 as a loading dose followed by 6-hour infusion weekly for 3 weeks of each 4-week course. Results There were 19 patients with CLL and 18 with MM treated. Tumor lysis syndrome was the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) for CLL, the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) was 75 mg/m2, and the most frequent grade 3 to 4 toxicity was myelosuppression. One patient with CLL had more than 50% reduction in measurable disease without improvement in hematologic parameters. Another patient with low tumor burden had stable disease for four courses. For patients with MM, no DLT was observed and MTD was not identified at up to 75 mg/m2, owing to early study closure. Two patients with MM had stable disease and one had normalization of spleen size with treatment. Biomarker analyses demonstrated mechanism-based PD activity with inhibition of Cdk7 and Cdk9, decreases in Mcl-1 and XIAP expression level, and associated CLL cell apoptosis. Conclusion SNS-032 demonstrated mechanism-based target modulation and limited clinical activity in heavily pretreated patients with CLL and MM. Further single-agent, PD-based, dose and schedule modification is warranted to maximize clinical efficacy.

Phase I Study of XK469R (NSC 698215), a Quinoxaline Phenoxypropionic Acid Derivative, in Patients with Refractory Hematological Malignancies.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1952-1952
Author(s):  
Wendy Stock ◽  
Samir D. Undevia ◽  
Stefan Faderl ◽  
Olotoyosi Odenike ◽  
Farhad Ravandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Acid Derivative ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Phase I Study ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Clinical Activity

Abstract XK469R is a quinoxaline phenoxypropionic acid derivative which possesses broad activity against murine and human tumors (including leukemia) and high activity against multidrug-resistant tumors. COMPARE analysis of cytotoxicity data from the NCI cell line screen suggested a unique mechanism. Phase I studies in patients with advanced solid tumors indicated that the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was myelosuppression, without other significant toxicities noted, at a fixed dose of 1400 mg/dose when given on a day 1,3,5 schedule every 21 days. Therefore, we conducted a phase I study to establish the DLT and maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of XK469R in patients with refractory hematologic malignancies, as well as to study the pharmacokinetics of XK469R in this patient population. XK469R was given as a straight dose as an IV infusion over 30 minutes-1 hour on days 1, 3, and 5 of a 21 day cycle. Because significant interpatient variability in drug clearance (associated with toxicity) was noted in prior studies, each dose cohort included a minimum of six patients. The dose levels studied were 1400 mg (n=6), 1750 mg (n=12), 2200 mg (n=14), and 2750mg (n=14). A total of 46 patients with relapsed/refractory leukemia have been treated and are evaluable for toxicity; 41 patients with AML, 4 ALL, and 1 CML-BC. The group consists of 26 males and 20 females with a median age of 53 (range 20–85). ECOG PS included 0 (n=19), 1 (n=21), and 2 (n=6). Median number of cycles received was 1; 10 patients received 2 cycles and 2 patients received 3 cycles. DLT was defined as any clinically significant grade 3 or 4 adverse nonhematologic toxicity other than prolonged myelosuppression, as defined by NCI criteria specific for leukemia. DLTs of colitis and mucositis were observed at the 2200 mg dose level, and mucositis and elevated bilirubin at the 2750 mg dose level. Other possibly related grade 1 and 2 toxicities noted were SGOT/PT elevations, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, indigestion, rash, and alopecia. The MTD, defined as the dose level at which <2/6 patients experience a DLT, was 2200 mg. Forty-two patients were evaluable for response and include CR (n=1, in 1750 mg cohort), HI (n=5), SD (n=21), and PD (n=15). Preliminary pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that plasma concentrations of XK469R decline in a biphasic manner. Half-life was long with a mean value of 48 h. Mean clearance was 206 ml/h with a coefficient of variation of 32%. Patients with lower clearance did not appear to be at greater risk of DLT. In conclusion, the recommended phase II dose of XK469R in patients with advanced leukemia is 1750 mg (day 1,3,5). Due to its novel mechanism of action, reasonable toxicity profile, and clinical activity in these high-risk patients, further exploration of XK469R, possibly in combination with other established agents, is warranted in patients with relapsed/refractory acute leukemia.

A Phase I Trial Of Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH2101 and Lenalidomide For Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 3181-3181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don M. Benson ◽  
Adam D Cohen ◽  
Craig C Hofmeister ◽  
Munshi C Nikhil ◽  
Sundar Jagannath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Dosing Interval ◽  
Infusion Reactions

Abstract Introduction Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an essentially incurable plasma cell malignancy. MM utilizes specific immunoevasive strategies to avoid natural killer (NK) cell immune surveillance and cytotoxicity. Immunomodulatory agents such as lenalidomide (LEN) may exert indirect anti-MM efficacy via expansion and activation of NK cells. However, these favorable effects may be diminished when LEN is co-administered with high doses of dexamethasone (DEX). IPH2101 is a monoclonal anti-inhibitory KIR antibody which prevents negative signaling in NK cells and enhances NK cell recognition and killing of MM cells. A single-agent, phase I study of IPH2101 demonstrated full KIR blockade with encouraging safety and tolerability, and 34% of heavily pre-treated patients achieved disease stabilization (Blood 2012;120:4324-33). Preclinical data demonstrate that LEN and IPH2101 exert anti-MM effects via complementary NK-cell immunomodulatory mechanisms (Blood 2011;118:6397-91). Herein, data are presented from the first clinical experience with IPH2101 and LEN in combination in patients with MM. Methods A 3+3 phase I dose-escalation trial was conducted. Patients (age 18-80) with measurable, progressive MM were enrolled having received one or two prior lines of therapy. Prior LEN exposure was permitted unless resistance or intolerance was observed. Patients must have had ECOG performance status ≤ 2, creatinine clearance ≥ 60 ml/min, platelets ≥ 75,000/uL (or ≥ 30,000/uL if > 50% bone marrow plasma cells), absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,000/uL, bilirubin < 1.5 ULN, and ALT / AST < 3 ULN. Patients must have adhered to standard prescribing guidelines for LEN. Three dose levels included: IPH2101 0.2mg/kg IV q 28 days + LEN 10 mg PO days 1-21; IPH2101 0.2 mg/kg + LEN 25 mg, and IPH2101 1mg/kg + LEN 25 mg for 4 cycles. Responding patients were allowed to receive 4 additional cycles. Patients completing all 8 cycles were maintained on LEN thereafter. No administration of DEX or other systemic corticosteroids was permitted. Dose reductions of LEN were permitted per prescribing information. The primary objective was to determine the safety and tolerability of IPH2101 + LEN, the secondary objectives included pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of IPH2101 and biologic correlates with LEN as well as to determine clinical activity by standard IMWG uniform response criteria. Results 15 patients (10 M, 5 F, median age 60) were enrolled, 8 in first relapse and 9 in second relapse. 9 had prior LEN exposure. Cohorts 1 and 3 were expanded to n=6 patients respectively due to occurrence of possible dose-limiting toxicity. In both cases, a patient experienced a similar, apparent infusion reaction on cycle 1, day 1, characterized by fever, chills, cytokine release, and leucopenia. Events resolved with supportive care and both patients continued on trial without recurrence. The protocol was amended to include premedication with anti-histamine and acetaminophen,and no further infusion reactions were observed. Most other observed adverse events were of low grade and generally investigator-attributed as possibly or probably related to LEN. IPH2101 PD were not affected by co-administration of LEN. Full KIR occupancy was achieved in cohort 3 across the dosing interval. Five patients achieved a response (2 VGPR, 3 PR) with a median duration of 15+ months (3-26+). Conclusion The combination of IPH2101 + LEN appears to be a safe and well tolerated, and steroid-free combination in MM patients. Infusion reactions have not been observed since the addition of premedication prior to IPH2101 dosing. IPH2101 PD do not appear to be altered by co-administration of LEN, and full KIR blockade over the dosing interval has been achieved. Although the study is small, response rate and response duration are encouraging. These findings support further investigation of antiKIR therapy with LEN as the first, steroid-sparing, dual immunotherapy for MM. Disclosures: Benson: Innate Pharma: Research Funding. Off Label Use: Lenalidomide without concomitant dexamethasone. Zerbib:Innate Pharma: Employment. Andre:Innate Pharma: Employment. Caligiuri:Innate Pharma: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees.

A phase I trial of doxorubicin and flavopiridol in soft tissue sarcoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9523-9523 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. D’Adamo ◽  
K. Scheu ◽  
S. Singer ◽  
G. K. Schwartz ◽  
R. G. Maki
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Stable Disease ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Combination Methods

9523 Background: Flavopiridol, a potent cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, has been shown in vitro to enhance doxorubicin induced apoptosis. Using the BWH dediffentiated liposarcoma xenograft model we have shown that sequential therapy with doxorubicin (D) followed 1 hour later by flavopiridol (F) is superior to doxorubicin alone (p=0.006). Single agent flavopiridol was also active in this xenograft model, but less so than the combination. Methods: We have commenced an ongoing phase I study of the combination of D and F on the basis of this preclinical data in soft tissue sarcoma with fixed dose D (60 mg/m2), followed 1 hour later by escalating doses of F (40–70 mg/m2) administered over one hour, every 3 weeks. Standard phase I eligibility criteria apply. No prior anthracycline therapy is allowed. At 300 mg/m2 D, dexrazoxane is added to D F. Patients with responsive or stable disease after cumulative D dose of 600mg/m2 can receive single agent flavopiridol. Results: Median characteristics of 7 evaluable patients: age 52 (31–65), KPS 80% (70–90), 3 males / 4 females, 0 prior regimens (range 0–2). The combination has been well-tolerated, with no dose limiting toxicity (DLT) yet. There has been 1 grade 3 bleed in the setting of progressive disease and 1 grade 4 neutropenia without fever. Grade 1 and 2 diarrhea, related to flavopiridol have been observed. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies are ongoing. We have observed no partial responses (PR). Prolonged stable disease (SD) has been seen in 3 patients for 6, 6 and 11 months. Two patients with SD have liposarcoma. One patient with liposarcoma continues on single agent flavopiridol with stable disease after having reached the prescribed limit of D of 600 mg/m2. Conclusions: The combination of doxorubicin and flavopiridol is safe, with no unexpected toxicities. Disease stabilization in STS has been observed. This appears to be an encouraging combination in liposarcoma and is consistent with our preclinical model. Flavopiridol dose escalation is continuing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

A multicenter phase I trial of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitor M3814 in patients with solid tumors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2556-2556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark van Bussel ◽  
Morten Mau-Soerensen ◽  
Lars Damstrup ◽  
Dorte Nielsen ◽  
Henk M.W. Verheul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Clinical Safety ◽  
Dna Damage And Repair ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Recommended Phase Ii Dose

2556 Background: Agents that generate breaks in DNA are frequently used as cancer therapeutics. These agents induce different forms of DNA damage including double-strand breaks (DSBs), which are the most lethal if left unrepaired. M3814 targets tumor cell growth and survival by inhibiting DNA-PK, which is part of a critical DSB DNA damage repair mechanism. The purpose of the phase I, first in man trial was to evaluate the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), establish a recommended phase II dose (RP2D), and assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile and single-agent clinical activity of M3814. Methods: Patients (pts) with potential aberrations in the DNA-damage and repair systemwere included. A standard 3+3 design was implemented with a starting dose of M3814 of 100 mg once daily, determined based on non-clinical safety. M3814 was given continuously and DLT was evaluated after 3 weeks. Throughout the trial rich PK sampling was taken. Tumor evaluation was performed every second cycle and treatment continued until progression, unacceptable toxicity, pt wish, or physician decision. Results: A total of 25 pts were enrolled at 6 dose levels (DL). Three pts were enrolled per DL, except at 300 and 400 mg BID where 9 and 4 pts were enrolled, respectively. At 300 mg BID one DLT (several low grade adverse events [AEs] lasting > 1 week) was seen. No DLTs were observed at 400 mg BID, which was declared as the RP2D; further dose escalation was not possible due to an impurity in the drug. An additional 6 pts were included at the RP2D. The most frequent AEs were nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, constipation, diarrhea, pyrexia, fatigue, and rash, all seen in > 20% of pts. No pts discontinued due to AE and no grade 4 AEs were reported. Six pts (20%) had stable disease for at least 18 weeks; no pt had a partial remission. PK analysis demonstrated high variability of exposure with a tendency for skin rash in pts with the highest exposure. Conclusions: M3814 was found to be safe and tolerable at doses up to 400 mg BID, with limited single-agent activity in the studied population. Clinical evaluation of M3814 is ongoing in combination with radiotherapy as well as chemo-radiotherapy and planned in combination with chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT02316197.

A phase II, open label, randomized, noncomparative study of eFT508 (tomivosertib) alone or in combination with avelumab in subjects with relapsed/refractory microsatellite stable colorectal cancer (MSS CRC).

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14145-e14145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joleen Marie Hubbard ◽  
Manish R. Patel ◽  
Tanios S. Bekaii-Saab ◽  
Gerald Steven Falchook ◽  
Bradley L. Freilich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Target Engagement ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Open Label

e14145 Background: Dysregulated translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) plays a role in the pathogenesis of solid tumors. Tomivosertib (T), a potent and highly selective small molecule inhibitor of MNK-1 and 2 blocks activation of eIF4E, a key regulator of mRNA translation, selectively regulating translation of a set of mRNAs. Preclinically, T triggers an anti-tumor immune response and enhances responses to checkpoint inhibitors. Avelumab is a fully human checkpoint inhibitor antibody directed against PD-L1. Methods: Part 1: In a 3+3 dose escalation patients (pts) with MSS CRC failing ≥2 prior therapies for metastatic disease received escalating doses of T, administered orally bid, with a fixed dose of 10 mg/kg avelumab q2w. Part 2: Pts were randomized (2:1) to combination therapy at the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) from part 1 or T alone. Primary endpoint is objective response rate. All pts have a pretreatment and on treatment biopsy to evaluate target engagement, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and biomarkers of immune activation. Results: The RP2D for the combination was 200 mg bid T (single agent RP2D) with 10mg/kg avelumab q2w. At this dose level, 1 of 7 pts experienced a dose limiting toxicity being unable to complete the first 28 day cycle due to low grade (1/2) toxicities (nausea, fatigue, myalgia). In part 2, 30 pts were randomized to combination and 15 to monotherapy (25 male, 20 female: mean age 53.9 years, range 32-80 years). The most common adverse events, irrespective of causality were grade 1/2 gastrointestinal (including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhea) occurring in 77% (n = 23) of the combination and 67% (n = 10) of the monotherapy arm. Toxicities occurring more frequently in the combination arm included diarrhea, constipation, fatigue, myalgia/arthralgia, hypercalcemia and skin rash. Efficacy evaluation is pending from part 2. One pt with confirmed MSS status in part 1 treated at the RP2D achieved a confirmed Partial Response of greater than 8 months. Conclusions: Preliminary data suggest that the combination of T and avelumab has an acceptable safety profile with robust target engagement and demonstrated initial signs of activity. Updated efficacy and biological biopsy data will be presented at the conference. Clinical trial information: NCT03258398.

scholarly journals First Assessment in Humans of the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Ex Vivo Pharmacodynamic Antimalarial Activity of the New Artemisinin Derivative Artemisone

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 3085-3091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Nagelschmitz ◽  
Barbara Voith ◽  
Georg Wensing ◽  
Axel Roemer ◽  
Burkhard Fugmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Artemisinin Derivative ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Multiple Dosing ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Double Blind

ABSTRACT In preclinical studies, artemisone (BAY 44-9585), a new artemisinin derivative, was shown to possess enhanced efficacy over artesunate, and it does not possess the neurotoxicity characteristic of the current artemisinins. In a phase I program with double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single and multiple ascending oral-dose studies, we evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and ex vivo pharmacodynamic antimalarial activity of artemisone. Single doses (10, 20, 30, 40, and 80 mg) and multiple doses (40 and 80 mg daily for 3 days) of artemisone were administered orally to healthy subjects. Plasma concentrations of artemisone and its metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). Artemisone was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events and no clinically relevant changes in laboratory and vital parameters. The pharmacokinetics of artemisone over the 10- to 80-mg range demonstrated dose linearity. After the single 80-mg dose, artemisone had a geometric mean maximum concentration of 140.2 ng/ml (range, 86.6 to 391.0), a short elimination half-life (t 1/2) of 2.79 h (range, 1.56 to 4.88), a high oral clearance of 284.1 liters/h (range, 106.7 to 546.7), and a large volume of distribution of 14.50 liters/kg (range, 3.21 to 51.58). Due to artemisone's short t 1/2, its pharmacokinetics were comparable after single and multiple dosing. Plasma samples taken after multiple dosing showed marked ex vivo pharmacodynamic antimalarial activities against two multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum lines. Artemisone equivalent concentrations measured by bioassay revealed higher activity than artemisone measured by LC/MS-MS, confirming the presence of active metabolites. Comparable to those of other artemisinin's, artemisone's t 1/2 is well suited for artemisinin-based combination therapy for the treatment of P. falciparum malaria.

A combination phase I study of biweekly docetaxel and 5’-DFUR in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14115-14115
Author(s):  
S. Yoshino ◽  
M. Oka ◽  
S. Hazama ◽  
R. Shimizu ◽  
T. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Prior Chemotherapy ◽  
Recurrent Gastric Cancer ◽  
Level 1

14115 Background: Docetaxel (DOC) and 5’-DFUR (an intermetamolite of capecitabine) have single-agent activity in gastric cancer and have distinct mechanisms of action and no overlap of key toxicities. Synergistic interaction between DOC and 5’-DFUR is mediated by taxane-induced up-regulation of thymidine phosphorylase. The objectives of this study were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), the dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and the recommended dose (RD) of the combination therapy of biweekly DOC and 5’-DFUR. The DLT was set in low grade to treat the patients in the outpatient clinic. Methods: Eligibility criteria included patients with histologically proven unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer, no requirement of prior chemotherapy, a performance status of 0–2, adequate organ function and written informed consent. DOC was administered by 1-hour intravenous infusion (level 1, 2, 3, 4: 30, 35, 40, 45 mg/m2) biweekly for 4 weeks. 5’-DFUR was administered orally at a fixed dose of 600mg/body everyday. Toxicity and efficacy were evaluated during the 2 cycles for 8 weeks. Three or 6 patients were enrolled at each dose level. Administration of DOC was skipped in the event of grade 2 hematologic toxicity. DLT was defined as grade 3 hematologic toxicity, grade 2 non-hematologic toxicity. The MTD was defined as the dose level at which at least two of three patients or three of six patients presented with DLT. Results: Twelve patients with a median age of 58 years (range, 29 to 75) were enrolled in this study. Five patients have received prior chemotherapy. Eight patients were unresectable and 4 had recurrent tumors. At level 1 (n=3), 2 (n=3), 3 (n=3), no patients developed DLT. Two patients developed DLT at level 4 (n=3). All DLT was neutropenia. Only 1 developed grade 4 neutropenia at level 4. Non-hematological toxicity was uncommon. Level 4 was determined as the MTD. Of 8 evaluable patients, responses included 4 PR, 3 SD and 1 PD for an overall response rate of 50%. Conclusions: The MTD of DOC in this combination is 45 mg/m2 and the RD is 40 mg/m2. This regimen is well-tolerated with high response rate in outpatient setting. A phase II study is necessary to evaluate the response of this regimen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

BXCL701, first-in-class oral activator of systemic innate immunity pathway, combined with pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 124-124
Author(s):  
Rahul Raj Aggarwal ◽  
Dan Costin ◽  
Jingsong Zhang ◽  
Lawrence Ivan Karsh ◽  
Diane I. Healey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
2Nd Generation ◽  
Cytokine Activation ◽  
Signaling Inhibitors ◽  
Phase 1B

124 Background: BXCL701 (talabostat), oral small molecule inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidases (DPP), primarily DPP8 and DPP9, triggers inflammasome mediated pyroptosis in macrophages, leading to induction of IL-18 and IL-1ß, bridging between innate and adaptive immunity. PD-L1 expression correlates with amplification of DPP8 and DPP9. In syngeneic animal models, significant tumor growth inhibition was observed with BXCL701 plus checkpoint inhibition. In a prior clinical study, single-agent BXCL701 resulted in objective responses in patients with Stage IV melanoma (unpublished). Methods: Eligible patients included in Phase 1b portion of this multicenter study, had progressing mCRPC (PCWG3), ≥1 prior systemic therapy, ≤2 lines of cytotoxic chemotherapy for mCRPC, no prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 or other T-cell directed anticancer therapy. In Phase 2 portion, patients with adenocarcinoma must have received 1 or 2 2nd generation androgen signaling inhibitors; patients with SCNC/t-NEPC must have received ≥1 prior line of chemotherapy. Patients received fixed-dose pembrolizumab (200 mg IV q21-days) with BXCL701 on days 1-14 at recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D)/schedule. Primary endpoint is Composite Response (RECIST 1.1, PSA, CTC). Change in relevant immune effector cells was also evaluated. Results: In Phase 1b portion 13 patients were treated with BXCL701 in 3 cohorts: 0.4 mg qd (n = 3); 0.6 mg qd (n = 3) and 0.6 mg split dose (n=7). 7 patients had adenocarcinoma, 6 had small cell/neuroendocrine prostate cancer phenotype. Prior treatment included androgen deprivation therapy (n = 10), 2nd-generation androgen signaling inhibitors (n = 9), chemotherapy (n = 11), radiation therapy (n = 11). On-target adverse events (AEs) consistent with cytokine activation were seen at highest dose levels. In 0.6 mg qd cohort, all patients had events consistent with cytokine release syndrome: 3/3 had hypotension, including 1 grade 3 syncope—dose-limiting toxicity (DLT)—and 2 patients each had dizziness and lower extremity edema. Splitting 0.6 mg dose improved tolerability while maintaining total daily dose (TDD) previously associated with objective response; 3/7 patients had fatigue, and 1 patient each had low grade hypotension, dyspnea, chills, myalgia. Preliminary anti-tumor activity was seen with 1 patient achieving a PSA response and 4 patients with RECIST1.1 stable disease. Consistent dose and time dependent increases in serum IL-18 levels were observed. Conclusions: BXCL701 0.3 mg BID (0.6mg TDD) administered on days 1-14 was identified as RP2D when administered with pembrolizumab 200 mg every 21 days. Splitting TDD was associated with improved tolerability as evidenced by no reported DLTs and lower rates of other AEs of interest e.g. hypotension and peripheral edema. Preliminary data from Phase 2 portion will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT03910660.

Phase I Results of Perifosine (KRX-0401) in Combination with Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (MM)

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 3691-3691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jakubowiak ◽  
Paul Richardson ◽  
Todd M. Zimmerman ◽  
Melissa Alsina ◽  
Jonathan L. Kaufman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Response ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Stable Disease ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Prior Therapy

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Perifosine (Peri) a novel, oral signal transduction modulator with multiple effects including inhibition of Akt and activation of JNK, has demonstrated clinical activity when combined with dexamethasone (Dex) in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory MM (ASH 2007 #1164). Lenalidomide (Revlimid®, Rev) a novel, oral immunomodulatory drug has single-agent activity against MM and additive effects when combined with Dex. We previously reported encouraging safety data and observed clinical activity of the oral triplet combination in the first 12 pts (ASH 2007 # 1169). We now report the phase I results of this study which aimed to determine the MTD and activity of Peri + Rev + Dex, as an oral combination in pts with relapsed or refractory MM. METHODS: Four cohorts (≥6 pts each) were planned, dosing Peri at 50 or 100mg (daily), Rev 15 or 25mg (d 1–21) and Dex 20mg (d 1–4, 9–12 and 17–20 for 4 cycles, then 20 mg d 1–4) in 28-d cycles. To limit dex-related toxicities, the protocol was amended to use weekly dex (40 mg), applying to cohorts 3, 4, and the MTD cohort. Toxicity was assessed using NCI CTCAE v3.0; DLT was defined as grade (G) 3 non-hematologic toxicity, G4 neutropenia for 5 d and/or neutropenic fever, or platelets <25,000/mm3 on >1 occasion despite transfusion. Response was assessed by modified EBMT criteria. Pts had to have received at least 1 prior therapy and no more than 4. Pts refractory to Rev/Dex were excluded. RESULTS: 32 pts (17 men and 15 women, median age 61 y, range 37 – 80) were enrolled; 6 pts in cohort 1 (Peri 50mg, Rev 15mg, Dex 20mg); 6 pts in cohort 2 (Peri 50mg, Rev 25mg, Dex 20mg); 8 pts in cohort 3 (Peri 100mg, Rev 15mg, Dex 40mg/wk); 6 pts in cohort 4 (Peri 100mg, Rev 25mg, Dex 40mg/wk) and 6 pts at MTD (Cohort 4). Median prior lines of treatment was 2 (range 1–4). Prior therapy included dex (94%), thalidomide (83%), bortezomib (47%), and stem cell transplant (47%). 37% of pts had progressed on prior Thal/Dex. Two pts did not complete one full cycle (noncompliance and adverse event not related to study drugs – both in cohort 3) and were not included in the safety and efficacy analysis. Of the 30 pts evaluable for safety, the most common (≥ 10%) grade 1/2 events included nausea (13%); diarrhea (17%); weight loss (17%); upper respiratory infection (23%); fatigue (30%); thrombocytopenia (20%); neutropenia (20%); hypophosphatemia (23%); increased creatinine (23%); anemia (36%); hypercalcemia (47%). Grade 3/4 adverse events ≥ 5% included neutropenia (20%); hypophosphatemia (17%); thrombocytopenia (13%); anemia (10%), fatigue (7%). There was one reported DLT in cohort 3 (Nausea). Rev was reduced in 8 pts, Peri reduced in 8 pts and Dex reduced in 6 pts. All 30 pts in the analysis are evaluable for response, with best response as follows: Response: N = 30 N (%) Duration (wks) ORR (≥PR) stable disease: < 25% reduction in M-protein Near Complete Response (nCR) 2 (7%) 79+, 15+ Very Good Partial Response (VGPR) 3 (10%) 62+, 34, 17 15 (50%) Partial Response (PR) 10 (33%) 26+ (range 11 – 54+) Minimal Response (MR) 6 (20%) 17+ (range 9 – 30+) Stable Disease (SD) 7 (23%) 14+ (range 8 – 19) Progression (PD) 2 (7%) 8, 4 As of August 2008, the median time to progression (TTP) for pts achieving ≥ PR is 31 wks (range 11–79), and the median TTP for all 30 pts is 23 wks (range 4 – 79). The median TTP has not been met with 11/30 pts continuing on active treatment. Survival for all study pts remains at 90%. CONCLUSIONS: Patients have tolerated Peri + Rev + Dex well with manageable toxicity, and with encouraging clinical activity demonstrated by an ORR (≥ PR) of 50%. Accrual is complete and the final analysis for all pts will be presented at the meeting.

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