Birth weight differences between preterm stillbirths and live births: analysis of population-based studies from the U.S. and Sweden

ObjectiveTo investigate regional variation in the registration of births (still+live) as live born for birth weight <500 g and the impact on the city/county ranking of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Taiwan.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional ecological study.Setting20 cities/counties in Taiwan.ParticipantsRegistered births for birth weight <500 g and neonatal deaths in 2015–2016.Main outcome measuresCity/county percentage of births <500 g registered as live born and ranking of city/county NMR (deaths per 1000 live births) including and excluding live births <500 g.ResultsThe percentage of births <500 g registered as live born ranged from 0% in Keelung City (0/26) and Penghu County (0/4) to 20% in Taipei City (112/558), 24% in Hsinchu County (5/21) and 28% in Hualien County (9/32). The change in city/county ranking of NMR from including to excluding live births <500 g was most prominent in Taipei City (from the 15th to the 1st) followed by Kaohsiung City (from the 18th to the 14th).ConclusionsThe city/county NMR in Taiwan is influenced by variation in the registration of live born for births with uncertain viability. We recommend presenting city/county NMR using both criteria (with or without minimum threshold of gestation period or birth weight) for better interpretation of the findings of comparisons of city/county NMR.

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The Relationship Between Birthweight Discordance and Perinatal Mortality of One of the Twins in a Twin Pair

Twin Research and Human Genetics ◽

10.1375/twin.9.2.292 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 292-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Noriko Kato ◽

Tomohiro Matsuda

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Perinatal Mortality ◽

Low Birthweight ◽

Twin Pair ◽

Population Based ◽

Cumulative Frequency ◽

Live Births ◽

Using Data ◽

Lower Birthweight ◽

The Relationship

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of birth-weight discordance among twins, to determine the risk cut-off point for birthweight discordance, and to clarify whether perinatal deaths are aggravated by birthweight discordance or by low birthweight itself. A population-based analysis of all twins born between 1995 and 1999 in Japan was conducted using data collected from national birth, death and stillbirth certificates. Birthweight discordance was determined as: higher birthweight minus lower birthweight divided by higher birthweight multiplied by 100. Among twins with a birthweight discordance of more than 15%, the fetal and perinatal mortality rate was higher than that of twins with a discordance of less than 15%. Ninety per cent of the relative cumulative frequency of twin live-births were within 25% of the birthweight discordance. Logistic regression analysis showed that the stillbirth of at least one of the twins is associated with the birthweight of the larger twin and birthweight discordance. It also showed that the stillbirth of both twins in the twin pair is associated with the birth-weight of larger twins and the gestational weeks. It was clarified that birthweight discordance was associated with the stillbirth of only one twin in the twin pair, and the stillbirth of both twins in the twin pair was associated with low birthweight itself.

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Maternal folic acid supplementation and more prominent birth weight gain in twin birth compared with singleton birth: a cross-sectional study in northwest China

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019004580 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (16) ◽

pp. 2973-2982 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Binyan Zhang ◽

Suhang Shang ◽

Shanshan Li ◽

Baibing Mi ◽

Minmin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Northwest China ◽

Population Based ◽

Folic Acid Supplementation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Live Births

AbstractObjective:To investigate the association of folic acid (FA) supplementation with birth weight, the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) and low birth weight (LBW) in singleton and twin pregnancy.Design:A population-based cross-sectional survey.Setting:Twenty counties and ten districts in Shaanxi Province of northwestern China, 2013.Participants:28 174 pregnant women with their infants, covering 27 818 single live births and 356 twin live births.Results:The prevalence of FA supplementation in singletons and twins was 63·9 and 66·3 %. The mean birth weight was 3267 (sd 459·1) g, 2525 (sd 534·0) g and 2494 (sd 539·5) g; the prevalence of SGA was 14·3, 51·4 and 53·4 %; the prevalence of LBW was 3·4, 42·4 and 46·6 % among singleton, twin A and twin B, respectively. Compared with non-users, women with FA supplementation were (β 17·3, 95 % CI 6·1, 28·4; β 166·3, 95 % CI 69·1, 263·5) associated with increased birth weight, lower risk of SGA (OR 0·85, 95 % CI 0·80, 0·92; OR 0·45, 95 % CI 0·30, 0·68) and LBW (OR 0·82, 95 % CI 0·71, 0·95; OR 0·50, 95 % CI 0·33, 0·75) in singletons and twins, and more prominent effects in twins. Moreover, there were significant interactions between FA supplementation and plurality on birth weight, SGA and LBW.Conclusions:The present study suggests the association of periconceptional 0·4 mg/d FA supplementation with increased birth weight and reduced risk of SGA and LBW in both singletons and twins, and this association may be more prominent in twins.

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Infant mortality in three population-based cohorts in Southern Brazil: trends and differentials

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2008001500011 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (suppl 3) ◽

pp. s451-s460 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Iná S. Santos ◽

Ana M. B. Menezes ◽

Denise M. Mota ◽

Elaine P. Albernaz ◽

Aluísio J. D. Barros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Infant Mortality ◽

Family Income ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Population Based ◽

Infant Mortality Rate ◽

Medical Interventions ◽

Live Births ◽

Poor Families ◽

Hospital Births

We studied time trends in infant mortality and associated factors between three cohort studies carried out in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, in 1982, 1993, and 2004. All hospital births and deaths were determined by means of regular visits to hospitals, registrar's offices, and cemeteries. This data was used to calculate neonatal, post-neonatal, and infant mortality rates per thousand live births. Rates were also calculated according to cause of death, sex, birth weight, gestational age, and family income. The infant mortality rate fell from 36.4 per 1,000 live births in 1982 to 21.1 in 1993 and 19.4 in 2004. Major causes of infant mortality in 2004 were perinatal causes and respiratory infections. Mortality among low birth weight children from poor families fell 16% between 1993 and 2004; however, this rate increased by more than 100% among high-income families due to the increase in the number of preterm deliveries in this group. The stabilization of infant mortality in the last decade is likely to be due to excess medical interventions relating to pregnancies and delivery care.

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Mean birth weight among term newborns: direction, magnitude and associated factors

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00099419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva ◽

Carolina Abreu de Carvalho ◽

Heloísa Bettiol ◽

Marcelo Z. Goldani ◽

Fernando Lamy Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Population Based ◽

High School Education ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Live Births ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Paulo State ◽

Random Samples ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Second Period

Abstract: A trend towards increasing birth weight has been shown, but factors that explain these trends have not been elucidated. The objectives of this study were to evaluate changes in mean birth weight of term newborns and to identify factors associated with them. All cohorts are population-based studies in which random samples of births (Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State in 1978/1979, 1994 and 2010; Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State in 1982, 1993 and 2004; and São Luís, Maranhão State in 1997/1998 and 2010, Brazil). A total of 32,147 full-term, singleton live births were included. Mean birth weight reduced in the first study period (-89.1g in Ribeirão Preto from 1978/1979 to 1994, and -27.7g in Pelotas from 1982 to 1993) and increased +30.2g in Ribeirão Preto from 1994 to 2010 and +24.7g in São Luís from 1997 to 2010. In the first period, in Ribeirão Preto, mean birth weight reduction was steeper among mothers with high school education and among those born 39-41 weeks. In the second period, the increase in mean birth weight was steeper among mothers with low schooling in Ribeirão Preto and São Luís, females and those born 37-38 weeks in Ribeirão Preto and cesarean section in São Luís. Birth weight decreased in the first study period then increased thereafter. The variables that seem to have been able to explain these changes varied over time.

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Malaria during pregnancy and newborns outcome in an unstable transmission area in Brazil: a population-based record linkage study

10.1101/244178 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jamille Gregório Dombrowski ◽

Rodrigo Medeiros de Souza ◽

Natércia Regina Mendes Silva ◽

André Barateiro ◽

Sabrina Epiphanio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Record Linkage ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Population Based ◽

Maternal Child Health ◽

Live Births ◽

Transmission Area ◽

Malaria During Pregnancy ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACTBackgroundMalaria during pregnancy is one of the major causes of mortality in tropical regions, causing maternal anemia, intrauterine growth retardation, preterm birth, and low birth weight (LBW). The integration of the information systems is crucial to assess the dimension of gestational malaria in a wide and useful way, to improve decision making and maternal-child health.Methods and FindingsAn observational population-based study acquired information retrospectively from all live births that occurred between 2006 and 2014 in Cruzeiro do Sul (Acre, Brazil). Social and clinical data of the mother and newborn was extracted from the Information System of Live Births. Malaria episodes information was obtained from the Brazilian Epidemiological Surveillance Information System Malaria. A deterministic record linkage was performed to assess malaria impact on pregnancy. The studied population presented a malaria incidence of 8.9%, of which 63.9% infected byPlasmodium (P.) vivax.Reduction of newborns birth weight at term (small for gestational age (SGA) and LBW) has been found associated withP. vivaxinfection during pregnancy (SGA - OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.02-1.52, p=0.035; term LBW - OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.88, p=0.033). Additionally,P. falciparuminfection during pregnancy has been found to be associated with preterm births (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09-2.18, p=0.016), which is related with late preterm births (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.11-2.27, p=0.011).ConclusionsDespite the decrease of malaria cases during the evaluated period, we present evidence of the deleterious effects of gestational malaria in a low transmission area in the Amazonian region. Regardless ofPlasmodiumspecies, malaria during pregnancy poses a risk for newborns birth weight reduction, highlighting the impact thatP. vivaxhas on the fetus.FundingSão Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP/Brazil.

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Factors associated with low birth weight at term: a population-based linkage study of the 100 million Brazilian cohort

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-020-03226-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ila R. Falcão ◽

Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva ◽

Marcia F. de Almeida ◽

Rosemeire L. Fiaccone ◽

Aline dos S. Rocha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Population Based ◽

Linkage Study ◽

Live Births ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The North ◽

Socioeconomic Data ◽

Brazilian Cohort ◽

Brazilian Populations

Abstract Background Factors associated with low birth weight at term (TLBW), a proxy for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), are not well-elucidated in socioeconomically vulnerable populations. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with TLBW in impoverished Brazilian women. Methods Records in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort database were linked to those in the National System of Information on Live Births (SINASC) to obtain obstetric, maternal, birth and socioeconomic data between 2001 and 2015. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate associations between variables of exposure and TLBW. Results Of 8,768,930 term live births analyzed, 3.7% presented TLBW. The highest odds of TLBW were associated with female newborns (OR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.47–1.50), whose mothers were black (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.18–1.22), had a low educational level (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.53–1.62), were aged ≥35 years (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.43–1.46), had a low number of prenatal care visits (OR: 2.48; 95% CI: 2.42–2.54) and were primiparous (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.60–1.64). Lower odds of TLBW were found among infants whose mothers lived in the North, Northeast and Center-West regions of Brazil compared to those in the South. Conclusion Multiple aspects were associated with TLBW, highlighting the need to comprehensively examine the mechanisms underlying these factors, especially in more vulnerable Brazilian populations, in order to contribute to the elaboration of health policies and promote better conditions of life for poor and extremely poor mothers and children.

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