scholarly journals Autoimmune Disease in NZB/Bl Mice

Blood ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT C. MELLORS ◽  
Dolores A. Landy ◽  
David Bardell
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Reticulum Cell ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasia ◽  
Histologic Types

Abstract Malignant lymphoma was found in 4 of 20 NZB/Bl mice (of the 61st generation) selected for laboratory examinations and autopsy at 9 to 11 months of age. The malignant lymphomas were of two histologic types, reticulum cell sarcoma and pleomorphic malignant lymphoma, the latter term being used to designate malignant neoplasms arising in lymphatic tissue, composed of mesenchymal cells of diverse appearance—mainly plasma cells of blast, immature, mature and Russell-body types but also large primitive (stem) cells, reticulum cells, and lymphocytes of large and small size—and frequently associated with gammopathies. One of the reticulum cell sarcomas was transplantable to, and produced lethal disseminated growth in, other NZB/Bl mice. In each example of malignant lymphoma, warm hemagglutinins (to papain-treated mouse red cells) were demonstrable in serum. Autoimmune hemolytic disease and chronic membranous glomerulonephritis, both of common occurrence in NZB/Bl mice of comparable age, were also present. In one instance of pleomorphic malignant lymphoma, hypergammaglobulinemia of unusual quantity and quality drew attention to the possibility of lymphomatous disease. Some evidence was brought forth indicating that in the majority of instances the autoimmune diseases preceded the malignant lymphomas. While the coexistence of autoimmunity and lymphoid neoplasia conceivably reflects nothing more than chance occurrence, other interpretations were considered: the proliferative advantage engendered in immunologically competent cells in autoimmune disease may be a step in the direction of lymphoid neoplasia; or, in some instances autoantibodies may be produced by, or in response to, the neoplastic lymphoid cells.

The Pathology of Malignant Lymphoma in Cattle: A Study of 1113 Cases

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilton A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas ◽  
Defensive Reaction ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
Histological Types

About 1100 cases of malignant lymphoma were studied. Malignant lymphomas in cattle occur mostly at the older ages but they are by no means absent in the very young. Sex, breed and season of the year have little significance. Nearly all organs and tissues are susceptible to invasion, but some much more so than others, lymph nodes and heart being outstanding. Several histological types are described, as well as a relation to Hodgkin's disease. Reactions by eosinophils, plasma cells and other cells are described and an attempt made to evaluate them etiologically. Considerable evidence suggests that this neoplastic disease originates as an unsuccessful, generalized defensive reaction.

Clinical manifestation of malignant lymphomas of the head and neck region

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bojanowska-Poźniak ◽  
Wioletta Pietruszewska
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Medical University

Introduction: Malignant lymphoma (ML) is a neoplasm caused by clonal expansion of undifferentiated B, T and NK-lymphoid cells. WHO classification divides lymphomas into two main types, i.e. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), with numerous subtypes. The majority of MLs are localized in lymph nodes, but extranodal locations are also possible. MLs represent approximately 3-5% of all malignant neoplasms in Poland, but their incidence has been increasing in recent years, especially in young patients. The objective of the study was to evaluate clinical manifestations and diagnostic process in patients with malignant lymphomas of the head and neck region as diagnosed in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Medical University of Lodz in years 2013-2017. Material and method: 30 patients diagnosed with malignant lymphomas of the head and neck region at the Departbadament of Otorhinolaryngology of the Medical University of Lodz in 2013-2017. Results: The study group consisted of 8 cases of nodal lymphomas and 22 cases of extranodal lymphomas. In 29 cases B-cell lymphomas were diagnosed. The most common symptoms included lymphadenopathy or neck tumor. Other symptoms were associated with the location of tumors in particular body organs. The diagnosis was based on histopathological examination of biopsy (needle or surgical) samples. Conclusion: Malignant lymphomas should be taken into account during differential diagnosis of the tumor or lymphadenopathy of the neck. The diagnosis is difficult because of the nonspecificity of symptoms and the need for interdisciplinary cooperation of many specialists.

scholarly journals IMMUNOPATHOLOGY OF NZB/BL MICE

1966 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Mellors ◽  
Chen Ya Huang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Mouse Tissues ◽  
Viruslike Particles ◽  
Spontaneous Occurrence

A filtrable agent separable from transplantable malignant lymphomas of NZB/Bl mice was capable, upon inoculation into preweanling NZB/Bl mice, of inducing lymphoid cell hyperplasia, hypergammaglobulinemia, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and pathological changes (focal membranous glomerulonephritis) of kidneys—renal functional and structural changes qualitatively similar to those of spontaneous occurrence in older NZB/Bl mice. Viruslike particles with close resemblance to the typical "C" type murine oncogenic virus particles were identified by means of electron microscopy in NZB/Bl mouse tissues and cells, including malignant lymphoma cells, benign lymphoid cells of thymus and spleen, epithelial cells of renal tubules, and extracellular sites. The relevance of these observations, the first of their kind dealing with NZB/Bl mice, is discussed in relation to the several immunopathological disorders which characterize this strain of mice.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Paraffin Sections of Aspirated Bone Marrow in Malignant Lymphomas

Blood ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 820-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
JACQUELINE D. PETTET ◽  
GERTRUDE L. PEASE ◽  
TALBERT COOPER
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Reticulum Cell ◽  
Reticulum Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas ◽  
Cell Sarcoma

Abstract Examination of serial paraffin sections of bone-marrow aspirations has increased the known incidence of marrow involvement in malignant lymphomas. The results of this study can be seen in the table. In the 72 cases reviewed here, lesions compatible with malignant lymphoma were seen in paraffin sections in 22 cases. In 12 cases this was the only material available for diagnosis at the time. In an additional seven cases paraffin sections were considered suggestive of malignant lymphoma and in five of these a diagnosis could be made on the basis of examination of both smear and paraffin section. This procedure is particularly helpful in Hodgkin’s disease and reticulum cell sarcoma, where marrow smears are only rarely diagnostic. In general, the patients in whom lesions were found in the bone marrow tended to have more advanced disease than those in whom lesions were not found, and abnormalities in the peripheral blood were more common. This was especially true of patients with Hodgkin’s disease, less so in those with reticulum cell sarcoma. Patients with lymphosarcoma, lymphocytic type, did not show this difference, either in the extent of the disease or in findings on examination of peripheral blood. Diagnosis was most difficult in patients who had lymphocytic lymphosarcoma, since it was occasionally difficult to distinguish between the benign aggregations of lymphocytes which are not infrequently found in a large number of unrelated conditions and those aggregations which represented malignancy. Differentiation was made on the basis of number of aggregations, degree of circumscription, presence or absence of reaction centers and the cytologic appearance of the cells. Examination of the smears of the marrow is most helpful in these cases. Seven patients in this series (9.7 per cent) had granulomatous lesions in the marrow. In five of these the final diagnosis was Hodgkin’s disease, in one reticulum cell sarcoma and in one follicular lymphoma. Although these lesions were not specific, the incidence is high enough to make the finding of a granuloma of some significance in any patient suspected of having malignant lymphoma. The importance of thorough examination of any material obtained in an apparent dry tap and the value of repeated marrow-examinations is emphasized by three cases in this series. Since in many cases diagnostic lesions are found in only one portion of the material, examination of only one section of the paraffin sections of aspirated bone marrow is not sufficient for proper evaluation. This fact is emphasized by the greater incidence of positive findings in this report than in that of Cooper and Watkins. Studies of bone marrow should be particularly helpful in instances in which the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma is suggested by clinical features but cannot be proved by biopsy of peripheral nodes or other readily accessible tissue.

The Pathology of Spontaneously Occurring Malignant Lymphoma in Sheep

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Johnstone ◽  
B. W. Manktelow
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Reticulum Cell ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas ◽  
Cytological Features

The most common locations of tumours in 22 sheep with malignant lymphoma were the lymph nodes (19 sheep), spleen (14), liver (13), kidney (10), small intestine (9) and heart (9). The distribution of the lesions could be classified as multicentric (14 sheep), alimentary (6), skin (1) and thymic (1). Histological examination of malignant lymphomas from 40 sheep showed there were three reticulum cell sarcomas, and 37 lymphosarcomas. The lymphosarcomas were further classified on the basis of cytological features as lymphoblastoid, lymphocytic/prolymphocytic, prolymphocytic and lymphocytic in 14, 6, 11 and six cases, respectively. Viruses were not detected by electron microscopy in tumourous tissue from 10 sheep with malignant lymphoma.

51Cr-Bleomycin, a New Oncophilic Radiopharmaceutical II. Scintigraphic Diagnosis of Malignant Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 68-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brykalski ◽  
T. Pertyński ◽  
Maria Rembelska ◽  
K. Durski ◽  
S. Fajndt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Camera ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Cervix Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas ◽  
Hodgkins Lymphoma ◽  
67Ga Citrate

51Cr-bleomycin was used for the scintigraphic detection of tumours and the assessment of the spread of the disease in 20 patients with various malignances: 7 with Hodgkins Lymphoma, 5 with other malignant lymphomas, 4 cases of cervix carcinoma and 4 other tumours. The scintigraphy was performed using a Toshiba GC 401 gamma camera coupled to an MDSI computer Trinary. Active foci were scored using a semiquantitative scale of 0 to 5. Results of these studies were compared with those of tests similarly carried out with 57Co-bleomycin (in 9 of the cases) and 67Ga-citrate (11 cases); they demonstrated that the properties of 51Cr-bleomycin for scintigraphic detection of neoplastic foci are similar to those of 57Co-bleomycin.

PREDICTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF HIGH SERUM FERRITIN LEVELS IN THE DEBUT OF MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Babaeva T.N. ◽  
Seregina O.B. ◽  
Pospelova T.I.
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Ferritin Level ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Significant Prognostic Factor ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas

At present, the serum ferritin level is not included in the list of prognostic factors; however, it is known that its increased serum level in patients with malignant neoplasms relates with the tumor burden, the degree of disease activity and correlates with a worse prognosis in patients with hematologic malignancies.The normalization of serum ferritin level during remission period confirms the involving of hyperferritinemia in mechanisms of tumor progression and may testify for clinical importance of measurement of serum ferritin level in patients, including those with malignant lymphomas. Objective:The aim of this study was to assess of the prognostic significance of high ferritin levels at the onset of the disease in patients with malignant lymphomas. Materials and methods:98 patients with malignant lymphomaswere enrolled in this study, including 72 patients (73.5%) with non-Hodgkins lymphomas (NHL) and 26 patients (26.5%) with Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL). The increased serum ferritin level (more than 350 ng/ml) was found in 53 (54.2%) patients with malignant lymphomas at the onset of disease and its average concentration was 587,62±131,6 ng/ml (8.3 times higher values of control group, p<0.001).Also the positive statistical correlationsbetween increased ferritin level and increased level of LDH (r=0.47, p<0.001, n=98) and C-reactive protein (r=0.41, p<0.001, n=98) as well as the presence of B-symptomswere found. The median OS was significantly shorter in the group of patients with increased ferritin level (more than 350 ng/ml) at the onset of disease in comparison with group of patients with normal ferritin level, where the median OS was not reach during the observation period. Patients with increased ferritin level before starting chemotherapy also showed worse results of overall survival and increased mortality risk (OR 8.122; 95% CI, 1.764-37.396;р<0.05) compare with a group of patients with ferritin level ˂350 hg/ml at the onset of disease. Conclusion:These results make it possible to include lymphomas’s patients with increased ferritin level at the onset of disease in the group with poor prognosis and lower OS, while the increased ferritin level in patients without previous blood transfusions should be considered as a significant prognostic factor.

Diversity, localization and (patho)physiology of mature lymphocyte populations in the bone marrow

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian M. Schürch ◽  
Chiara Caraccio ◽  
Martijn A. Nolte
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Mature Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Populations

The bone marrow (BM) is responsible for generating and maintaining lifelong output of blood and immune cells. Besides its key hematopoietic function, the BM acts as an important lymphoid organ, hosting a large variety of mature lymphocyte populations, including B-cells, T-cells, NK(T)-cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Many of these cell types are thought to only transiently visit the BM, but for others, like plasma cells and memory T-cells, the BM provides supportive niches that promote their long-term survival. Interestingly, accumulating evidence points towards an important role for mature lymphocytes in the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoiesis in health and disease. In this review, we describe the diversity, migration, localization and function of mature lymphocyte populations in murine and human BM, focusing on their role in immunity and hematopoiesis. We also address how various BM lymphocyte subsets contribute to the development of aplastic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia, illustrating the complexity of these BM disorders, but also the underlying similarities and differences in their disease pathophysiology. Finally, we summarize the interactions between mature lymphocytes and BM resident cells in HSC transplantation and graft-versus-host disease. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which mature lymphocyte populations regulate BM function will likely improve future therapies for patients with benign and malignant hematological disorders.

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