scholarly journals The relationship between headache-attributed disability and lost productivity: 1. A review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simple Futarmal Kothari ◽  
Rigmor Hølland Jensen ◽  
Timothy J Steiner
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Text Reading ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Language Literature

Abstract Background Headache disorders are disabling and have a significant impact on productivity. The relationship between these two consequences is of considerable economic and political interest. We enquired into it through a systematic search of the English-language literature. Methods We followed PRISMA guidelines in specifying search terms and syntax and in article selection. We used the term “disability” in the search, accepting any meaning that authors attached to it, but this proved problematic. Accordingly, we adopted the definition used in the Global Burden of Disease study. In article selection, we included only those that purported to measure disability as so defined and lost productivity. We reviewed the full texts of those selected. We included further articles identified from review of the bibliographies of selected articles. Results The literature search found 598 studies, of which 21 warranted further review. Their bibliographies identified another four of possible relevance. On full-text reading of these 25, all were rejected. Ten applied incompatible definitions of disability and/or lost productivity. Two did not measure both. Four reported lost productivity but not disability. Eight studies reported and measured both but did not assess the association between them or provide the means of doing so. One was purely methodological. Conclusions The literature is silent on the relationship between headache-attributed disability and lost productivity. In view of its health economic and political importance, empirical studies are required to remedy this. A prerequisite is to clarify what is meant by “disability” in this context.

scholarly journals Association between biomechanical parameters and concussion in helmeted collisions in American football: a review of the literature

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. E10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Forbes ◽  
Ahmed J. Awad ◽  
Scott Zuckerman ◽  
Kevin Carr ◽  
Joseph S. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
American Football ◽  
Rotational Acceleration ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Associated Variables ◽  
Translational Acceleration ◽  
Language Literature

Object The authors' goal was to better define the relationship between biomechanical parameters of a helmeted collision and the likelihood of concussion. Methods The English-language literature was reviewed in search of scholarly articles describing the rotational and translational accelerations observed during all monitored impact conditions that resulted in concussion at all levels of American football. Results High school players who suffer concussion experience an average of 93.9g of translational acceleration (TA) and 6505.2 rad/s2 of rotational acceleration (RA). College athletes experience an average of 118.4g of TA and 5311.6 rad/s2 of RA. While approximately 3% of collisions are associated with TAs greater than the mean TA associated with concussion, only about 0.02% of collisions actually result in a concussion. Associated variables that determine whether a player who experiences a severe collision also experiences a concussion remain hypothetical at present. Conclusions The ability to reliably predict the incidence of concussion based purely on biomechanical data remains elusive. This study provides novel, important information that helps to quantify the relative insignificance of biomechanical parameters in prediction of concussion risk. Further research will be necessary to better define other factors that predispose to concussion.

Pectoralis Major Rupture: Presentation of Two Cases and Review of 74 Cases

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Hubert YM Chao ◽  
Ralph T Manktelow
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
English Language ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
Language Literature

Pectoralis major rupture is uncommon. Injury usually occurs from sporting activities. The incidence and management of pectoralis major rupture is not well known, despite 74 case reports in the English language literature over the past 34 years. Two cases of chronic pectoralis ruptures and their successful surgical management are described. A review of the literature shows that most injuries occur at the humeral insertion, and most are complete ruptures. Distinguishing between complete and partial ruptures is important. Complete ruptures are best treated surgically in the acute situation. When chronic complete ruptures present, surgical repair yields fair to good results. Acute partial ruptures can be effectively managed conservatively or with surgery. Chronic partial ruptures can be managed surgically with good results, following unsatisfactory conservative management in the acute situation.

Isoniazid-Associated Psychosis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Pallone ◽  
Morton P. Goldman ◽  
Matthew A. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Language Literature

Objective To describe a case of isoniazid-associated psychosis and review the incidence of this adverse effect. Data Sources Information about the patient was obtained from the medical chart. A MEDLINE search of the English-language literature published from 1950 to 1992 was conducted and Index Medicus was manually searched for current information. Study Selection All case reports describing isoniazid-associated psychosis were reviewed. Data Extraction Studies were evaluated for the use of isoniazid, symptoms of psychosis, onset of symptoms, and dosage of isoniazid. Data Synthesis The case report is compared with others reported in the literature. The incidence of isoniazid-associated psychosis is rare. Conclusions The mechanism of isoniazid-associated psychosis is uncertain. It appears that isoniazid was associated with the psychosis evident in our patient and in the cases reviewed.

scholarly journals DEMOCRACY AND DEMOCRATIZATION IN THE MUSLIM WORLD: AN EVALUATION OF SOME IMPORTANT WORKS ON DEMOCRATIZATION IN SOUTH/SOUTHEAST ASIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Tauseef Ahmad Parray
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
English Language ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Empirical Level ◽  
Comparative Methodology ◽  
The Relationship

Is Islam compatible with democratization in the context of Asian cultures? To address this important issue, a series of books have been published in the English language from 1990s (and especially from 2000s). Most of these books deal with the relationship between Islam, Muslims, and democratization with a sub-region in Asia: South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia. While others deal with same issues with a focus on the future, very few deal with the relationship between Islam, Muslims, and democratization in the context of Asian cultures from the perspectives of theory and empirical country studies from all three Asian regions. In this backdrop, this essay—by making an assessment and review of the literature, produced in the last decade, on this theme—focuses on the compatibility paradigm in South and South East Asian Muslim societies at the empirical level, with a focus on Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and Indonesia. To achieve this objective, the essay follows the analytical and comparative methodology, and evaluates these four important books: Zoya Hasan (2007); Shiping Hua (2009); Mirjam Künkler and Alfred Stepan (2013); and John Esposito, Tamara Sonn, and John Voll (2016). A due support is taken from other related works (books and journal articles) as well in substantiating, supporting, and strengthening the argument(s) put forth in this essay.

Part III The Relationship Between the Judiciary and the Political Branches, 6 An Overview of Judicial and Executive Relations in Lusophone Africa

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastos Fernando Loureiro
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
The Political ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Ongoing Process ◽  
Sao Tome And Principe ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Law Professors ◽  
Language Literature

This chapter examines judicial–executive relationships in Africa’s Lusophone systems, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and the island nations of Cape Verde and São Tomé and Príncipe, which are often neglected in the English-language literature. These systems continue to follow the Portuguese system closely not only because of their colonial history but also due to an ongoing process in which Portuguese sources are widely used and judicial officers and law professors often receive training in Portugal. The result is the persistent view of the separation of powers wherein the judiciary is subordinate to the legislature, the executive, and to the law that those branches alone create; its role is understood chiefly as a resolver of disputes between private parties. While the constitutions of these states offer textual protection for the judiciary’s independence, only Cape Verde has made important strides to realizing this in practice. Executive influence over the judiciary is strong.

The Fundamentals of Resident Dismissal

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Schenarts ◽  
Sean Langenfeld
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Program Director ◽  
Resident Evaluation ◽  
Breach Of Contract ◽  
Educational Malpractice ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Language Literature ◽  
Legal Opinion

Residents have the rights and responsibilities of both students and employees. Dismissal of a resident from a training program is traumatic and has lasting repercussions for the program director, the faculty, the dismissed resident, and the residency. A review of English language literature was performed using PUBMED and OVID databases, using the search terms, resident dismissal, resident termination, student dismissal, student and resident evaluation, legal aspects of education, and remediation. The references of each publication were also reviewed to identify additional appropriate citations. If the Just Cause threshold has been met, educators have the absolute discretion to evaluate academic and clinical performance. Legal opinion has stated that it is not necessary to wait until a patient is harmed to dismiss a resident. Evaluations should be standard and robust. Negative evaluations are not defamatory as the resident gave consent to be evaluated. Provided departmental and institutional polices have been followed, a resident can be dismissed without a formal hearing. Residencies are entitled to modify academic requirements and dismissal is not considered a breach of contract. Although there is anxiety regarding resident dismissal, the courts have uniformly supported faculty having this role. When indicated, failure to dismiss a resident also places the program director and the faculty at risk for educational malpractice.

Multiple Familial Facial Glomus: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Magliulo ◽  
Erika Parnasi ◽  
Raffaello D'Amico ◽  
Vincenzo Savastano ◽  
Salvatore Romeo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
English Language ◽  
Facial Canal ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
First Report ◽  
English Language Literature ◽  
Language Literature

Facial paraganglioma is an extremely rare tumor that originates from abnormal paraganglionic tissue situated in the intrapetrous facial canal. A review of the English-language literature shows that only 8 cases of facial nerve paraganglioma have been published. In each case the facial glomus presented itself sporadically, completely independent of any other form of paraganglioma. This study reports an intrapetrous facial glomus that occurred in a case of multiple paragangliomas with a hereditary pattern. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such a combination.

Non-audiofacial morbidity after Gamma Knife surgery for vestibular schwannoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. E4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Sughrue ◽  
Isaac Yang ◽  
Seunggu J. Han ◽  
Derick Aranda ◽  
Ari J. Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Schwannoma ◽  
English Language ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Vestibular Schwannomas ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Dose Cohort ◽  
Shunt Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Language Literature

Object While many studies have been published outlining morbidity following radiosurgical treatment of vestibular schwannomas, significant interpractitioner and institutional variability still exists. For this reason, the authors conducted a systematic review of the literature for non-audiofacial-related morbidity after the treatment of vestibular schwannoma with radiosurgery. Methods The authors performed a comprehensive search of the English-language literature to identify studies that published outcome data of patients undergoing radiosurgery treatment for vestibular schwannomas. In total, 254 articles were found that described more than 50,000 patients and were analyzed for satisfying the authors' inclusion criteria. Patients from these studies were then separated into 2 cohorts based on the marginal dose of radiation: ≤ 13 Gy and > 13 Gy. All tumors included in this study were < 25 mm in their largest diameter. Results A total of 63 articles met the criteria of the established search protocol, which combined for a total of 5631 patients. Patients receiving > 13 Gy were significantly more likely to develop trigeminal nerve neuropathy than those receiving < 13 Gy (p < 0.001). While we found no relationship between radiation dose and the rate of developing hydrocephalus (0.6% for both cohorts), patients with hydrocephalus who received doses > 13 Gy appeared to have a higher rate of symptomatic hydrocephalus requiring shunt treatment (96% [> 13 Gy] vs 56% [≤ 13 Gy], p < 0.001). The rates of vertigo or balance disturbance (1.1% [> 13 Gy] vs 1.8% [≤ 13 Gy], p = 0.001) and tinnitus (0.1% [> 13 Gy] vs 0.7% [≤ 13 Gy], p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the lower dose cohort than those in the higher dose cohort. Conclusions The results of our review of the literature provide a systematic summary of the published rates of nonaudiofacial morbidity following radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma.

scholarly journals Analiza zawartości informacyjnej dywidend na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Orzechowski
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
English Language Literature ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange ◽  
Language Literature

The article analyzes efficiency of the Warsaw Stock Exchange with respectto dividends’ payments. The article presents possible causes of anomaly relatedto dividends, reviews the English language literature of the field and finally presents the results of empirical studies related to companies listed on the Warsaw StockExchange. The results indicate that it is possible to construct investment strategysystematically generating financial benefits which proves that the Polish capitalmarket is ineffective.

scholarly journals The relationship between headache-attributed disability and lost productivity: 2. Empirical evidence from population-based studies in nine disparate countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallie Thomas ◽  
Simple Futarmal Kothari ◽  
Andreas Husøy ◽  
Rigmor Højland Jensen ◽  
Zaza Katsarava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Medication Overuse Headache ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Disability Weight ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Global Campaign ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Headache disorders are disabling, with major consequences for productivity, yet the literature is silent on the relationship between headache-attributed disability and lost productivity, often erroneously regarding the two as synonymous. We evaluated the relationship empirically, having earlier found that investment in structured headache services would be cost saving, not merely cost-effective, if reductions in headache-attributed disability led to > 20% pro rata recovery of lost productivity. Methods We used individual participant data from Global Campaign population-based studies conducted in China, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Russia, and from Eurolight in Lithuania, Luxembourg and Spain. We assessed relationships in migraine and probable medication-overuse headache (pMOH), the most disabling common headache disorders. Available symptom data included headache frequency, usual duration and usual intensity. We used frequency and duration to estimate proportion of time in ictal state (pTIS). Disability, in the sense used by the Global Burden of Disease study, was measured as the product of pTIS and disability weight for the ictal state. Impairment was measured as pTIS * intensity. Lost productivity was measured as lost days (absence or < 50% productivity) from paid work and corresponding losses from household work over the preceding 3 months. We used Spearman correlation and linear regression analyses. Results For migraine, in a linear model, we found positive associations with lost paid worktime, significant (p < 0.05) in many countries and highly significant (p < 0.001) in some despite low values of R2 (0–0.16) due to high variance. With lost household worktime and total lost productivity (paid + household), associations were highly significant in almost all countries, although still with low R2 (0.04–0.22). Applying the regression equations for each country to the population mean migraine-attributed disability, we found pro rata recoveries of lost productivity in the range 16–56% (> 20% in all countries but Pakistan). Analysing impairment rather than disability increased variability. For pMOH, with smaller numbers, associations were generally weaker, occasionally negative and mostly not significant. Conclusion Relief of disability through effective treatment of migraine is expected, in most countries, to recover > 20% pro rata of lost productivity, above the threshold for investment in structured headache services to be cost saving.

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