scholarly journals Variation in Survival Among Patients With Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. ZIPPIN ◽  
S. J. CUTLER ◽  
W. J. REEVES ◽  
D. LUM
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
Survival Pattern ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Survival of 873 acute lymphocytic leukemia patients has been reviewed in relation to a number of patient and disease characteristics at first hospital admission. Study of survival by individual years of age at diagnosis led to the selection of five age intervals: 1-3, 4-10, 11-19, 20-49, and 50 years and over. For each sex the survival after age 10 was considerably poorer than for the younger ages. The best survival for any age-sex group was that for girls 4-10, who had a median survival time of 14.0 months compared with an overall median survival time of 7.8 months for patients of both sexes over 1 year of age. We attempted to determine whether a favorable distribution of other factors related to survival might work to the advantage of girls in the 4-10 year age group. However, in studying factors such as symptoms and hematological characteristics it was the pattern, rather than the exception, to find within most levels of a characteristic under study, that girls 4-10 had the best survival. It would be interesting and potentially valuable to see whether the findings in this study are confirmed in other series. If a specific age-sex group tends to maintain a superior survival pattern, additional exploration of prognostic factors may uncover important leads concerning the biology of the disease.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Survival of Space Maintainers: A Six-year Follow-up Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Tulunoglu ◽  
Tezer Ulusu ◽  
Yasemin Genç
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the median survival time of fixed and removable space maintainers related to age groups, gender, and their distribution in upper and lower dental arches. The adherence of patients to a periodic recall program and the success rate of different types of space maintainers related to different arches were also evaluated. This study included 663 patients aged between 4-15 years old that were treated between the years of 1997 and 2002. The patients were categorized into four main groups: lost to follow-up, failed, successful, and censored at the end of study. Three hundred forty-five space maintainers were considered lost to follow-up, 83 were considered failed, 206 successful, and 20 censored-at-end. The overall median survival time of the appliances was 6.51 months. Median survival time was 7.25 months in the 4-6 age group, 6.35 months in the 7-12 age group, and 7.0 months in the 13+ age groups. Median survival time was 5.76 months in girls and 7.11 months in boys. Median survival time of space maintainers was 7.17 months for maxilla and 6.69 months in the mandible. Median survival time was 5.25 months for space maintainers fabricated in both arches. Citation Tulunoglu Ö, Ulusu T, Genç Y. An Evaluation of Survival of Space Maintainers: A Six-year Follow-up Study J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 February;(6)1:074-084.

Identification of Prognostic Factors in 61 Patients With Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorders

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 772-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Leblond ◽  
Nathalie Dhedin ◽  
Marie-France Mamzer Bruneel ◽  
Sylvain Choquet ◽  
Olivier Hermine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Risk Patients

PURPOSE: Prognostic studies of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are hindered by the small number of cases at each transplant center. We analyzed prognostic factors and long-term outcome according to clinical manifestations, pathologic features, and treatment and investigated the prognostic value of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma International Prognostic Index (IPI) in 61 patients with PTLD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 61 patients in two institutions who developed PTLD and analyzed factors influencing the complete remission and survival rates. RESULTS: In univariate analysis, factors predictive of failure to achieve complete remission were performance status (PS) ≥ (P = .0001) and nondetection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the tumor (P = .01). Only a negative link with PS ≥ 2 was observed in multivariate analysis. In univariate analysis, factors predictive of lower survival were PS ≥ 2, the number of sites (one v > one), primary CNS localization, T-cell origin, monoclonality, nondetection of EBV, and treatment with chemotherapy. The IPI failed to identify a patient subgroup with better survival and was less predictive of the response rate than was a specific index using two risk factors (PS and number of involved sites), which defined three groups of patients: low-risk patients whose median survival time has not yet been reached, intermediate-risk patients with a median survival time of 34 months, and high-risk patients with a median survival time of 1 month. CONCLUSION: PS and the number of involved sites defined three risk groups in our population. The value of these prognostic factors needs to be confirmed in larger cohorts of patients treated in prospective multicenter studies.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Two Regimens of Combination Chemotherapy in Acute Leukemia

Blood ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1126-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMIL FREI ◽  
JAMES F. HOLLAND ◽  
MARVIN A. SCHNEIDERMAN ◽  
DONALD PINKEL ◽  
GEORGE SELKIRK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Combination Chemotherapy ◽  
Drug Toxicity ◽  
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Remission Status

Abstract A comparative clinical trial of two regimens of combination chemotherapy has been accomplished in acute leukemia by four separate medical and pediatric services. Sixty-five patients were allocated at random to one of two treatment programs. Daily administration of methotrexate with daily 6-mercaptopurine has been compared to methotrexate every third day in the same total dose with daily 6-mercaptopurine. No difference in frequency of remission, extent of remission or toxicity was observed between the two groups. Among those patients who attained remission status, however, duration of remission (P = .05-.10) and of survival (P = <.05) was longer for the continuous group. All remissions in children occurred in acute lymphocytic leukemia, whereas all remission in adults were observed in acute myelocytic leukemia. The duration of remissions was somewhat shorter for children with acute lymphocytic leukemia than for adults with acute myelocytic leukemia. The frequency of remission, either partial or complete, was higher in children, however (36 per cent), than in adults (19 per cent), although the confidence limits for each figure overlap. The duration of acute leukemia in previously untreated patients did not influence response to therapy from the two antimetabolite regimens in this study. In patients who had had prior antimetabolite therapy, however, complete remissions were attained less often than in previously untreated patients. The toxic manifestations encountered during the administration of these antimetabolites are described. Seventeen deaths occurred during this study, of which 8 occurred in the first 10 days, presumably from leukemia and not drug toxicity. Five patients died with hypoplastic marrows ascribed to drug toxicity. The toxic manifestations were qualitatively and proportionately the same in patients who attained remission status, and in those patients who failed to remit, but who lived long enough to recognize the onset of remission if it were going to occur. No indication was obtained, therefore, that patients who attained remission were subjected to a greater toxic hazard, in order to achieve the therapeutic benefits observed, than those who did not remit. The median survival of patients who achieved remission was longer (p <.05) than for patients who did not remit. Since the survival time of remitters from relapse to death was almost identical with the survival time of nonremitters from onset of treatment to death, this difference can be accounted for by the time spent in remission and getting to remission. The median survival time from symptomatic onset for all children in this study was 12 months, and for adults, 7 months. The median in children is similar to that reported from other clinics. This is evidence that a comparative therapeutic trial in acute leukemia can be accomplished without recognizable compromise of patient welfare.

CD38 expression and immunoglobulin variable region mutations are independent prognostic variables in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but CD38 expression may vary during the course of the disease

Blood ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry J. Hamblin ◽  
Jenny A. Orchard ◽  
Rachel E. Ibbotson ◽  
Zadie Davis ◽  
Peter W. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Cd38 Expression ◽  
Immunoglobulin Variable Region

Abstract Although the presence or absence of somatic mutations in the immunoglobulin variable region (IgVH) genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) identifies subtypes with very different prognoses, the assay is technically complex and unavailable to most laboratories. CD38 expression has been suggested as a surrogate marker for the 2 subtypes. IgVHmutations and CD38 expression in 145 patients with B-CLL with a long follow-up were compared. The 2 assays gave discordant results in 41 patients (28.3%). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that Binet stage,IgVH mutations and CD38 were independent prognostic indicators. Median survival time in patients whose cells had unmutated IgVH genes and expressed CD38 was 8 years; in those with mutated IgVHgenes not expressing CD38, it was 26 years. For those with discordant results, median survival time was 15 years. Thus, although CD38 expression does not identify the same 2 subsets as IgVHmutations in CLL, it is an independent risk factor that can be used with IgVH mutations and clinical stage to select patients with B-CLL with the worst prognoses. Using cryopreserved cells taken at intervals during the course of the disease, however, changes of CD38 expression over time were demonstrated in 10 of 41 patients. Causes of the variation of CD38 expression require further study. Additional prospective studies are required for comparing CD38 expression with other prognostic factors and for taking sequential measurements during the course of the disease.

scholarly journals Onodera’s prognostic nutritional index is a strong prognostic indicator for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after initial hepatectomy, especially patients with preserved liver function

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Tanemura ◽  
Shugo Mizuno ◽  
Aoi Hayasaki ◽  
Kazuyuki Gyoten ◽  
Takehiro Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Prognostic Nutritional Index ◽  
Nutritional Index ◽  
Initial Hepatectomy

Abstract Background Several inflammation-based scores are used to assess the surgical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the present study was to elucidate the prognostic value of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy with special attention to preoperative liver functional reserve.Methods Preoperative demographic and tumor-related factors were analyzed in 189 patients with HCC undergoing initial hepatectomy from August 2005 to May 2016 to identify significant prognostic factors.Results Multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS) revealed that female gender (p=0.005), tumor size (p<0.001) and PNI (p=0.001) were independent prognostic factors. Compared to the High PNI group (PNI ≥37, n=172), the Low PNI group (PNI <37, n=17) had impaired liver function and significantly poorer OS (13% vs. 67% in 5-year survival, p=0.001) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (8 vs. 25 months in median survival time, p=0.002). In the subgroup of patients with a preserved liver function of LHL15 ≥0.9, PNI was also independent prognostic factor, and OS (21% vs. 70% in 5-year survival, p=0.008) and RFS (8 vs. 28 months in median survival time, p=0.018) were significantly poorer in the Low PNI group than the High PNI group.Conclusions PNI was an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy. Patients with PNI lower than 37 were at high risk for early recurrence and poor patient survival, especially in the patients with preserved liver function of LHL ≥0.9.

Efficacy of SMIP-016, a novel CD37-directed biologic therapy, in human NHL tumor xenograft models

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2565-2565
Author(s):  
D. S. Barone ◽  
C. Nilsson ◽  
J. Ledbetter ◽  
M. Hayden-Ledbetter ◽  
K. Mohler
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Tumor Xenograft ◽  
Human Tumor Xenograft ◽  
Xenograft Models

2565 Background: Small Modular Immuno-Pharmaceuticals (SMIP) biopharmaceuticals belong to a novel proprietary biologic compound class that retain Fc mediated effector functions and are smaller than monoclonal antibodies. SMIP-016 is a SMIP product candidate that binds to CD37 on human B cells and has potent ADCC and apoptotic activity in vitro. CD-37 is known to be over-expressed in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We have evaluated the activity of SMIP-016 in established human tumor xenograft models in nude mice. Methods: Nude mice were injected subcutaneously with either Ramos or Daudi tumor cells. At approximately 7 days post tumor inoculation the mice were randomized to groups with roughly equivalent mean tumor volumes (>200mm3) and were treated with SMIP-016 or rituximab as a comparator. Groups were evaluated for median survival time (MST), tumor volume and percentage of tumor-free animals. Results: In nude mice bearing Daudi tumors, SMIP-016 treated mice showed a significant improvement in MST compared to control mice (p < 0.0001). Nude mice bearing Ramos tumors treated with SMIP-016 also demonstrated a significant enhancement in their median survival time (MST) in comparison to control mice (p < 0.0001). In addition, mice receiving SMIP-016 administered in combination with rituximab in this model demonstrated improvements in survival time over either single agent therapy alone. Conclusions: SMIP-016 is effective in treating established tumors in these human tumor xenograft models. Addition of SMIP-016 to rituximab therapy resulted in enhanced survival times compared to animals treated with rituximab alone. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney: Disease Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes

Medicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Monaghan ◽  
Kyle P. Michelson ◽  
Nicholas R. Suss ◽  
Christina W. Agudelo ◽  
Syed N. Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Small Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Disease Characteristics

Background: Primary small cell carcinoma of the kidney (PSCCK) is exceedingly rare and data on disease characteristics and outcomes are sparse. This study examines a nationally-representative cancer registry to better characterize PSCCK. Methods: We queried the National Cancer Database to identify patients with histology-confirmed PSCCK from 2004 to 2015. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses were employed to assess predictors of mortality and estimate median survival time, respectively. Results: A total of 110 patients were included (47:53% female:male, 77% ≥60 years of age, 86% Caucasian). Significant predictors of mortality included female sex, age 60–69 years, treatment at an Integrated Network Cancer Program, stage cM1, and lack of surgical and chemoradiotherapy treatment. Independent protective factors were high socioeconomic status and treatment at an Academic Research Program. The estimated median overall survival time was 9.31 (95% CI 7.28–10.98) months for all patients. No differences in estimated survival time were observed across individual treatment modalities among those patients who underwent treatment (p = 0.214). Conclusions: PSCCK is an aggressive malignancy with a median survival time of less than one year. Future studies that correlate clinical tumor staging with specific treatment modalities are needed to optimize and individualize management.

scholarly journals Survival Benefit of Intervention Treatment in Advanced Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Pornthep Kasemsiri ◽  
Pimpika Chaisakgreenon ◽  
Patravoot Vatanasapt ◽  
Supawan Laohasiriwong ◽  
Watchareeporn Teeramatwanich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival Rate ◽  
Intervention Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Postoperative Chemoradiation

Background. The management of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is controversial; thus, proper treatment and prognostic factors should be investigated. Objectives. To compare the survival outcomes of the intervention and palliative treatment in ATC patients. Methods. A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted at a single tertiary university hospital. The medical record charts were retrieved from November 20, 1987, to December 31, 2016. The final follow-up ended by December 31, 2017. The patients’ demographic data, laboratory data, clinical presentation, and treatment modality results were analyzed. Results. One hundred twenty-one records were analyzed with a one-year overall survival rate of 3.5% (median survival time: 77 days); however, 16 cases had insufficient data to classify staging and treatment modalities. Therefore, 105 ATC patients (37 with stage IVa, 39 with stage IVb, and 29 with stage IVc disease) were included with a one-year overall survival rate of 4.0% (median survival time of 82 days). Intervention treatment allowed longer median survival times ( p < 0.05 ) and a better survival rate ( p < 0.05 ). Among the interventional treatment groups, postoperative chemoradiation yielded the longest median survival time (187 days) and the highest survival rate (20%) ( p < 0.05 ). The intervention modality allowed a better median survival time at all stages, particularly in stage IVa ( p < 0.05 ). Unfavorable prognostic factors were adjusted for in a multiple Cox regression model showing that significant factors included age ≥65 years (hazard ratio HR: 2.57), palliative treatment (HR: 1.85), and leukocytosis ≥10,000 cells/mm3 (HR: 2.76). Conclusions. Intervention treatment provided a better survival outcome in all stages, particularly in stage IVa, with a significantly better median survival time. Among interventional treatments, postoperative chemoradiation led to the longest survival rate, suggesting that this treatment should be considered in ATC patients with resectable tumors and no poor prognostic factors, such as older age and leukocytosis.

Outcome Of MDS and AML With MDS-Related Changes: Treatment Versus Prognostic Factors

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 5223-5223
Author(s):  
Nadja Jaekel ◽  
Susann Schulze ◽  
Cora Graneist ◽  
Rainer Krahl ◽  
Wolfram Poenisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Allogeneic Hct ◽  
Comorbidity Burden ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The significance of host- and disease-related prognostic factors on outcome in patients (pts) with MDS and AML with MDS-related changes (sAML) depends on the treatment given. The impact of therapy opposed to prognostic variables on the heterogeneity of MDS and sAML was investigated. Patients and methods From January, 2004-August, 2012, 367 pts (MDS, n=208; sAML, n=159) consecutively treated (median age 63y) at the University of Leipzig were included. Patients (84%) with marrow blasts >10% received induction chemotherapy (CT; 59%) or azacitidine (AZA; 25%) (after its approval in the EU in January, 2009) with the intention of performing a subsequent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in pts <70y. Up-front HCT was scheduled if blasts were <10% (n=56). Cytogenetics were categorized according to Schanz et al, JCO 2012 for MDS and the WHO classification for sAML. As confounders in the estimation of therapy, host- and disease-related features were investigated in a multistep process. 38% of pts had >2 comorbidities with no difference between MDS and sAML. The sAML group (median blasts 40%) included 69 and 81 pts with previous MDS and MDS-related cytogenetic abnormality respectively. Cytogenetics were poor and very poor in 34% of MDS. Outcome at two years are presented. Results Median interval between diagnosis of MDS and therapy was 3.6 months. Median survival time for sAML was 15 vs 72 months for MDS (p<0.0005). Overall, age was higher (median 68y) and blasts lower (median 13%) in the AZA group compared to CT (62y and 27%) (p<0.0005). Cytogenetics and the comorbidity burden (CB) were comparable. OS with AZA was similar to up-front HCT (68%) and superior to CT (48%) (p=0.01). OS was 50% if HCT was performed after CT (136 pt) compared to CT alone (p=0.01). In the 20% of pts >70y, AZA was given to 52% and CT to 48%. OS was 55% and best with AZA (p=0.01). Median survival times were 30 for AZA/MDS, 27 for AZA/AML, 15 for CT/AML, and 5 months for CT/MDS. Of the 110 pts <70y with MDS, AZA was given to 50 (45%) and CT to 60 (55%). The IPSS, cytogenetics, CB, BM blasts (10% vs 11.5%) were similar in both groups. With a median age of 63y, the AZA/MDS group was older than the CT/MDS group (median age 60y) (p=0.005). OS for both groups was 68%. NRM (16%) and RI (38% vs 34%) were alike. For the 114 pts <70y with sAML (median age 62%; median blasts 44%) treated with CT, OS was 40% and inferior to MDS (AZA/MDS, p=0.007; CT/MDS, p=0.01) due to higher RI (57%) (p=0.008). Overall, 218 (78%) pts <70y received HCT (after a median of 3 AZA cycles for AZA/MDS). Ferritin, cytogentics, CB, type of donor, and blasts at HCT (median 4%) were comparable in the transplant groups (AZA/MDS, CT/MDS, HCT up-front, CT/sAML). Irrespective of prior therapy (p=0.6), interval between therapy and HCT, and blasts <5 vs >5-<10%, outcome in the MDS groups (OS, 60%, NRM 29%, RI, 32%) was similar. In multivariate analysis, >2 comorbidities and very poor cytogenetics were associated with an inferior OS (p=0.001)and a higher RI (p=0.003). With a median survival time of 11 months for sAML and a RI of 49%, outcome after HCT for sAML was inferior to MDS (p=0.005). In multivariate analysis, blasts <5%, >2 comorbidities were associated with a poor outcome. For MDS/CT and sAML/CT, a complex karyotype (38%) tended to decrease OS (p=0.06) and increase RI (p=0.01) after HCT. Conclusions Treatment was able to reduce the significance of most negative host- and disease-specific prognostic factors on outcome in MDS. AZA is superior to CT in elderly patients and equal to CT in younger patients with MDS and seems to have no negative impact on outcome after HCT. Despite the improvement achieved with allogeneic HCT, AML with MDS-related changes remains a distinct clinic-pathologic entity associated with a worse outcome. Genetics rather than marrow blasts are an important determinant of prognosis after treatment including allogeneic HCT. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma With Spinal Bone Metastases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianpo Zhai ◽  
Ning Liu ◽  
Hai Wang ◽  
Guanglin Huang ◽  
Libo Man
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Visceral Metastasis ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

BackgroundThe prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with spinal bone metastasis (sBM) varies greatly. In this study, we aimed to define the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of RCC with spinal bone metastasis (sBM) in our center.MethodsThe clinical and medical records of RCC patients with sBMs were collected. The gender, age, time of BM, the extent of BM, the number of BMs, the presence or absence of visceral metastasis, and the pathological type of BM were investigated. All patients were followed up regularly. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the date of BMs diagnosis to death or last follow-up using Kaplan-Meier method and modelled with Cox regression analysis.ResultsForty-three RCC patients with sBM were collected. sBM was found synchronously in 30 patients (70%) and metachronously in 13 patients (30%). The median survival time was 30 months in 13 patients (30%) with solitary sBM and 19 months in 30 patients (70%) with multiple sBMs (P = 0.002). Visceral metastasis occurred in 12 patients (28%) with the median survival time of 17 months, while the other 31 patients (72%) had no visceral metastasis with the median survival time of 29 months (P&lt;0.001). En-block resection was done in 10 patients with median survival time of 40.1 months. Non-en-block resection were done in 33 patients with median survival time of 19.7 months (P&lt;0.001). Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that MSKCC score, number of BM, visceral metastasis, and en-block resection are the independent prognosis factors of RCC patients with sBM.ConclusionsMSKCC risk stratification, number of sBM, visceral metastasis and en-block resection are significant prognostic factors for OS in RCC patients with spinal BM. Therefore, for selected patients who has solitary spinal BM with no visceral metastasis, en-block resection of spinal BM can potentially prolong survival and is the treatment of choice.

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