scholarly journals Transcriptome analyses of seed development in grape hybrids reveals a possible mechanism influencing seed size

BMC Genomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Xiaoyan Hu ◽  
Chen Jiao ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Zhangjun Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses

scholarly journals Comprehensive Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Candidate Genes for Variation in Seed Size/Weight During Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Domestication

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongfeng Li ◽  
Xingguo Zhang ◽  
Kunkun Zhao ◽  
Kai Zhao ◽  
Chengxin Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Significant Differential Expression ◽  
Ppr Protein ◽  
Cultivated Peanut ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses ◽  
Wild Peanut

Seed size/weight, a key domestication trait, is also an important selection target during peanut breeding. However, the mechanisms that regulate peanut seed development are unknown. We re-sequenced 12 RNA samples from developing seeds of two cultivated peanut accessions (Lines 8106 and 8107) and wild Arachis monticola at 15, 30, 45, and 60 days past flowering (DPF). Transcriptome analyses showed that ∼36,000 gene loci were expressed in each of the 12 RNA samples, with nearly half exhibiting moderate (2 ≤ FPKM < 10) expression levels. Of these genes, 12.2% (4,523) were specifically expressed during seed development, mainly at 15 DPF. Also, ∼12,000 genes showed significant differential expression at 30, 45, and/or 60 DPF within each of the three peanut accessions, accounting for 31.8–34.1% of the total expressed genes. Using a method that combined comprehensive transcriptome analysis and previously mapped QTLs, we identified several candidate genes that encode transcription factor TGA7, topless-related protein 2, IAA-amino acid hydrolase ILR1-like 5, and putative pentatricopeptide repeat-containing (PPR) protein. Based on sequence variations identified in these genes, SNP markers were developed and used to genotype both 30 peanut landraces and a genetic segregated population, implying that EVM0025654 encoding a PPR protein may be associated with the increased seed size/weight of the cultivated accessions in comparison with the allotetraploid wild peanut. Our results provide additional knowledge for the identification and functional research into candidate genes responsible for the seed size/weight phenotype in peanut.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Seed-Development Genes in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyou Li ◽  
Qiuyu Lv ◽  
Jiao Deng ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
Fang Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Common Buckwheat ◽  
Size Change ◽  
Key Genes

Seed development is an essential and complex process, which is involved in seed size change and various nutrients accumulation, and determines crop yield and quality. Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is a widely cultivated minor crop with excellent economic and nutritional value in temperate zones. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of seed development in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum). In this study, we performed RNA-Seq to investigate the transcriptional dynamics and identify the key genes involved in common buckwheat seed development at three different developmental stages. A total of 4619 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Based on the results of Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis of DEGs, many key genes involved in the seed development, including the Ca2+ signal transduction pathway, the hormone signal transduction pathways, transcription factors (TFs), and starch biosynthesis-related genes, were identified. More importantly, 18 DEGs were identified as the key candidate genes for seed size through homologous query using the known seed size-related genes from different seed plants. Furthermore, 15 DEGs from these identified as the key genes of seed development were selected to confirm the validity of the data by using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and the results show high consistency with the RNA-Seq results. Taken together, our results revealed the underlying molecular mechanisms of common buckwheat seed development and could provide valuable information for further studies, especially for common buckwheat seed improvement.

An analysis of seed development in Pisum sativum. XV. The influence of seed size on protein content

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Arthur ◽  
H. Adams ◽  
K. Strouts ◽  
D. A. Jones ◽  
T. L. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Component ◽  
Residual Variation ◽  
Percentage Protein

AbstractThe variation for protein content has been assessed in a series of pea (Pisum sativum L.) lines differing in mean seed size. The range of seed size within each genotype was manipulated by growing the plants in different environments and by altering the structure of the plant. The response of the lines in terms of seed weight to the environments and treatments was inconsistent, but 90% of the total variation was accounted for by differences between genotypes. In contrast, for percentage protein, the genetic component was much weaker with nearly half the variation being accounted for by within (residual) variation. The correlations between seed weight and percentage protein were highly genotype specific. For the largerseeded genotype, percentage protein increased with increasing seed size (r= +0.9, P < 0.01), while for the small-seeded genotype there was mid-range negative value (r = −0.5, P <0.01). It is suggested that any assessment of percentage protein in pea genotypes must take account of seed size.

scholarly journals QTL-seq Analysis of Seed Size Trait in Grape Reveal New Insight on The Genetics of Seedlessness

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Songlin Zhang ◽  
Chen Jiao ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Chonghuai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Nonsynonymous Snps ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Functional Variants ◽  
Seedless Grape

Abstract Background Seedlessness in grape ( Vitis vinifera ) is an important commercial trait for both the fresh and drying markets. However, despite numerous studies, the mechanisms and key genes regulating grape seedlessness are mostly unknown. Results In this study, we sequenced the genomes of the V. vinifera seeded cultivar ‘Red Globe’, the seedless cultivar ‘Centennial’, as well as the derived hybrids. Nonsynonymous SNPs were identified and analyzed with respect to published transcriptome data. All the DEGs containing nonsynonymous SNPs were further analyzed in terms of expression patterns, Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment. A potential QTL region associated with seed size was characterized based on SNP indices for both seedless and seeded progeny. Expression analysis of candidate genes during ovule development in multiple seeded and seedless grape cultivars further indicates their potential function in grape seed development. Conclusion In summary, DEGs containing nonsynonymous SNPs were mainly protein kinase, transcription factors, cytochrome P450 and other factors related to seed development, which were mainly involved in biological processes like hormone balance, seed coat and endosperm development, reproductive organ development, oxidation and reduction, senescence and cell death. Based on SNP-index and expression pattern analysis, three genes were further identified as potential seedlessness-related genes. Overall the data cast light on the differences of seed development between seeded and sedless progeny in perspective of both functional variants and expression pattern,which provides valuable candidates for future functional study.

YIELD, SEED WEIGHT, HULL PERCENTAGE, AND TESTA COLOR OF BUCKWHEAT AT TWO SOIL MOISTURE REGIMES

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 881-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Appreciable Increase ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench ◽  
Testa Color

Irrigation of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) during the flowering and seed development stages resulted in yield increases of 11–26% but no appreciable increase in seed size in a 3-yr field study. Hull percentage and testa color of the dehulled seed were recorded in two of the years and showed no marked changes associated with yield increases of 11–12%.

The effect of some environmental conditions on seed development and hard-seededness in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Taylor ◽  
MJ Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Dry Out

Subterranean clover (cv. Daliak) was grown in boxes with provision for unrestricted lateral growth. At the commencement of flowering, plants were allocated to three day/night temperature regimes of 12/7°, 18/13° and 24/19°C in controlled-temperature glasshouses and well watered until maturity (unstressed). In two additional treatments at 18/13°, plants were either subjected to intermittent moisture stress throughout the flowering period (stressed) or well watered for the first 6 weeks of flowering and then allowed to dry out (droughted). Increasing temperature resulted in more rapid inflorescence production, seed development and earlier plant maturation. The overall mean seed size was lower at 24/19° than at the other two temperatures. The stressed and droughted treatments produced fewer and smaller seeds than the corresponding unstressed treatment. There was a small effect of temperature on the degree of hard-seededness as determined from the mean softening time of seed subjected to daily alternating temperatures of 60/15°. Softening time was not significantly affected by watering treatments. There were small differences in softening time due to the position of the burr on the lateral, with a slight trend for seeds from the first-formed burrs to soften more rapidly. Most of the variation in softening time between seeds was due to variation within burrs. The sequence of seed softening within burrs was related to seed size, the larger seeds generally softening first, but no single regression could be used to describe this relationship for different burr positions or treatments. The absence of major treatment effects on the degree of hard-seededness indicates that varying the length of the seed development period does not necessarily result in differences in hard-seededness, as has been suggested from field experiments.

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