scholarly journals Evaluation of the Function of Probiotics, Emphasizing the Role of their Binding to the Intestinal Epithelium in the Stability and their Effects on the Immune System

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Javanshir ◽  
Golsa Nayeb Ghanbar Hosseini ◽  
Mahdieh Sadeghi ◽  
Ramtin Esmaeili ◽  
Fateme Satarikia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Binding Effect ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Functional Mechanisms

AbstractDue to the importance of using cost-effective methods for therapeutic purposes, the function of probiotics as safe microorganisms and the study of their relevant functional mechanisms have recently been in the spotlight. Finding the mechanisms of attachment and stability and their beneficial effects on the immune system can be useful in identifying and increasing the therapeutic effects of probiotics. In this review, the functional mechanisms of probiotics were comprehensively investigated. Relevant articles were searched in scientific sources, documents, and databases, including PubMed, NCBI, Bactibace, OptiBac, and Bagel4. The most important functional mechanisms of probiotics and their effects on strengthening the epithelial barrier, competitive inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms, production of antimicrobials, binding and interaction with the host, and regulatory effects on the immune system were discussed.In this regard, the attachment of probiotics to the epithelium is very important because the prerequisite for their proper functioning is to establish a proper connection to the epithelium. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the binding effect of probiotics, including sortase A, a significant factor involved in the expression of sortase-dependent proteins (SDP), on their surface as mediators of intestinal epithelial cell binding. In general, by investigating the functional mechanisms of probiotics, it was concluded that the mechanism by which probiotics regulate the immune system and adhesion capacity can directly and indirectly have preventive and therapeutic effects on a wide range of diseases. However, further study of these mechanisms requires extensive research on various aspects.

scholarly journals Potential mechanisms for the effects of far-infrared on the cardiovascular system – a review

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shemilt ◽  
Hala Bagabir ◽  
Chim Lang ◽  
Faisel Khan
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shock Proteins ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

Abstract. Far-infrared (FIR) is a form of thermal radiation, which may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. Clinical studies suggest that FIR irradiation may have therapeutic effects in heart failure, myocardial ischaemia and may improve flow and survival of arteriovenous fistula. Animal studies have suggested a wide range of potential mechanisms involving endothelial nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide bioavailability, oxidative stress, heat shock proteins and endothelial precursor cells. However, the exact cellular and molecular mechanism of FIR on the cardiovascular system remains elusive. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current literature, focusing on mechanistic studies involving the cardiovascular system, and with a view to highlighting areas for future investigation.

scholarly journals Anti-glycation activity of curcumin

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Sabina Galiniak ◽  
Marek Biesiadecki ◽  
Bożena Czubat ◽  
Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aldehyde Group ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Active Inhibitor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range

Curcumin, a compound belonging to the group of polyphenols with a characteristic yellow-orange color, is the most active ingredient of the long-leaved Curcuma longa L. and the ingredient of seasoning mixes, including curry spices. Due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, it has a wide range of therapeutic effects and has been studied for many years. Curcumin has enormous potential in preventing many diseases due to the widely described benefits of its use, it is non-toxic and additionally. Therapy with curcumin is low cost. Currently, many studies focus on the anti-glycation activity of curcumin, which could be used as an active inhibitor of glycation, i.e. a non-enzymatic process of combining a keto or aldehyde group of sugar with a free amino group of a protein. Finally, heterogeneous end products of advanced glycation are formed in the multistage and complicated glycation reaction. Formation of glycation products is intensified with age, as well as in various disease states, including diabetes or neurodegenerative diseases. Many literature data describe the role of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. It is known that polyphenol has beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and regeneration of secretory cells of pancreatic islets. It seems that addition of curcumin, the main ingredient of curry spice, to food could help people prevent the development of lifestyle diseases, including diabetes and its complications. The article presents the current state of knowledge on the curcumin anti-glycation properties in vitro as well as in vivo.

scholarly journals Curcumin Relieves Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behavior through the PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yanqin Wu ◽  
Fusheng Sun ◽  
Yujin Guo ◽  
Yumao Zhang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Fibronectin Type Iii Domain ◽  
Bdnf Pathway

Background and Aim. Increasing evidence suggests that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α)/fibronectin type III domain-containing 5 (FNDC5)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway might be critical for neuroprotection. Our present study is aimed at investigating the antidepressant-like effects of curcumin (CUR) in a chronic unpredictable mild stress- (CUMS-) induced depression rat model and explore whether the PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway is the major driving force behind the therapeutic effects of CUR. Methods. All rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely, control, CUMS, CUMS + CUR , and CUMS + CUR + SR 18292 (PGC-1α inhibitor). Behavioral tests were conducted to assess the antidepressant-like effects of CUR. The expressions of PGC-1α, estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα), FNDC5, and BDNF were determined to investigate the regulatory effects of CUR on the PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway. The PGC-1α inhibitor SR18292 was used to explore the role of PGC-1α in the induction of BDNF by CUR. Results. Daily gavage of 100 mg/kg CUR successfully attenuated the abnormal behaviors induced by CUMS and effectively prevented CUMS-induced reduction of PGC-1α, ERRα, FNDC5, and BDNF expressions. CUR also enhanced PGC-1α and ERRα translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus. Furthermore, we found that CUR supplementation effectively promoted neurocyte proliferation and suppressed neuronal apoptosis induced by CUMS. Of note, the PGC-1α inhibitor SR18292 remarkably reversed the beneficial effects of CUR on depressed rats, indicating an important role of PGC-1α in the antidepressant-like effects of CUR. Conclusion. Collectively, our data evaluating the neuroprotective action of CUR in the CUMS rats highlights the involvement of the PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway in the antidepressant-like effects of CUR.

A New Design for Floating Offshore Platforms

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Khonsari ◽  
G. L. England ◽  
E. Moradkhan ◽  
A. R. Valikhani ◽  
M. R. Bahadori
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Moment Arms ◽  
New Family ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Basic Studies ◽  
Floating Platforms

While for shallow waters the use of old offshore jackets still seems efficient and justifiable, for deep and ultra-deep waters such platforms cannot be used. During the past few decades the old generation of fixed offshore platforms was succeeded by the new floating platforms and new designs such as FPSOs. A new family of floating offshore platforms has been developed. These should be able to respond to size, weight and space for operating equipment, i.e. they can be constructed to have a wide range of load-bearing capacities. Use is made of the old concept of Life Saving Tubes, which in their simplest form can be a toroidal shaped tyre inner tube. The Torus-shaped idea can be further extended to other shapes obtained either by revolving any plane closed curve or poly-line about a coplanar axis which does not intersect it, or by extruding the curve/poly-line through a closed path. The preliminary ‘structural’ calculations carried out on various samples of the torus-shaped members of this family of platforms showed that theoretically they can be designed to carry as much load as required and provide the users with the required space on the water. Moreover, basic studies of the stability of such systems in water showed their large metacentric heights as well as large righting moment arms, hence their high degree of stability. This stability can be further increased by using other versions of this idea with more efficient toroidal shapes. Furthermore, apparently, much study is required however to establish this idea as a viable, cost-effective and efficient alternative for current generations of offshore floating platforms.

scholarly journals Administration of Enterococcus faecium HS-08 increases intestinal acetate and induces immunoglobulin A secretion in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 576-585
Author(s):  
Saki Fujita ◽  
Yasunori Baba ◽  
Yukari Nakashima ◽  
Yasuki Higashimura ◽  
Kenji Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Independent Mechanism ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

A probiotic is considered a live microbial feed supplement that has beneficial effects on the host. In this study, the probiotic property by which Enterococcus faecium HS-08 strengthens the immune system was investigated. Using a murine model, we evaluated the abilities of this strain to increase intestinal short-chain fatty acid contents and to induce the production of mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA), which are crucial for mucosal immune systems. Various amounts (0%, 0.0038%, 0.038%, or 0.38%) of strain HS-08 cells were administered to BALB/cAJcl mice, which resulted in a dose-dependent increase of fecal IgA levels. A qRT-PCR analysis of Peyer’s patch cells revealed that the gene expression of retinal-dehydrogenase, interleukin 6, B-cell-activating factor, and a proliferation-inducing ligand were increased, which leads to IgA secretion via a T-cell-independent mechanism. The administration of 0.038% and 0.38% of strain HS-08 cells also increased fecal acetate levels, which plays an important role for maintaining immune functions. This cecal floral analysis and the stability of strain HS-08 against gastrointestinal digestion suggest that this strain can inhabit the host intestine. In conclusion, the administration of E. faecium HS-08 increased intestinal acetate levels and enhanced IgA secretion, which may result in strengthening of the mucosal immune system.

Parametric Investigation of the Stability of Vessels for Float-Over Deck Transportation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee O’Neill ◽  
Shaun O’Brein ◽  
Emmanuel Fakas
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transport Vessel ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Vessel Stability

The technical challenge of transporting large size integrated decks, especially float-over decks at high elevation, is well recognised. The cost of such operation usually forms a significant part of the overall development cost, especially in remote parts of the world where the transport routes are longer and the transport vessel choice is limited. In this respect, suitable vessel selection is very critical in terms of the economic viability of oil and gas developments, especially of marginal fields. A cost-effective working method is developed for selecting suitable vessels for a wide range of transport options (deck weights and transport elevations) without the requirement of extensive analyses. This method may be used at the very early stages of any study to assess the feasibility of the transport concept and also provide a wider choice of feasible options to be considered at the next stage of the development, where a more accurate analysis may be justified. Some potential ways for improving vessel stability are also investigated. Findings from the study can also be applied to integrated deck salvage transport.

scholarly journals The Curative Role of Bitumen in Traditional Persian Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Mahdi Shahriari ◽  
Majid Nimrouzi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Traditional Persian Medicine ◽  
Effective Remedy

Aim: Bitumen is a natural substance effusing from rocks’ notches in some highland areas; it has been known as an effective remedy for treating some illnesses. Considering pain relieving properties of bitumen in traditional Persian medicine (TPM) sources, this study aims to review the viewpoints of TPM sages regarding bitumen in the context of traditional Persian medicine. It also provides applicable information for interested researchers to conduct well-designed clinical trials and evaluate therapeutic effects of bitumen claimed in TPM sources. Material and method: Various databases including Embase, SID, IRANDOC, IranMedex, Scopus and PubMed were searched with keywords “bitumen” and “Shilajit”. Furthermore, main traditional Persian medicine sources including Avicenna’s “Canon of medicine”, “Continens Liber” by Razes, “The storehouse of medicaments” by Aghili, “Gift for the faithful” by Momen Tonekaboni and “Measure for medicine” written by Muhammad Akbar Shah Arzani were reviewed with Persian keywords “Moomiaii” and “Mumnaei” Results: According to TPM sources, bitumen was used by Iranian’s physicians to treat a wide range of diseases. It was known especially as an effective remedy to improve gastrointestinal digestive problems. Conclusion: Bitumen is cited in traditional Persian medicine sources as an effective remedy for treatment of a wide range of diseases, especially GI disorders and bone pain. Recent studies showed the beneficial effects of bitumen in treatment of wound healing, however using it in medical practice for other health dilemma should be confirmed by conducting well-designed clinical studies in the future.

scholarly journals CHORIONIC GONADOTROPINE: STRUCTURAL HETEROGENEITY, METABOLIC PATHWAY, FUNCTIONS, OBTAINING AND POSSIBILITIES OF CLINICAL APPLICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
A. K. Gulevsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Antitumor Action ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Temperature Storage

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is one of the key hormones needed for pregnancy sustaining. At the same time, it performs many other biological functions, which is due to the effect on the immune cells’ activity, the ability to bind to at least three types of receptors and activate various signaling cascades. Several structural forms of hCG and their combinations have been identified. This structural heterogeneity is the cause of variations not only in the degree and direction of the hormone functional activity, but in the mechanisms of its action, the degree of binding to other molecules and the conditions of dissociation as well. Aim. To review the current understanding of the role and mechanisms of the biological activity of hCG and its isoforms, as well as the identification of physicochemical factors that affect the completeness of hCG release from biological raw materials and the stability of the isolated drug during further storage. Methods. A computerized literature search was performed using three electronic databases from 1980 to 2020. Descriptive and comparative analyzes were performed for discovered studies in molecular biology, biochemistry and clinical practice. Results. A detailed biochemical and physiological analysis of hCG and its related molecules are provided in this review. The features of measuring its content in tissues, isolation and purification methods, difficulties associated with low-temperature storage, as well as the spectrum of hCG preparations clinical use of and their proposed new therapeutic possibilities are considered. Conclusions. HCG is characterized by a wide range of versatile functions, and its field of application in laboratory diagnostics and clinical practice is still expanding. At the same time, to elucidate the mechanisms of its multiple therapeutic effects, including antitumor action, as well as the mechanisms of dissociation under conditions of low-temperature storage, which can solve the problem of maintaining the stability of this hormone, it remains relevant.

scholarly journals Mindfulness-Based Interventions For Successful Aging: Benefits, Barriers, and the Future

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Jamie Sulek
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Effective Community ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

A growing body of research supports the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) to address a wide range of health concerns. This narrative literature review recognizes the important role these interventions play in response to public health challenges prompted by an aging demographic. Moreover, this review identifies opportunities to deliver cost-effective, community-based interventions tailored to older adults that promote successful aging. Complementary to this diverse demographic, MBIs allow participants to access naturally developed abilities that support overall well-being and resiliency later in life. The intersecting and beneficial effects of these interventions offer a well-suited, proactive, and holistic avenue to enhance quality of life for older adults.  

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria isolated from breast milk

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (S1) ◽  
pp. S96-S100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Lara-Villoslada ◽  
Mónica Olivares ◽  
Saleta Sierra ◽  
Juan Miguel Rodríguez ◽  
Julio Boza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioactive Agents

Breast milk is the best food for the neonate because it provides a unique combination of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals and vitamins that ensures the correct growth and development of the infant. In addition, it also contains bioactive compounds responsible for a wide range of beneficial effects such as the promotion of immune system maturation and the protection against infections. Among these bioactive agents, probiotic bacteria have been recently isolated from human milk. The present work reviews the beneficial effects of these bacteria both in animal models and in clinical trials. The promotion of immune system maturation and defence against infections as well as the anti-inflammatory properties are among the main healthy effects of these bacteria. The isolation of probiotic bacteria with beneficial effects for the host provides scientific support for the supplementation of infant formula with these bacteria, in order to advance the pursuit of the main goal of formula: to mimic breast milk and its functional effects as closely as possible.

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