The role of micro-organisms (Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans) in the pathogenesis of breast pain and infection in lactating women: study protocol

SUMMARYA disinfectant (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether: Irgasan, Ciba-Geigy) was incorporated into plastic washers fabricated from ethylvinyl acetate (EVA), polyethylene, polypropylene or TPX. Plastics containing 0·2 and 2% Irgasan gave zones of inhibition on nutrient and blood agar plates seeded with micro-organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Staph, epidermidis Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilisorCandida albicans) even after thorough washing. Exceptionally,C. albicanswas inhibited only by 2% Irgasan, and EVA gave good inhibition only against the staphylococci. Similar washers of each plastic were implanted subcutaneously into the flanks of rabbits; before insertion each was washed, had thread woven into it and was surrounded by a plasma clot containing 2 × 108Staph. aureus. All the plastics without Irgasan gave rise to abscesses, none of the plastics impregnated with 2% Irgasan did, though from 2 out of 12 sites small numbers ofStaph. aureuswere isolated atpost mortem. Using either clinical or bacteriological criteria, the results were highly significant (P< 0.00001 andP<0.001 respectively), demonstrating the effectiveness of this technique in preventing plastic-associated infection.

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Septic arthritis caused by Candida albicans: post intra-articular steroid injection in a native joint

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2019-233841 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. e233841 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Siok Li Chung ◽

Joseph Papanikitas ◽

David Johnstone ◽

David McKean

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Septic Arthritis ◽

Side Effect ◽

Rare Case ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Steroid Injection ◽

Physiotherapy Treatment ◽

Steroid Injections ◽

Micro Organisms

Intra-articular steroid injections are widely prescribed for management of osteoarthritis when oral medication or physiotherapy treatment fails to relieve patient’s pain. Septic arthritis is an uncommon side effect of steroid injection. Common causal micro-organisms are bacterial with Staphylococcus aureus being the most frequent. Fungal septic arthritis is rare and does not usually present beyond the neonatal period. We present a rare case of septic arthritis secondary to fungal infection.

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Ability of Candida albicans Mutants To Induce Staphylococcus aureus Vancomycin Resistance during Polymicrobial Biofilm Formation

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00573-10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 54 (9) ◽

pp. 3746-3755 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

Melphine M. Harriott ◽

Mairi C. Noverr

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Transcriptional Regulators ◽

Vancomycin Resistance ◽

Unique Combination ◽

Abiotic Surface ◽

Mixed Species ◽

Bacterial Adhesins

ABSTRACT Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus form vigorous polymicrobial biofilms in serum, which may serve as the source of coinfection in patients. More importantly, S. aureus is highly resistant to vancomycin during polymicrobial biofilm formation, with no decreases in bacterial viability observed with up to 1,600 μg/ml drug. In these mixed-species biofilms, S. aureus preferentially associates with C. albicans hyphae, which express a variety of unique adhesins. We tested C. albicans mutants deficient in transcriptional regulators of morphogenesis (CPH1 and EFG1) and biofilm formation (BCR1) to investigate the role of hyphae in mediating polymicrobial biofilm formation. These mutants also have reduced expression of hypha-specific adhesins. The ability to form polymicrobial biofilms correlated with the ability to form hyphae in these mutants. However, only mutants that could adhere to the abiotic surface could induce S. aureus vancomycin resistance, regardless of the presence of hyphae. In examining factors that may mediate interspecies adhesion, we found that the C. albicans ALS family of adhesins (Als1 to Als7 and Als9) was not involved, and neither was the hypha-specific adhesin Hwp1. Therefore, polymicrobial biofilm formation and subsequent antibiotic resistance is a multifactorial process that may require a unique combination of fungal and/or bacterial adhesins.

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Deep breast pain during lactation: a case-control study in Sweden investigating the role of Candida albicans

International Breastfeeding Journal ◽

10.1186/s13006-018-0167-8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kirsti Kaski ◽

Linda J. Kvist

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Breast Pain ◽

Control Study

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The role of intracanal medicaments in inhibition of bacteria isolated from root canals of infected primary molars

Mustansiria Dental Journal ◽

10.32828/mdj.v14i1.766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 92

Author(s):

Dr. Maha Abdul- Kareem Mahmood ◽

Dr. Huda Elias Ali ◽

Dr. Haraa Khairi Abdul-Kadher

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Normal Saline ◽

Root Canal ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Primary Molars ◽

Root Canals ◽

Etiologic Agents ◽

Micro Organisms

Microbes are considered as the primary etiologic agents in endodontic diseases.Disinfection of the root canal is obtained by the combined effect of biomechanicalpreparation, irrigation and intra canal medicament. The aim of the present study wasto assess the antimicrobial activity of intracanal medicaments (formocresol andEndosepton) against two micro organisms (Streptococcus mutans and staphylococcusaureus) isolated from 15 necrotic pulps of primary molars indicated for pulpectomyprocedure. The samples were cultured, and purified using microbiological evaluation.Broth dilution test was performed in our study by preparing test tubes containing10 ml of BHI broth (pH. 7) which then inoculated with strains of the tested bacteriaand incubated at 37 C° for 24 h. After over night incubaction, ten fold dilution weremade in test tubes containing 9 ml of normal saline by adding 1 ml of the inoculum tothe first tube . Then from dilution 10-1 , 0.1 ml of cell suspension was added to 9.9 mlof formocresol and endosepton, then 0.1 ml was taken and spread on duplicates ofBHI agar plates at different intervals and incubated aerobically for 24 h. at 37 C°.Colonies on the plates were counted after incubation and CFU/mL (colony formingunit) was calculated. Our results indicating that there were no significant differencesbetween the intracanal medicaments, but there were high significant differencesbetween the intervals time of the study. We concluded that both materials had greatantibacterial effect against the pathogens commonly isolated from necrotic pulpaltissue of primary teeth.

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Screening and antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes isolated from the rhizosphere of Clitoria ternatea

Journal of Nature and Natural Sciences ◽

10.26859/jnnsci.v1i01.9591 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Vemavarapu Bhaskara Rao ◽

Kandlagunta Guru Prasad ◽

Krishna Naragani ◽

Vijayalakshmi Muvva

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Antimicrobial Spectrum ◽

Clitoria Ternatea ◽

Primary Screening

The air dried rhizosphere soil samples pretreated with calcium carbonate was employed for the isolation of actinomycete strains. Serial dilution plate technique was used for the isolation of actinomycetes. A total of 20 actinomycete strains designated as BS1-BS20 were isolated from the rhizosphere of medicinal plant Clitoria ternatea. All the 20 strains were subjected to primary screening for antimicrobial activity. Among the 20 strains screened, 10 strains exhibited high antimicrobial spectrum against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.

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The In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Quercus robur L. Methanolic and Aqueous Leaves’ Extracts, from the Algerian High Plateaus Against some Uropathogenic Microbial Strains

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2019-0133 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 262-274

Author(s):

E. Benyagoub ◽

N. Nabbou ◽

S. Boukhalkhel ◽

I. Dehini

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Fusidic Acid ◽

Quercus Robur ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Microbial Strains

The medicinal value of the plants is due to their chemical components that bring a definite physiological action on the human body to prevent the diseases. In this work, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of leaves’ extracts of Quercus robur L., collected from the Algerian upper highlands, on ten bacterial strains and one fungal strain known to be pathogenic. First, we performed a qualitative phytochemical analysis, and second, antimicrobial activity tests performed by agar diffusion method (disc and well) with the determination of MIC by broth macro-dilution method. Given the results, it appears that obtained macerates of Quercus robur L. were rich in bioactive phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, and other components. The yield of aqueous and methanolic macerates of leaves was 8.5 ± 1.41 and 22.4 ± 4.36%, respectively. The bacterial resistance was relatively important to several antibiotics, namely, ampicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid for strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. However, Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to fusidic acid, penicillin, and oxacillin; while Enterococcus faecalis was resistant to fusidic acid, penicillin, oxacillin, and ticarcillin. The antibacterial activity of the macerates toward tested microbial strains showed that the aqueous and methanolic macerates of the leaves were proportional to the tested concentration and active not only against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but also on the fungal species Candida albicans. The estimated MIC for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus was in the order of 10 mg/mL, which seems more effective than toward Salmonella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans which were in the order of 30 mg/mL. These preliminary results confirm that the part of the studied plant had a very good antimicrobial activity that was proportional to the serial concentrations of the tested extracts.

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