scholarly journals Traditional and cyberbullying victimization as correlates of psychosocial distress and barriers to a healthy lifestyle among severely obese adolescents – a matched case–control study on prevalence and results from a cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann DeSmet ◽  
Benedicte Deforche ◽  
Anne Hublet ◽  
Ann Tanghe ◽  
Evi Stremersch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Saliva microRNA Biomarkers of Cumulative Concussion

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7758
Author(s):  
Steven D. Hicks ◽  
Robert P. Olympia ◽  
Cayce Onks ◽  
Raymond Y. Kim ◽  
Kevin J. Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Recurrent concussions increase risk for persistent post-concussion symptoms, and may lead to chronic neurocognitive deficits. Little is known about the molecular pathways that contribute to persistent concussion symptoms. We hypothesized that salivary measurement of microribonucleic acids (miRNAs), a class of epitranscriptional molecules implicated in concussion pathophysiology, would provide insights about the molecular cascade resulting from recurrent concussions. This hypothesis was tested in a case-control study involving 13 former professional football athletes with a history of recurrent concussion, and 18 age/sex-matched peers. Molecules of interest were further validated in a cross-sectional study of 310 younger individuals with a history of no concussion (n = 230), a single concussion (n = 56), or recurrent concussions (n = 24). There was no difference in neurocognitive performance between the former professional athletes and their peers, or among younger individuals with varying concussion exposures. However, younger individuals without prior concussion outperformed peers with prior concussion on three balance assessments. Twenty salivary miRNAs differed (adj. p < 0.05) between former professional athletes and their peers. Two of these (miR-28-3p and miR-339-3p) demonstrated relationships (p < 0.05) with the number of prior concussions reported by younger individuals. miR-28-3p and miR-339-5p may play a role in the pathophysiologic mechanism involved in cumulative concussion effects.

scholarly journals P108 SARCOPENIA INCREASES THE RISK OF BURST ABDOMEN AFTER EMERGENCY MIDLINE LAPAROTOMY: A MATCHED CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Korgaard Jensen ◽  
Yousef Jesper Wirenfeldt Nielsen ◽  
Mai-Britt Tolstrup ◽  
Ismail Gögenur
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Burst Abdomen ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Unadjusted Analysis

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the association of sarcopenia with the risk of burst abdomen after midline laparotomy. Material and Methods A single-center, retrospective, 1:4 matched case-control study of patients suffering from burst abdomen (cases) and controls. Sarcopenia was defined as lowest sex-dependent quartile of total cross-sectional psoas area adjusted for body surface area. Primary outcome was to evaluate the rate of sarcopenic patients among cases and controls. Secondary, risk-factors for burst abdomen and postoperative death, were evaluated by multivariate regression analysis. Results 67 patients suffering from burst abdomen were matched to 268 controls. Sarcopenia was associated with burst abdomen (OR 2.3, p = 0.006). Unadjusted analysis identified a higher 90-day mortality among sarcopenic patients compared to the non-sarcopenia group (32.9% vs. 21.1%, p = 0.029) but this association was not verified by the adjusted analysis. Conclusions Sarcopenia is an isolated risk-factor for burst abdomen after midline laparotomy.

scholarly journals Leukoedema pada Perokok

e-GIGI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priska T. Mambu ◽  
Pieter L. Suling ◽  
Aurelia S. R. Supit
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Control Study

Abstract: Smokers can be found in almost all groups of people worldwide since cigarettes can be obtained easily anywhere and have been addicted by adult smokers. Leukoedema is one of the lesions in oral cavity that most often appears in smokers. This study was aimed to obtain the description of leukoedema cases among smokers. This was a literature review study. This study used previous studies or reports related to leukoedema in smokers. There were 13 literatures in this study consisting of 9 cross-sectional studies, 3 cohort studies, and 1 case control study. The results showed that leukoedema lesions were more common in smokers than in those who consumed tobacco. Leukoedema was closely related to the duration of smoking and the frequency of smoking in a day. Leukoedema was also more common in men than in women, and was often found bilaterally on the buccal mucosa. In conclusion, leucoedema was most common in cigarette smokers and was related to duration of smoking, frequency of smoking per day, and sex. It was often found bilaterally on the buccal mucosa.Keywords: smokers, leukoedema Abstrak: Perokok ditemukan pada hampir semua kelompok masyarakat di dunia. Leukoedema merupakan salah satu lesi dalam rongga mulut yang paling sering muncul pada perokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran leukoedema pada perokok. Jenis penelitian ialah studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan topik terkait leukoedema pada perokok dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Pustaka yang diulas dan dipelajari dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 13 pustaka, terdiri dari 9 cross-sectional study, 3 cohort study, dan 1 case control study. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa lesi leukoedema lebih sering ditemukan pada perokok dibandingkan yang tidak merokok meskipun mengonsumsi tembakau. Leukoedema erat hubungannya dengan lama kebiasaan merokok dan frekuensi merokok yang dilakukan dalam sehari. Leukoedema juga lebih sering ditemukan pada laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan, dan sering ditemukan pada mukosa bukal secara bilateral. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah leukoedema sering didapatkan pada perokok dan berhubungan erat dengan kebiasaan merokok, frekuensi merokok, jenis kelamin, dengan lokasi mukosa bukal bilateral.Kata kunci: perokok, leukoedema

scholarly journals Research methodology topics: Cohort studies or prospective and retrospective cohort studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
Luís Marcelo Aranha Camargo ◽  
Romeu Paulo Martins Silva ◽  
Dionatas Ulises De Oliveira Meneguetti
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Method ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Control Study

In health sciences, the epidemiological method can be divided into descriptive and analytical epidemiology and the latter being divided into observational (cross-sectional study, case-control study and cohort study) and experimental studies. Cohort studies may be retrospective or prospective, and both assume that the researcher will follow a population over time to seek a possible association between exposure (s) and outcome(s). These types of studies have as advantages the possibility of measuring several exposure factors and outcomes, both primary and secondary, for both relatively frequent outcomes and rare exposure factors. However, they are often long and therefore expensive studies. They have as main biases those of selection, memory and information. These are studies that may point to statistical associations between exposure and outcome that need other models to prove the casualty of these associations.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tuberculosis Multidrug Resistance (TB MDR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trivianto G. Bawonte ◽  
Christi D. Mambo ◽  
Angelina S. R. Masengi
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Control Study

Abstract: Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to the first line of antituberculosis drugs are rifampicin and isoniazid. Globally, in 2017 there were around 558.000 new cases (range, 483.000-639.000) resistant TB rifampicin (TB RR), nearly half of which were in three counties, India (24%), China (13%), and Rusia (10%). WHO estimates that there are 23.000 cases of MDR/RR in Indonesia. In 2017, there were 442.000 TB cases recorded in the program, of which an estimated 8.600-15.000 MDR/RR TB cases. The research to determine the factors that influence Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB).this type of research is in the form of literature review with design of case control study and cross sectional study. The results showed that the risk factors were proven to influence the occurrence (MDR TB). The conclusion from 15 articles reviewed, it shows that age, gender, treatment irregularity and medication adherence are the most influencing factors for TB MDR.Keywords: Factors, TB MDR, multidrug resistance tuberculosis  Abstrak: Tuberculosis Multidrug Resistance (TB MDR) merupakan resistensi Mycobacterium tuberculosis terhadap jenis Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT) lini pertama yaitu rifampisin dan isoniazid. Di tingkat global, di tahun 2017 terdapat sekitar 558.000 kasus baru (rentang, 483.000 - 639.000) TB rifampisin (TB RR) resistan di mana hampir separuhnya ada di tiga negara yaitu India (24%), China (13%), dan Rusia (10%). WHO memperkirakan ada 23.000 kasus MDR/RR di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2017 kasus TB yang tercatat di program ada sejumlah 442.000 kasus yang mana dari kasus tersebut diperkirakan ada 8.600-15.000 MDR/RR TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Tuberculosis Multidrug Resistance (TB MDR). Jenis penelitian ini berbentuk literature Review dengan rancangan case control study dan cross sectional study. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko terbukti mempengaruhi terjadinya (TB MDR). simpulan dari 15 artikel yang di review, menunjukkan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, ketidakteraturan berobat, dan kepatuhan minum obat merupakan faktor yang paling mempengaruhi terjadinyaTB MDR.Kata Kunci : Faktor – faktor, TB MDR, factors, multidrug tuberculosis

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