scholarly journals Cancer risk and the complexity of the interactions between environmental and host factors: HENVINET interactive diagrams as simple tools for exploring and understanding the scientific evidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico F Merlo ◽  
Rosangela Filiberti ◽  
Michael Kobernus ◽  
Alena Bartonova ◽  
Marija Gamulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Interactive Diagrams

scholarly journals Perception of risk factors for cancer in the ABC population

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-761
Author(s):  
Karine Corcione Turke ◽  
Juliana Seidler Canonaco ◽  
Thiago Artioli ◽  
Aline Hernandez Marquez Sarafyan ◽  
Erika Toshie Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Cancer Risk Awareness

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the knowledge about risk factors for cancer in patients treated at the ABC Medical School (FMABC). METHODS Cross-sectional observational study conducted in 2019. The American Cancer Institute’s Cancer Risk Awareness Survey questionnaire was used with 29 cancer risk factors, 14 of which were proven to cause cancer and 15 without consensus or scientific evidence of causality with cancer but that are often reminded by most of the population. Qualitative variables were described by frequency and percentage, and quantitative variables by mean and standard deviation or median and range depending on normality, assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration for Research and approved by the Research Ethics Committee. RESULTS 191 patients were included. Median age 54 (20 to 90), 64% female. 35.6% reported current or previous smoking. 3.1% consumed alcohol more than 5 drinks/week. 56% reported sedentary lifestyle. 44% had at least 1 case of cancer in relatives up to 2nd degree. The average of correct answers in the analyzed population was 12.83 ± 3.06. A weak positive correlation was observed between income and number of cases (rho = 0.177, p = 0.02). No relationship was observed between the number of correct answers and level of education, age, sex, marital status, race or patients with a positive family history for cancer. CONCLUSION The knowledge about risk factors for cancer in the ABC population is low, which may contribute to the adoption of risk behaviors for the disease.

scholarly journals Risk models for breast cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-510
Author(s):  
T. V. Pyatchanina ◽  
A. N. Ohorodnyk
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Brca1 And Brca2 ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Brca1 And Brca2 Genes

Scientific evidence indicates the stabilization of indicators of morbidity and mortality from breast cancer in women in Ukraine and the existence of a number of models for predicting the breast cancer risk with the consideration of life style factors, detectable mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, family history, as well as predicative and prognostic factors (clinical, molecular-biological) to determine the possible ways of the tumor process and the survival of breast cancer patients.

scholarly journals European Code against Cancer: Europe’s key cancer prevention tool in informing the general public how to reduce their cancer risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Schüz
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
General Public ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
European Code

Abstract The European Code against Cancer (ECAC), launched in 1987 and after several periodical updates now used in its 4th edition published in 2014-15 in all official European languages, is a key cancer prevention tool that translates scientific evidence into unambiguous public health recommendations for the general public of how to reduce their risk of getting or dying from cancer. The 4th edition is the most comprehensive one, providing context and background information for a better understanding of the twelve recommendations. It is further supported by a recently launched self-learning course for health promoters, hosted in the E-Learning Center of Europe's leading network of cancer prevention research institutions: Cancer Prevention Europe (CPE). With an abundance of rather confusing “cancer news” the public receives through media and the Internet almost everyday, there is indeed a need for a reliable, authoritative and evidence-based information source for cancer prevention. For that reason, the ECAC recommendations follow three key scientific principles: it only recommends scientifically established actions for reducing cancer risk, its messages are relevant for a broader general public, and it communicates them in a non-scientific language so they are easy to follow. In 2020, IARC/WHO, CPE, Association of European Cancer Leagues and other ECAC stakeholders, have developed a roadmap for the ECAC's sustainability within the innovative Partnership on Action Against Cancer (iPAAC). This plan being essential towards achieving the 80% awareness goal, its main elements include a scientific revision, an expansion to include scientifically established successful interventions in cancer prevention on both individual and population levels, an expansion on the target groups encompassing health professionals and policymakers, and an outreach for synergies with other non-communicable diseases prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Physical activity and cancer risk. Actual knowledge and possible biological mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Mihaela Jurdana
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Actual Knowledge ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

AbstractBackgroundScientific evidence has shown that an increase in regular physical activity is associated with a decrease in the development of many types of cancer. Potential mechanisms that link physical activity to reduced cancer risk include a decrease in systemic inflammation, hyperinsulinemia, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I), sex hormones, pro-inflammatory leptin and other obesity-related cytokines, and a significant increase in anti-inflammatory adiponectin levels. In addition, physical activity improves immune function and the composition and diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Moderate physical activity is important for cancer protection, but the most significant changes in the inflammatory profile are conferred by physical activity performed at higher intensities. Thus, there is a need for further investigation into the type, intensity, and duration of physical activity for the prevention of some types of cancer and the development of effective recommendations.ConclusionsThere is a strong evidence that physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity protects against colon and breast cancer, and probably against cancer at all other sites.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms in inflammatory pathway genes, host factors and lung cancer risk in Chinese female never-smokers

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Yen Lim ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Safiyya Mohamed Ali ◽  
Khoon Leong Chuah ◽  
Philip Eng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Pathway ◽  
Never Smokers

scholarly journals Partnering With Mommy Bloggers to Disseminate Breast Cancer Risk Information: Social Media Intervention (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Wright ◽  
Carla Fisher ◽  
Camella Rising ◽  
Amelia Burke-Garcia ◽  
Dasha Afanaseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
First Choice ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Women are concerned about reducing their breast cancer risk, particularly if they have daughters. Social media platforms, such as blogs written by mothers, are increasingly being recognized as a channel that women use to make personal and family health–related decisions. Government initiatives (eg, Interagency Breast Cancer and Environmental Research Coordinating Committee) and researchers have called for scientists and the community to partner and disseminate scientifically and community-informed environmental risk information. OBJECTIVE We developed and evaluated a blog intervention to disseminate breast cancer and environmental risk information to mothers. We teamed with mommy bloggers to disseminate a message that we developed and tailored for mothers and daughters based on scientific evidence from the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP). We posited that the intervention would influence women’s exposure to, acceptance of, and beliefs about environmental risks while promoting their intention to adopt risk-reducing behaviors. METHODS Using a quasi-experimental design, we recruited 75 mommy bloggers to disseminate the breast cancer risk message on their respective blogs and examined the impact of the intervention on (1) readers exposed to the intervention (n=445) and (2) readers not exposed to the intervention (comparison group; n=353). RESULTS Following the intervention, blog reader scores indicating exposure to the breast cancer risk and prevention information were greater than scores of blog readers who were not exposed (or did not recall seeing the message; mean 3.92, SD 0.85 and mean 3.45, SD 0.92, respectively; P<.001). Readers who recalled the intervention messages also had higher breast cancer risk and prevention information satisfaction scores compared with readers who did not see (or recall) the messages (mean 3.97, SD 0.75 and mean 3.57, SD 0.94, respectively; P<.001). Blog readers who recalled seeing the intervention messages were significantly more likely to share the breast cancer risk and prevention information they read, with their daughters specifically, than readers who did not recall seeing them (χ21=8.1; P=.004). Those who recalled seeing the intervention messages reported significantly higher breast cancer risk and prevention information influence scores, indicative of behavioral intentions, than participants who did not recall seeing them (mean 11.22, SD 2.93 and mean 10.14, SD 3.24, respectively; P=.003). Most women ranked Facebook as their first choice for receiving breast cancer risk information. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated that blog readers who were exposed to (and specifically recalled) the BCERP-adapted intervention messages from mommy bloggers had higher breast cancer risk and prevention information exposure scores and higher breast cancer risk and prevention information satisfaction and influence scores than those who did not see (or recall) them. Mommy bloggers may be important opinion leaders for some women and key to enhancing the messaging, delivery, and impact of environmental breast cancer risk information on mothers.

Abstract 921: Polymorphisms in inflammatory pathway genes, host factors, and lung cancer risk in non-smoking Chinese women

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Yen Lim ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Safiyya Mohamed Ali ◽  
Khoon Leong Chuah ◽  
Philip Eng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Pathway

Lessons Learned From Coaching Postsecondary Students With Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Mary R. T. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Exhaustive List

Purpose The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide speech-language pathologists with a brief update of the evidence that provides possible explanations for our experiences while coaching college students with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method The narrative text provides readers with lessons we learned as speech-language pathologists functioning as cognitive coaches to college students with TBI. This is not meant to be an exhaustive list, but rather to consider the recent scientific evidence that will help our understanding of how best to coach these college students. Conclusion Four lessons are described. Lesson 1 focuses on the value of self-reported responses to surveys, questionnaires, and interviews. Lesson 2 addresses the use of immediate/proximal goals as leverage for students to update their sense of self and how their abilities and disabilities may alter their more distal goals. Lesson 3 reminds us that teamwork is necessary to address the complex issues facing these students, which include their developmental stage, the sudden onset of trauma to the brain, and having to navigate going to college with a TBI. Lesson 4 focuses on the need for college students with TBI to learn how to self-advocate with instructors, family, and peers.

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